fix(ngcc): do not output duplicate ɵprov properties (#34085)

Previously, the Angular AOT compiler would always add a
`ɵprov` to injectables. But in ngcc this resulted in duplicate `ɵprov`
properties since published libraries already have this property.

Now in ngtsc, trying to add a duplicate `ɵprov` property is an error,
while in ngcc the additional property is silently not added.

// FW-1750

PR Close #34085

aio/scripts/_payload-limits.json

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
     "master": {
       "uncompressed": {
         "runtime-es2015": 2987,
-        "main-es2015": 464734,
+        "main-es2015": 463671,
         "polyfills-es2015": 52503
       }
     }