refactor(core): clean up platform bootstrap and initTestEnvironment

- Introduces `CompilerFactory` which can be part of a `PlatformRef`.
- Introduces `WorkerAppModule`, `WorkerUiModule`, `ServerModule`
- Introduces `serverDynamicPlatform` for applications using runtime compilation
  on the server.
- Changes browser bootstrap for runtime and offline compilation (see below for an example).
  * introduces `bootstrapModule` and `bootstrapModuleFactory` in `@angular/core`
  * introduces new `browserDynamicPlatform` in `@angular/platform-browser-dynamic
- Changes `initTestEnvironment` (which used to be `setBaseTestProviders`) to not take a compiler factory any more (see below for an example).

BREAKING CHANGE:

## Migration from `setBaseTestProviders` to `initTestEnvironment`:

- For the browser platform:
  BEFORE:
  ```
  import {setBaseTestProviders} from ‘@angular/core/testing’;
  import {TEST_BROWSER_DYNAMIC_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS,
      TEST_BROWSER_DYNAMIC_APPLICATION_PROVIDERS} from ‘@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/testing’;

  setBaseTestProviders(TEST_BROWSER_DYNAMIC_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS,
      TEST_BROWSER_DYNAMIC_APPLICATION_PROVIDERS);
  ```

  AFTER:
  ```
  import {initTestEnvironment} from ‘@angular/core/testing’;
  import {browserDynamicTestPlatform,
      BrowserDynamicTestModule} from ‘@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/testing’;

  initTestEnvironment(
      BrowserDynamicTestModule,
      browserDynamicTestPlatform());

  ```
- For the server platform:
  BEFORE:
  ```
  import {setBaseTestProviders} from ‘@angular/core/testing’;
  import {TEST_SERVER_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS,
      TEST_SERVER_APPLICATION_PROVIDERS} from ‘@angular/platform-server/testing/server’;

  setBaseTestProviders(TEST_SERVER_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS,
      TEST_SERVER_APPLICATION_PROVIDERS);
  ```

  AFTER:
  ```
  import {initTestEnvironment} from ‘@angular/core/testing’;
  import {serverTestPlatform,
      ServerTestModule} from ‘@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/testing’;

  initTestEnvironment(
      ServerTestModule,
      serverTestPlatform());

  ```

## Bootstrap changes
```
@AppModule({
  modules: [BrowserModule],
  precompile: [MainComponent],
  providers: […], // additional providers
  directives: […], // additional platform directives
  pipes: […] // additional platform pipes
})
class MyModule {
  constructor(appRef: ApplicationRef) {
    appRef.bootstrap(MainComponent);
  }
}

// offline compile
import {browserPlatform} from ‘@angular/platform-browser’;
import {bootstrapModuleFactory} from ‘@angular/core’;

bootstrapModuleFactory(MyModuleNgFactory, browserPlatform());

// runtime compile long form
import {browserDynamicPlatform} from ‘@angular/platform-browser-dynamic’;
import {bootstrapModule} from ‘@angular/core’;

bootstrapModule(MyModule, browserDynamicPlatform());
```

Closes #9922
Part of #9726

tools/public_api_guard/core/index.d.ts

@@ -256,6 +256,12 @@ export declare class Binding extends Provider {
     });
 }
 
+/** @stable */
+export declare function bootstrapModule<M>(moduleType: ConcreteType<M>, platform: PlatformRef, compilerOptions?: CompilerOptions): Promise<AppModuleRef<M>>;
+
+/** @experimental */
+export declare function bootstrapModuleFactory<M>(moduleFactory: AppModuleFactory<M>, platform: PlatformRef): AppModuleRef<M>;
+
 /** @stable */
 export declare enum ChangeDetectionStrategy {
     OnPush = 0,
@@ -302,6 +308,22 @@ export declare class Compiler {
     compileComponentSync<T>(component: ConcreteType<T>): ComponentFactory<T>;
 }
 
+/** @experimental */
+export declare abstract class CompilerFactory {
+    abstract createCompiler(options?: CompilerOptions): Compiler;
+    withDefaults(options?: CompilerOptions): CompilerFactory;
+    static mergeOptions(defaultOptions?: CompilerOptions, newOptions?: CompilerOptions): CompilerOptions;
+}
+
+/** @experimental */
+export declare type CompilerOptions = {
+    useDebug?: boolean;
+    useJit?: boolean;
+    defaultEncapsulation?: ViewEncapsulation;
+    providers?: any[];
+    deprecatedAppProviders?: any[];
+};
+
 /** @stable */
 export declare var Component: ComponentMetadataFactory;
 
@@ -513,6 +535,9 @@ export declare function coreLoadAndBootstrap(componentType: Type, injector: Inje
 /** @experimental */
 export declare function createPlatform(injector: Injector): PlatformRef;
 
+/** @experimental */
+export declare function createPlatformFactory(name: string, providers: any[]): () => PlatformRef;
+
 /** @stable */
 export declare class CyclicDependencyError extends AbstractProviderError {
     constructor(injector: ReflectiveInjector, key: ReflectiveKey);

tools/public_api_guard/core/testing.d.ts

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ export declare function getTestInjector(): TestInjector;
 export declare var iit: any;
 
 /** @experimental */
-export declare function initTestEnvironment(compilerFactory: TestCompilerFactory, platform: PlatformRef, appModule: Type): void;
+export declare function initTestEnvironment(appModule: Type, platform: PlatformRef): void;
 
