refactor(ivy): make return value of define(Component|Directive|Pipe|Injector|Injectable) private (#23371) (#23383)

Ivy definition looks something like this:

```
class MyService {
  static ngInjectableDef = defineInjectable({
    …
  });
}
```

Here the argument to `defineInjectable` is well known public contract which needs
to be honored in backward compatible way between versions. The type of the
return value of `defineInjectable` on the other hand is private and can change
shape drastically between versions without effecting backwards compatibility of
libraries publish to NPM. To our users it is effectively an opaque token.
For this reson why declare the return value of `defineInjectable` as `never`.

PR Close #23383

packages/core/test/render3/component_spec.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import {ComponentFactory, DoCheck, ViewEncapsulation, createInjector, defineInje
 import {getRenderedText} from '../../src/render3/component';
 import {LifecycleHooksFeature, defineComponent, directiveInject, markDirty} from '../../src/render3/index';
 import {bind, container, containerRefreshEnd, containerRefreshStart, elementEnd, elementProperty, elementStart, embeddedViewEnd, embeddedViewStart, text, textBinding, tick} from '../../src/render3/instructions';
-import {RenderFlags} from '../../src/render3/interfaces/definition';
+import {ComponentDef, DirectiveDef, RenderFlags} from '../../src/render3/interfaces/definition';
 import {createRendererType2} from '../../src/view/index';
 
 import {getRendererFactory2} from './imported_renderer2';
@@ -346,7 +346,8 @@ describe('recursive components', () => {
     });
   }
 
-  TreeComponent.ngComponentDef.directiveDefs = () => [TreeComponent.ngComponentDef];
+  (TreeComponent.ngComponentDef as ComponentDef<TreeComponent>).directiveDefs =
+      () => [TreeComponent.ngComponentDef];
 
   function _buildTree(currDepth: number): TreeNode {
     const children = currDepth < 2 ? _buildTree(currDepth + 1) : null;