fix(core): properly identify modules affected by overrides in TestBed (#36649)

When module overrides (via `TestBed.overrideModule`) are present, it might affect all modules that import (even transitively) an overridden one. For all affected modules we need to recalculate their scopes for a given test run and restore original scopes at the end. Prior to this change, we were recalculating module scopes only for components that are used in a test, without taking into account module hierarchy. This commit updates Ivy TestBed logic to calculate all potentially affected modules are reset cached scopes information for them (so that scopes are recalculated as needed).

Resolves #36619.

PR Close #36649

packages/core/test/test_bed_spec.ts

@@ -359,6 +359,126 @@ describe('TestBed', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('nested module overrides using TestBed.overrideModule', () => {
+    // Set up an NgModule hierarchy with two modules, A and B, each with their own component.
+    // Module B additionally re-exports module A. Also declare two mock components which can be
+    // used in tests to verify that overrides within this hierarchy are working correctly.
+
+    // ModuleA content:
+
+    @Component({
+      selector: 'comp-a',
+      template: 'comp-a content',
+    })
+    class CompA {
+    }
+
+    @Component({
+      selector: 'comp-a',
+      template: 'comp-a mock content',
+    })
+    class MockCompA {
+    }
+
+    @NgModule({
+      declarations: [CompA],
+      exports: [CompA],
+    })
+    class ModuleA {
+    }
+
+    // ModuleB content:
+
+    @Component({
+      selector: 'comp-b',
+      template: 'comp-b content',
+    })
+    class CompB {
+    }
+
+    @Component({
+      selector: 'comp-b',
+      template: 'comp-b mock content',
+    })
+    class MockCompB {
+    }
+
+    @NgModule({
+      imports: [ModuleA],
+      declarations: [CompB],
+      exports: [CompB, ModuleA],
+    })
+    class ModuleB {
+    }
+
+    // AppModule content:
+
+    @Component({
+      selector: 'app',
+      template: `
+        <comp-a></comp-a>
+        <comp-b></comp-b>
+      `,
+    })
+    class App {
+    }
+
+    @NgModule({
+      imports: [ModuleB],
+      exports: [ModuleB],
+    })
+    class AppModule {
+    }
+
+    it('should detect nested module override', () => {
+      TestBed
+          .configureTestingModule({
+            declarations: [App],
+            // AppModule -> ModuleB -> ModuleA (to be overridden)
+            imports: [AppModule],
+          })
+          .overrideModule(ModuleA, {
+            remove: {declarations: [CompA], exports: [CompA]},
+            add: {declarations: [MockCompA], exports: [MockCompA]}
+          })
+          .compileComponents();
+
+      const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(App);
+      fixture.detectChanges();
+
+      // CompA is overridden, expect mock content.
+      expect(fixture.nativeElement.textContent).toContain('comp-a mock content');
+
+      // CompB is not overridden, expect original content.
+      expect(fixture.nativeElement.textContent).toContain('comp-b content');
+    });
+
+    it('should detect chained modules override', () => {
+      TestBed
+          .configureTestingModule({
+            declarations: [App],
+            // AppModule -> ModuleB (to be overridden) -> ModuleA (to be overridden)
+            imports: [AppModule],
+          })
+          .overrideModule(ModuleA, {
+            remove: {declarations: [CompA], exports: [CompA]},
+            add: {declarations: [MockCompA], exports: [MockCompA]}
+          })
+          .overrideModule(ModuleB, {
+            remove: {declarations: [CompB], exports: [CompB]},
+            add: {declarations: [MockCompB], exports: [MockCompB]}
+          })
+          .compileComponents();
+
+      const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(App);
+      fixture.detectChanges();
+
+      // Both CompA and CompB are overridden, expect mock content for both.
+      expect(fixture.nativeElement.textContent).toContain('comp-a mock content');
+      expect(fixture.nativeElement.textContent).toContain('comp-b mock content');
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('multi providers', () => {
     const multiToken = new InjectionToken<string[]>('multiToken');
     const singleToken = new InjectionToken<string>('singleToken');