fix(ngcc): do not emit ES2015 code in ES5 files (#33514)

Previously, ngcc's `Renderer` would add some constants in the processed
files which were emitted as ES2015 code (e.g. `const` declarations).
This would result in invalid ES5 generated code that would break when
run on browsers that do not support the emitted format.

This commit fixes it by adding a `printStatement()` method to
`RenderingFormatter`, which can convert statements to JavaScript code in
a suitable format for the corresponding `RenderingFormatter`.
Additionally, the `translateExpression()` and `translateStatement()`
ngtsc helper methods are augmented to accept an extra hint to know
whether the code needs to be translated to ES5 format or not.

Fixes #32665

PR Close #33514

packages/compiler-cli/ngcc/test/rendering/dts_renderer_spec.ts

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ class TestRenderingFormatter implements RenderingFormatter {
       importManager: ImportManager): void {
     output.prepend('\n// ADD MODUlE WITH PROVIDERS PARAMS\n');
   }
+  printStatement(): string { return 'IGNORED'; }
 }
 
 function createTestRenderer(
@@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ function createTestRenderer(
   spyOn(testFormatter, 'removeDecorators').and.callThrough();
   spyOn(testFormatter, 'rewriteSwitchableDeclarations').and.callThrough();
   spyOn(testFormatter, 'addModuleWithProvidersParams').and.callThrough();
+  spyOn(testFormatter, 'printStatement').and.callThrough();
 
   const renderer = new DtsRenderer(testFormatter, fs, logger, host, bundle);