fix(language-service): Add global symbol for $any() (#33245)

This commit introduces a "global symbol table" in the language service for symbols that are available in the top level scope,
and add `$any()` to it.

See https://angular.io/guide/template-syntax#the-any-type-cast-function

PR closes https://github.com/angular/vscode-ng-language-service/issues/242

PR Close #33245

packages/language-service/test/hover_spec.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import {TypeScriptServiceHost} from '../src/typescript_host';
 
 import {MockTypescriptHost} from './test_utils';
 
+const TEST_TEMPLATE = '/app/test.ng';
+
 describe('hover', () => {
   const mockHost = new MockTypescriptHost(['/app/main.ts']);
   const tsLS = ts.createLanguageService(mockHost);
@@ -190,6 +192,19 @@ describe('hover', () => {
     });
     expect(toText(displayParts)).toBe('(directive) AppModule.StringModel: class');
   });
+
+  it('should be able to provide quick info for $any() cast function', () => {
+    const content = mockHost.override(TEST_TEMPLATE, '<div>{{$any(title)}}</div>');
+    const position = content.indexOf('$any');
+    const quickInfo = ngLS.getHoverAt(TEST_TEMPLATE, position);
+    expect(quickInfo).toBeDefined();
+    const {textSpan, displayParts} = quickInfo !;
+    expect(textSpan).toEqual({
+      start: position,
+      length: '$any(title)'.length,
+    });
+    expect(toText(displayParts)).toBe('(method) $any');
+  });
 });
 
 function toText(displayParts?: ts.SymbolDisplayPart[]): string {