feat(compiler): reuse the TypeScript typecheck for template typechecking. (#19152)

This speeds up the compilation process significantly.

Also introduces a new option `fullTemplateTypeCheck` to do more checks in templates:
- check expressions inside of templatized content (e.g. inside of `<div *ngIf>`).
- check the arguments of calls to the `transform` function of pipes
- check references to directives that were exposed as variables via `exportAs`
PR Close #19152

packages/compiler/src/directive_normalizer.ts

@@ -150,7 +150,8 @@ export class DirectiveNormalizer {
     return new CompileTemplateMetadata({
       encapsulation,
       template,
-      templateUrl: templateAbsUrl, styles, styleUrls,
+      templateUrl: templateAbsUrl,
+      htmlAst: rootNodesAndErrors, styles, styleUrls,
       ngContentSelectors: visitor.ngContentSelectors,
       animations: prenormData.animations,
       interpolation: prenormData.interpolation, isInline,
@@ -168,6 +169,7 @@ export class DirectiveNormalizer {
           encapsulation: templateMeta.encapsulation,
           template: templateMeta.template,
           templateUrl: templateMeta.templateUrl,
+          htmlAst: templateMeta.htmlAst,
           styles: templateMeta.styles,
           styleUrls: templateMeta.styleUrls,
           externalStylesheets: externalStylesheets,