build(aio): upgrade sample package.json files to jasmine@~2.8.0 (#20165)

- Update tooling to support revised testing guide (PR #20697).
- Require jasmine upgrade for examples that use marble testing.
- Copy `cli/package.json` to `testing/` and add `jasmine-marbles`.
- Resolve merge conflicts created by `NgModules` guides.

PR Close #20165

aio/tools/examples/shared/boilerplate/cli/package.json

@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@
     "@angular/cli": "1.5.4",
     "@angular/compiler-cli": "^5.0.0",
     "@angular/language-service": "^5.0.0",
-    "@types/jasmine": "~2.5.53",
+    "@types/jasmine": "~2.8.0",
     "@types/jasminewd2": "~2.0.2",
     "@types/node": "~6.0.60",
     "codelyzer": "^4.0.1",
-    "jasmine-core": "~2.6.2",
+    "jasmine-core": "~2.8.0",
     "jasmine-spec-reporter": "~4.1.0",
     "karma": "~1.7.0",
     "karma-chrome-launcher": "~2.1.1",