refactor(core): support non reflective bootstrap.

This changes Angular so that it can be used without reflection (assuming a codegen for injectors).

BREAKIKNG CHANGE:
- Drops `APP_COMPONENT` provider. Instead, inject
  `ApplicationRef` and read its `componentTypes` property.
- long form bootstrap has changed into the following:
  ```
  var platform = createPlatform(ReflectiveInjector.resolveAndCreate(BROWSER_PROVIDERS));
  var appInjector =
    ReflectiveInjector.resolveAndCreate([BROWSER_APP_PROVIDERS, appProviders], platform.injector);
  coreLoadAndBootstrap(appInjector, MyApp);
  ```

modules/angular2/examples/router/ts/on_activate/on_activate_example.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class ChildCmp {
 
 @Component({
   template: `
-    <h2>Parent</h2> (<router-outlet></router-outlet>) 
+    <h2>Parent</h2> (<router-outlet></router-outlet>)
     <p>{{log}}</p>`,
   directives: [ROUTER_DIRECTIVES]
 })
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class ParentCmp implements OnActivate {
   selector: 'example-app',
   template: `
     <h1>My app</h1>
-    
+
     <nav>
       <a [routerLink]="['Parent', 'Child']">Child</a>
     </nav>