build: switch example e2e tests to bazel (#28402)

* No longer builds the example e2e tests using "tsc". The examples are now built with Bazel and can therefore be built with Ivy by using the `--define=compile=aot` switch.
* No longer runs the example e2e tests using the protractor CLI. example e2e tests are executed with the Bazel protractor rule and can therefore run incrementally.

NOTE: Unit tests found within the examples are still running within the legacy jobs.

PR Close #28402

packages/examples/core/start-server.js

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
+ * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
+ */
+
+const protractorUtils = require('@angular/bazel/protractor-utils');
+const protractor = require('protractor');
+
+module.exports = async function(config) {
+  const {port} = await protractorUtils.runServer(config.workspace, config.server, '-port', []);
+  const serverUrl = `http://localhost:${port}`;
+
+  protractor.browser.baseUrl = serverUrl;
+};