feat: introduce source maps for templates (#15011)

The main use case for the generated source maps is to give
errors a meaningful context in terms of the original source
that the user wrote.

Related changes that are included in this commit:

* renamed virtual folders used for jit:
  * ng://<module type>/module.ngfactory.js
  * ng://<module type>/<comp type>.ngfactory.js
  * ng://<module type>/<comp type>.html (for inline templates)
* error logging:
  * all errors that happen in templates are logged
    from the place of the nearest element.
  * instead of logging error messages and stacks separately,
    we log the actual error. This is needed so that browsers apply
    source maps to the stack correctly.
  * error type and error is logged as one log entry.

Note that long-stack-trace zone has a bug that 
disables source maps for stack traces,
see https://github.com/angular/zone.js/issues/661.

BREAKING CHANGE:

- DebugNode.source no more returns the source location of a node.  

Closes 14013

packages/compiler/src/metadata_resolver.ts

@@ -155,7 +155,8 @@ export class CompileMetadataResolver {
     return typeSummary && typeSummary.summaryKind === kind ? typeSummary : null;
   }
 
-  private _loadDirectiveMetadata(directiveType: any, isSync: boolean): Promise<any> {
+  private _loadDirectiveMetadata(ngModuleType: any, directiveType: any, isSync: boolean):
+      Promise<any> {
     if (this._directiveCache.has(directiveType)) {
       return;
     }
@@ -191,6 +192,7 @@ export class CompileMetadataResolver {
 
     if (metadata.isComponent) {
       const templateMeta = this._directiveNormalizer.normalizeTemplate({
+        ngModuleType,
         componentType: directiveType,
         moduleUrl: componentModuleUrl(this._reflector, directiveType, annotation),
         encapsulation: metadata.template.encapsulation,
@@ -249,7 +251,8 @@ export class CompileMetadataResolver {
         styles: dirMeta.styles,
         styleUrls: dirMeta.styleUrls,
         animations: animations,
-        interpolation: dirMeta.interpolation
+        interpolation: dirMeta.interpolation,
+        isInline: !!dirMeta.template
       });
     }
 
@@ -378,7 +381,7 @@ export class CompileMetadataResolver {
     const loading: Promise<any>[] = [];
     if (ngModule) {
       ngModule.declaredDirectives.forEach((id) => {
-        const promise = this._loadDirectiveMetadata(id.reference, isSync);
+        const promise = this._loadDirectiveMetadata(moduleType, id.reference, isSync);
         if (promise) {
           loading.push(promise);
         }