feat(compiler): reuse the TypeScript typecheck for template typechecking. (#19152)

This speeds up the compilation process significantly.

Also introduces a new option `fullTemplateTypeCheck` to do more checks in templates:
- check expressions inside of templatized content (e.g. inside of `<div *ngIf>`).
- check the arguments of calls to the `transform` function of pipes
- check references to directives that were exposed as variables via `exportAs`
PR Close #19152

packages/compiler/src/metadata_resolver.ts

@@ -261,6 +261,7 @@ export class CompileMetadataResolver {
         encapsulation: noUndefined(compMeta.encapsulation),
         template: noUndefined(compMeta.template),
         templateUrl: noUndefined(compMeta.templateUrl),
+        htmlAst: null,
         styles: compMeta.styles || [],
         styleUrls: compMeta.styleUrls || [],
         animations: animations || [],