fix(language-service): Add global symbol for $any() (#33245)

This commit introduces a "global symbol table" in the language service for symbols that are available in the top level scope,
and add `$any()` to it.

See https://angular.io/guide/template-syntax#the-any-type-cast-function

PR closes https://github.com/angular/vscode-ng-language-service/issues/242

PR Close #33245

packages/language-service/test/global_symbols_spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
+ * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
+ */
+
+import {getSymbolQuery} from '@angular/compiler-cli';
+import * as ts from 'typescript/lib/tsserverlibrary';
+
+import {EMPTY_SYMBOL_TABLE, createGlobalSymbolTable} from '../src/global_symbols';
+
+import {MockTypescriptHost} from './test_utils';
+
+describe('GlobalSymbolTable', () => {
+  const mockHost = new MockTypescriptHost([]);
+  const tsLS = ts.createLanguageService(mockHost);
+
+  it(`contains $any()`, () => {
+    const program = tsLS.getProgram() !;
+    const typeChecker = program.getTypeChecker();
+    const source = ts.createSourceFile('foo.ts', '', ts.ScriptTarget.ES2015);
+    const query = getSymbolQuery(program, typeChecker, source, () => EMPTY_SYMBOL_TABLE);
+    const table = createGlobalSymbolTable(query);
+    expect(table.has('$any')).toBe(true);
+  });
+});