fix(ivy): consider providers for view/content queries (#27156)

In ViewEngine it is possible to query for a token that is provided by
a directive that is in scope. See StackBlitz for example:
https://stackblitz.com/edit/ng-viewengine-viewchild-providers

Material uses this pattern with its `MatFormFieldControl` setup, see
https://bit.ly/2zgCUxD for documentation.

PR Close #27156

packages/core/test/bundling/animation_world/bundle.golden_symbols.json

@@ -929,6 +929,9 @@
   {
     "name": "loadContext"
   },
+  {
+    "name": "locateDirectiveOrProvider"
+  },
   {
     "name": "locateHostElement"
   },

packages/core/test/bundling/hello_world_r2/bundle.golden_symbols.json

@@ -1100,6 +1100,9 @@
   {
     "name": "leaveView"
   },
+  {
+    "name": "locateDirectiveOrProvider"
+  },
   {
     "name": "locateHostElement"
   },

packages/core/test/bundling/todo/bundle.golden_symbols.json

@@ -947,6 +947,9 @@
   {
     "name": "loadInternal"
   },
+  {
+    "name": "locateDirectiveOrProvider"
+  },
   {
     "name": "locateHostElement"
   },

packages/core/test/bundling/todo_r2/bundle.golden_symbols.json

@@ -2198,6 +2198,9 @@
   {
     "name": "localeEn"
   },
+  {
+    "name": "locateDirectiveOrProvider"
+  },
   {
     "name": "locateHostElement"
   },