fix(ivy): link correct ngModule's injector to the bootstrapped component (#28183)

Previously, bootstrapping a component with render3 would create a chained injector with the test bed ngModule instead of the ngModule that the component belongs to.
Now when a component belongs to an ngModule, we use that for the chained injector, ensuring the correct injection of any providers that this ngModule contains.

FW-776 #resolve

PR Close #28183

packages/core/src/application_ref.ts

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {InternalNgModuleRef, NgModuleFactory, NgModuleRef} from './linker/ng_mod
 import {InternalViewRef, ViewRef} from './linker/view_ref';
 import {WtfScopeFn, wtfCreateScope, wtfLeave} from './profile/profile';
 import {assertNgModuleType} from './render3/assert';
+import {ComponentFactory as R3ComponentFactory} from './render3/component_ref';
 import {NgModuleFactory as R3NgModuleFactory} from './render3/ng_module_ref';
 import {Testability, TestabilityRegistry} from './testability/testability';
 import {isDevMode} from './util/is_dev_mode';
@@ -51,6 +52,16 @@ export function compileNgModuleFactory__POST_R3__<M>(
   return Promise.resolve(new R3NgModuleFactory(moduleType));
 }
 
+let isBoundToModule: <C>(cf: ComponentFactory<C>) => boolean = isBoundToModule__PRE_R3__;
+
+export function isBoundToModule__PRE_R3__<C>(cf: ComponentFactory<C>): boolean {
+  return cf instanceof ComponentFactoryBoundToModule;
+}
+
+export function isBoundToModule__POST_R3__<C>(cf: ComponentFactory<C>): boolean {
+  return (cf as R3ComponentFactory<C>).isBoundToModule;
+}
+
 export const ALLOW_MULTIPLE_PLATFORMS = new InjectionToken<boolean>('AllowMultipleToken');
 
 
@@ -467,9 +478,7 @@ export class ApplicationRef {
     this.componentTypes.push(componentFactory.componentType);
 
     // Create a factory associated with the current module if it's not bound to some other
-    const ngModule = componentFactory instanceof ComponentFactoryBoundToModule ?
-        null :
-        this._injector.get(NgModuleRef);
+    const ngModule = isBoundToModule(componentFactory) ? null : this._injector.get(NgModuleRef);
     const selectorOrNode = rootSelectorOrNode || componentFactory.selector;
     const compRef = componentFactory.create(Injector.NULL, [], selectorOrNode, ngModule);
 

packages/core/src/core_render3_private_export.ts

@@ -211,7 +211,8 @@ export {
 //
 // no code actually imports these symbols from the @angular/core entry point
 export {
-  compileNgModuleFactory__POST_R3__ as ɵcompileNgModuleFactory__POST_R3__
+  compileNgModuleFactory__POST_R3__ as ɵcompileNgModuleFactory__POST_R3__,
+  isBoundToModule__POST_R3__ as ɵisBoundToModule__POST_R3__
 } from './application_ref';
 export {
   SWITCH_COMPILE_COMPONENT__POST_R3__ as ɵSWITCH_COMPILE_COMPONENT__POST_R3__,

packages/core/src/render3/component_ref.ts

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ export class ComponentFactory<T> extends viewEngine_ComponentFactory<T> {
   selector: string;
   componentType: Type<any>;
   ngContentSelectors: string[];
+  isBoundToModule: boolean;
 
   get inputs(): {propName: string; templateName: string;}[] {
     return toRefArray(this.componentDef.inputs);
@@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ export class ComponentFactory<T> extends viewEngine_ComponentFactory<T> {
     // It is implicitly expected as the first item in the projectable nodes array.
     this.ngContentSelectors =
         componentDef.ngContentSelectors ? ['*', ...componentDef.ngContentSelectors] : [];
+    this.isBoundToModule = !!ngModule;
   }
 
   create(