refactor: update angular to support TypeScript 2.4

Detailed updates:
- rxjs@5.0.x
- tsickle@0.24.x
- typescript@2.4.x
- @bazel/typescript@0.10.0
- protractor@5.1.x
- selenium-webdriver@3.0.x

BREAKING CHANGE:
- the Angular compiler now requires TypeScript 2.4.x.

tools/public_api_guard/common/index.d.ts

@@ -287,8 +287,8 @@ export declare class NgIfContext {
 /** @experimental */
 export declare class NgLocaleLocalization extends NgLocalization {
     protected locale: string;
-    protected useV4Plurals: boolean;
-    constructor(locale: string, useV4Plurals?: boolean);
+    protected useV4Plurals: boolean | undefined;
+    constructor(locale: string, useV4Plurals?: boolean | undefined);
     getPluralCategory(value: any, locale?: string): string;
 }