refactor(core): introduce NgModule.schemas

This allows Angular to error on unknown properties,
allowing applications that don’t use custom elements
to get better error reporting.

Part of #10043

BREAKING CHANGE:
- By default, Angular will error during parsing
  on unknown properties,
  even if they are on elements with a `-` in their name
  (aka custom elements). If you application is using
  custom elements, fill the new parameter `@NgModule.schemas`
  with the value `[CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA]`.

  E.g. for bootstrap:
  ```
  bootstrap(MyComponent, {schemas: [CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA]});
  ```

modules/@angular/compiler/src/schema/dom_element_schema_registry.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
  */
 
-import {Injectable, SecurityContext} from '@angular/core';
+import {CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA, Injectable, SchemaMetadata, SecurityContext} from '@angular/core';
 
 import {StringMapWrapper} from '../facade/collection';
 import {isPresent} from '../facade/lang';
@@ -270,7 +270,9 @@ export class DomElementSchemaRegistry extends ElementSchemaRegistry {
     });
   }
 
-  hasProperty(tagName: string, propName: string): boolean {
+  hasProperty(tagName: string, propName: string, schemaMetas: SchemaMetadata[]): boolean {
+    const hasCustomElementSchema =
+        schemaMetas.some((schema) => schema.name === CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA.name);
     if (tagName.indexOf('-') !== -1) {
       if (tagName === 'ng-container' || tagName === 'ng-content') {
         return false;
@@ -278,7 +280,7 @@ export class DomElementSchemaRegistry extends ElementSchemaRegistry {
 
       // Can't tell now as we don't know which properties a custom element will get
       // once it is instantiated
-      return true;
+      return hasCustomElementSchema;
     } else {
       var elementProperties = this.schema[tagName.toLowerCase()];
       if (!isPresent(elementProperties)) {

modules/@angular/compiler/src/schema/element_schema_registry.ts

@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@
  * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
  */
 
+import {SchemaMetadata} from '@angular/core';
+
 export abstract class ElementSchemaRegistry {
-  abstract hasProperty(tagName: string, propName: string): boolean;
+  abstract hasProperty(tagName: string, propName: string, schemaMetas: SchemaMetadata[]): boolean;
   abstract securityContext(tagName: string, propName: string): any;
   abstract getMappedPropName(propName: string): string;
 }