feat(common): add @angular/common/upgrade package for $location-related APIs (#30055)

AngularJS's `$location` service doesn't have a direct counterpart in Angular. This is largely because the `Location` service in Angular was pulled out of the `Router`, but was not purpose-built to stand on its own.

This commit adds a new `@angular/common/upgrade` package with the beginnings of a new `LocationUpgradeService`. This service will more closely match the API of AngularJS and provide a way to replace the `$location` service from AngularJS.

PR Close #30055

packages/common/upgrade/BUILD.bazel

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
+
+exports_files(["package.json"])
+
+load("//tools:defaults.bzl", "ng_module")
+
+ng_module(
+    name = "upgrade",
+    srcs = glob(
+        [
+            "*.ts",
+            "src/**/*.ts",
+        ],
+    ),
+    deps = [
+        "//packages/common",
+        "//packages/core",
+        "//packages/upgrade/static",
+    ],
+)