test(bazel): Build and test ts-api-guardian locally (#22544)

Also use it to test the public API for core and common

Once we have an ng_package for every package, we can remove
the npm dependency on ts-api-guardian and the gulp-based
public api check.

PR Close #22544

tools/gulp-tasks/format.js

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ const srcsToFmt = [
   `!${I18N_FOLDER}/currencies.ts`,
   `!${I18N_FOLDER}/locale_en.ts`,
   '!tools/gulp-tasks/cldr/extract.js',
+  '!tools/ts-api-guardian/test/fixtures/**',
 ];
 
 module.exports = {