fix(typings): Don't expose typing dependencies to users.

This resolves Duplicate Identifier issues seen by many users,
at the expense of more typings installation required in some
cases.

Removes the quickstart hack of placing all needed dependencies
typings files in our distribution. Removes dependencies on
nodejs from angular2/core.

Fixes #5973
Fixes #5807
Fixes #6266

Angular now depends on es6-promise and es6-collections
(and a handful of manual typings) rather than all of es6-shim.

Fixes #5242

We previously had an undocumented breaking change, this is now
documented in this commit.

Fixes #6817

BREAKING CHANGE:

Transitive typings are no longer included in the distribution.
You may need to install typings in your project using
http://github.com/typings/typings

Users now must rely on getting typings from:
- one of the peerDependencies, such as rxjs, which exposes
  typings via the moduleResolution=node mechanism.
  (see https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/wiki/Typings-for-npm-packages)
  This happens automatically.
- Using --target ES5 now requires manual installation of
  es6-promise and es6-collections typings.
- Using some angular APIs may introduce a dependency on eg. nodejs
  or jasmine, and those typings need manual installation as well.

Closes #6267

modules/angular2/src/facade/lang.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,36 @@
+// Zones are TC-39 standards-track so users could choose a different implementation
+// Rather than import {Zone} from 'zone.js' we define an interface
+// so that any library that structurally matches may be used with Angular 2.
+export interface ZoneLike {
+  fork(locals?: any): ZoneLike;
+  run(fn: any, applyTo?: any, applyWith?: any): any;
+}
+export interface ZoneLikeConstructor {
+  longStackTraceZone: { [key: string]: any; };
+}
+
+export interface BrowserNodeGlobal {
+  Object: typeof Object;
+  Array: typeof Array;
+  Map: typeof Map;
+  Set: typeof Set;
+  Date: DateConstructor;
+  RegExp: RegExpConstructor;
+  JSON: typeof JSON;
+  Math: any;  // typeof Math;
+  assert(condition: any): void;
+  Reflect: any;
+  zone: ZoneLike;
+  Zone: ZoneLikeConstructor;
+  getAngularTestability: Function;
+  getAllAngularTestabilities: Function;
+  frameworkStabilizers: Array<Function>;
+  setTimeout: Function;
+  clearTimeout: Function;
+  setInterval: Function;
+  clearInterval: Function;
+}
+
 // TODO(jteplitz602): Load WorkerGlobalScope from lib.webworker.d.ts file #3492
 declare var WorkerGlobalScope;
 var globalScope: BrowserNodeGlobal;
@@ -10,7 +43,7 @@ if (typeof window === 'undefined') {
   }
 } else {
   globalScope = <any>window;
-};
+}
 
 export const IS_DART = false;
 
@@ -430,4 +463,4 @@ export function evalExpression(sourceUrl: string, expr: string, declarations: st
 
 export function isPrimitive(obj: any): boolean {
   return !isJsObject(obj);
-}
+}