feat(dev-infra): tool for staging and publishing releases (#38656)

Creates a tool for staging and publishing releases as per the
new branching and versioning that has been outlined in the following
document. The tool is intended to be used across the organization to
ensure consistent branching/versioning and labeling:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/197kVillDwx-RZtSVOBtPb4BBIAw0E9RT3q3v6DZkykU/edit#heading=h.s3qlps8f4zq7dd

The tool implements the actions as outlined in the following
initial plan: https://hackmd.io/2Le8leq0S6G_R5VEVTNK9A.

The implementation slightly diverged in so far that it performs
staging and publishing together so that releasing is a single
convenient command. In case of errors for which re-running the
full command is not sufficient, we want to consider adding
recover functionality. e.g. when the staging completed, but the
actual NPM publishing aborted unexpectedly due to build errors.

PR Close #38656

dev-infra/utils/git/github-urls.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 import {URL} from 'url';
 import {GithubConfig} from '../config';
+import {GitClient} from './index';
 
 /** URL to the Github page where personal access tokens can be managed. */
 export const GITHUB_TOKEN_SETTINGS_URL = `https://github.com/settings/tokens`;
@@ -34,3 +35,8 @@ export function getRepositoryGitUrl(config: GithubConfig, githubToken?: string):
   }
   return baseHttpUrl;
 }
+
+/** Gets a Github URL that refers to a lists of recent commits within a specified branch. */
+export function getListCommitsInBranchUrl({remoteParams}: GitClient, branchName: string) {
+  return `https://github.com/${remoteParams.owner}/${remoteParams.repo}/commits/${branchName}`;
+}