feat(ivy): ngtsc compiles @Component, @Directive, @NgModule (#24427)

This change supports compilation of components, directives, and modules
within ngtsc. Support is not complete, but is enough to compile and test
//packages/core/test/bundling/todo in full AOT mode. Code size benefits
are not yet achieved as //packages/core itself does not get compiled, and
some decorators (e.g. @Input) are not stripped, leading to unwanted code
being retained by the tree-shaker. This will be improved in future commits.

PR Close #24427

packages/compiler-cli/src/ngtsc/annotations/BUILD.bazel

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
+
+load("//tools:defaults.bzl", "ts_library")
+
+ts_library(
+    name = "annotations",
+    srcs = glob([
+        "index.ts",
+        "src/**/*.ts",
+    ]),
+    module_name = "@angular/compiler-cli/src/ngtsc/annotations",
+    deps = [
+        "//packages/compiler",
+        "//packages/compiler-cli/src/ngtsc/metadata",
+        "//packages/compiler-cli/src/ngtsc/transform",
+    ],
+)