fix(ngcc): do not emit ES2015 code in ES5 files (#33514)

Previously, ngcc's `Renderer` would add some constants in the processed
files which were emitted as ES2015 code (e.g. `const` declarations).
This would result in invalid ES5 generated code that would break when
run on browsers that do not support the emitted format.

This commit fixes it by adding a `printStatement()` method to
`RenderingFormatter`, which can convert statements to JavaScript code in
a suitable format for the corresponding `RenderingFormatter`.
Additionally, the `translateExpression()` and `translateStatement()`
ngtsc helper methods are augmented to accept an extra hint to know
whether the code needs to be translated to ES5 format or not.

Fixes #32665

PR Close #33514

packages/compiler-cli/ngcc/src/rendering/rendering_formatter.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
  * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
  */
+import {Statement} from '@angular/compiler';
 import MagicString from 'magic-string';
 import * as ts from 'typescript';
 import {Reexport} from '../../../src/ngtsc/imports';
@@ -45,4 +46,5 @@ export interface RenderingFormatter {
   addModuleWithProvidersParams(
       outputText: MagicString, moduleWithProviders: ModuleWithProvidersInfo[],
       importManager: ImportManager): void;
+  printStatement(stmt: Statement, sourceFile: ts.SourceFile, importManager: ImportManager): string;
 }