fix(ngcc): do not emit ES2015 code in ES5 files (#33514)

Previously, ngcc's `Renderer` would add some constants in the processed
files which were emitted as ES2015 code (e.g. `const` declarations).
This would result in invalid ES5 generated code that would break when
run on browsers that do not support the emitted format.

This commit fixes it by adding a `printStatement()` method to
`RenderingFormatter`, which can convert statements to JavaScript code in
a suitable format for the corresponding `RenderingFormatter`.
Additionally, the `translateExpression()` and `translateStatement()`
ngtsc helper methods are augmented to accept an extra hint to know
whether the code needs to be translated to ES5 format or not.

Fixes #32665

PR Close #33514

packages/compiler-cli/ngcc/test/BUILD.bazel

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ ts_library(
         exclude = ["integration/**/*.ts"],
     ),
     deps = [
+        "//packages/compiler",
         "//packages/compiler-cli/ngcc",
         "//packages/compiler-cli/ngcc/test/helpers",
         "//packages/compiler-cli/src/ngtsc/diagnostics",