refactor(Provider): remove deprecated provider/bind API (#10652)

Closes #9751

BREAKING CHANGE:

These forms of providers are no longer accepted:
  bind(MyClass).toFactory(...)
  new Provider(MyClass, toFactory: ...)

We now only accept:
  {provider: MyClass, toFactory: ...}

modules/@angular/core/src/change_detection/differs/iterable_differs.ts

@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@ export class IterableDiffers {
    * ```
    */
   static extend(factories: IterableDifferFactory[]): Provider {
-    return new Provider(IterableDiffers, {
+    return {
+      provide: IterableDiffers,
       useFactory: (parent: IterableDiffers) => {
         if (isBlank(parent)) {
           // Typically would occur when calling IterableDiffers.extend inside of dependencies passed
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ export class IterableDiffers {
       },
       // Dependency technically isn't optional, but we can provide a better error message this way.
       deps: [[IterableDiffers, new SkipSelfMetadata(), new OptionalMetadata()]]
-    });
+    };
   }
 
   find(iterable: any): IterableDifferFactory {

modules/@angular/core/src/change_detection/differs/keyvalue_differs.ts

@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@ export class KeyValueDiffers {
    * ```
    */
   static extend(factories: KeyValueDifferFactory[]): Provider {
-    return new Provider(KeyValueDiffers, {
+    return {
+      provide: KeyValueDiffers,
       useFactory: (parent: KeyValueDiffers) => {
         if (isBlank(parent)) {
           // Typically would occur when calling KeyValueDiffers.extend inside of dependencies passed
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ export class KeyValueDiffers {
       },
       // Dependency technically isn't optional, but we can provide a better error message this way.
       deps: [[KeyValueDiffers, new SkipSelfMetadata(), new OptionalMetadata()]]
-    });
+    };
   }
 
   find(kv: Object): KeyValueDifferFactory {