fix(ivy): allow abstract directives to have an invalid constructor (#32987)

For abstract directives, i.e. directives without a selector, it may
happen that their constructor is called explicitly from a subclass,
hence its parameters are not required to be valid for Angular's DI
purposes. Prior to this commit however, having an abstract directive
with a constructor that has parameters that are not eligible for
Angular's DI would produce a compilation error.

A similar scenario may occur for `@Injectable`s, where an explicit
`use*` definition allows for the constructor to be irrelevant. For
example, the situation where `useFactory` is specified allows for the
constructor to be called explicitly with any value, so its constructor
parameters are not required to be valid. For `@Injectable`s this is
handled by generating a DI factory function that throws.

This commit implements the same solution for abstract directives, such
that a compilation error is avoided while still producing an error at
runtime if the type is instantiated implicitly by Angular's DI
mechanism.

Fixes #32981

PR Close #32987

packages/core/src/render3/index.ts

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ export {
   ɵɵcontainerRefreshStart,
 
   ɵɵdirectiveInject,
+  ɵɵinvalidFactory,
 
   ɵɵelement,
   ɵɵelementContainer,