feat(ivy): ngtsc compiles @Component, @Directive, @NgModule (#24427)

This change supports compilation of components, directives, and modules
within ngtsc. Support is not complete, but is enough to compile and test
//packages/core/test/bundling/todo in full AOT mode. Code size benefits
are not yet achieved as //packages/core itself does not get compiled, and
some decorators (e.g. @Input) are not stripped, leading to unwanted code
being retained by the tree-shaker. This will be improved in future commits.

PR Close #24427

packages/compiler-cli/test/ngtsc/fake_core/index.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ function callableParamDecorator(): FnWithArg<(a: any, b: any, c: any) => void> {
   return null !;
 }
 
+export const Component = callableClassDecorator();
+export const Directive = callableClassDecorator();
 export const Injectable = callableClassDecorator();
 export const NgModule = callableClassDecorator();
 

packages/compiler-cli/test/ngtsc/ngtsc_spec.ts

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ describe('ngtsc behavioral tests', () => {
     }`);
   });
 
-  it('should compile without errors', () => {
+  it('should compile Injectables without errors', () => {
     writeConfig();
     write('test.ts', `
         import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
@@ -122,4 +122,62 @@ describe('ngtsc behavioral tests', () => {
     expect(dtsContents).toContain('static ngInjectableDef: i0.InjectableDef<Dep>;');
     expect(dtsContents).toContain('static ngInjectableDef: i0.InjectableDef<Service>;');
   });
+
+  it('should compile Components without errors', () => {
+    writeConfig();
+    write('test.ts', `
+        import {Component} from '@angular/core';
+
+        @Component({
+          selector: 'test-cmp',
+          template: 'this is a test',
+        })
+        export class TestCmp {}
+    `);
+
+    const exitCode = main(['-p', basePath], errorSpy);
+    expect(errorSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
+
+    const jsContents = getContents('test.js');
+    expect(jsContents).toContain('TestCmp.ngComponentDef = i0.ɵdefineComponent');
+    expect(jsContents).not.toContain('__decorate');
+
+    const dtsContents = getContents('test.d.ts');
+    expect(dtsContents).toContain('static ngComponentDef: i0.ComponentDef<TestCmp, \'test-cmp\'>');
+  });
+
+  it('should compile NgModules without errors', () => {
+    writeConfig();
+    write('test.ts', `
+        import {Component, NgModule} from '@angular/core';
+
+        @Component({
+          selector: 'test-cmp',
+          template: 'this is a test',
+        })
+        export class TestCmp {}
+
+        @NgModule({
+          declarations: [TestCmp],
+        })
+        export class TestModule {}
+    `);
+
+    const exitCode = main(['-p', basePath], errorSpy);
+    expect(errorSpy).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
+
+    const jsContents = getContents('test.js');
+    expect(jsContents)
+        .toContain(
+            'i0.ɵdefineNgModule({ type: TestModule, bootstrap: [], ' +
+            'declarations: [TestCmp], imports: [], exports: [] })');
+
+    const dtsContents = getContents('test.d.ts');
+    expect(dtsContents).toContain('static ngComponentDef: i0.ComponentDef<TestCmp, \'test-cmp\'>');
+    expect(dtsContents)
+        .toContain('static ngModuleDef: i0.NgModuleDef<TestModule, [TestCmp], [], []>');
+    expect(dtsContents).not.toContain('__decorate');
+  });
 });