 /** @stable */
 export declare function inject(tokens: any[], fn: Function): () => any;
@@ -106,12 +106,6 @@ export declare var it: any;
 /** @experimental */
 export declare function resetTestEnvironment(): void;
 
-/** @experimental */
-export declare type TestCompilerFactory = (config: {
-    providers?: Array<Type | Provider | any[]>;
-    useJit?: boolean;
-}) => Compiler;
-
 /** @stable */
 export declare class TestComponentBuilder {
     protected _injector: Injector;
@@ -136,7 +130,6 @@ export declare class TestComponentRenderer {
 /** @experimental */
 export declare class TestInjector implements Injector {
     appModule: Type;
-    compilerFactory: TestCompilerFactory;
     platform: PlatformRef;
     configureCompiler(config: {
         providers?: any[];

tools/public_api_guard/platform-browser-dynamic/index.d.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 /** @experimental */
 export declare function bootstrap<C>(appComponentType: ConcreteType<C>, customProviders?: Array<any>): Promise<ComponentRef<C>>;
 
-/** @stable */
-export declare function bootstrapModule<M>(moduleType: ConcreteType<M>, compiler?: Compiler): Promise<AppModuleRef<M>>;
-
 /** @experimental */
 export declare function bootstrapWorkerApp(appComponentType: Type, customProviders?: Array<any>): Promise<ComponentRef<any>>;
 
@@ -13,12 +10,14 @@ export declare function bootstrapWorkerUi(workerScriptUri: string, customProvide
 /** @experimental */
 export declare const BROWSER_APP_COMPILER_PROVIDERS: Array<any>;
 
-/** @stable */
-export declare function browserCompiler({useDebug, useJit, providers}?: {
-    useDebug?: boolean;
-    useJit?: boolean;
-    providers?: Array<any>;
-}): Compiler;
+/** @experimental */
+export declare const BROWSER_DYNAMIC_COMPILER_FACTORY: CompilerFactory;
+
+/** @experimental */
+export declare const BROWSER_DYNAMIC_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS: Array<any>;
+
+/** @experimental */
+export declare const browserDynamicPlatform: () => PlatformRef;
 
 /** @experimental */
 export declare const CACHED_TEMPLATE_PROVIDER: Array<any>;

tools/public_api_guard/platform-browser-dynamic/testing.d.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
+/** @experimental */
+export declare const BROWSER_DYNAMIC_TEST_COMPILER_FACTORY: CompilerFactory;
+
 /** @stable */
 export declare class BrowserDynamicTestModule {
 }
 
 /** @experimental */
-export declare const browserDynamicTestPlatform: typeof browserTestPlatform;
-
-/** @stable */
-export declare function browserTestCompiler({providers, useJit}?: {
-    providers?: Array<Type | Provider | any[]>;
-    useJit?: boolean;
-}): Compiler;
+export declare const browserDynamicTestPlatform: () => PlatformRef;

tools/public_api_guard/platform-browser/index.d.ts

@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@ export declare abstract class AnimationDriver {
     static NOOP: AnimationDriver;
 }
 
-/** @stable */
-export declare function bootstrapModuleFactory<M>(moduleFactory: AppModuleFactory<M>): AppModuleRef<M>;
-
 /** @experimental */
 export declare const BROWSER_APP_PROVIDERS: Array<any>;
 
@@ -16,12 +13,12 @@ export declare const BROWSER_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS: Array<any>;
 /** @experimental */
 export declare const BROWSER_SANITIZATION_PROVIDERS: Array<any>;
 
-/** @stable */
+/** @experimental */
 export declare class BrowserModule {
 }
 
 /** @experimental */
-export declare function browserPlatform(): PlatformRef;
+export declare const browserPlatform: () => PlatformRef;
 
 /** @stable */
 export declare class BrowserPlatformLocation extends PlatformLocation {
@@ -227,7 +224,15 @@ export declare const WORKER_UI_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS: Array<any>;
 export declare const WORKER_UI_STARTABLE_MESSAGING_SERVICE: OpaqueToken;
 
 /** @experimental */
-export declare function workerAppPlatform(): PlatformRef;
+export declare class WorkerAppModule {
+}
 
 /** @experimental */
-export declare function workerUiPlatform(): PlatformRef;
+export declare const workerAppPlatform: () => PlatformRef;
+
+/** @experimental */
+export declare class WorkerUiModule {
+}
+
+/** @experimental */
+export declare const workerUiPlatform: () => PlatformRef;

tools/public_api_guard/platform-browser/testing.d.ts

@@ -3,4 +3,7 @@ export declare class BrowserTestModule {
 }
 
 /** @experimental */
-export declare function browserTestPlatform(): PlatformRef;
+export declare const browserTestPlatform: () => PlatformRef;
+
+/** @experimental */
+export declare const TEST_BROWSER_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS: Array<any>;

tools/public_api_guard/platform-server/index.d.ts

@@ -5,4 +5,7 @@ export declare const SERVER_PLATFORM_PROVIDERS: Array<any>;
 export declare function serverBootstrap(appComponentType: Type, providers: Array<any>): Promise<ComponentRef<any>>;
 
 /** @experimental */
-export declare function serverPlatform(): PlatformRef;
+export declare const serverDynamicPlatform: () => PlatformRef;
+
+/** @experimental */
+export declare const serverPlatform: () => PlatformRef;

tools/public_api_guard/platform-server/testing.d.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
-/** @stable */
-export declare const serverTestCompiler: typeof browserTestCompiler;
-
 /** @stable */
 export declare class ServerTestModule {
 }
 
 /** @experimental */
-export declare function serverTestPlatform(): PlatformRef;
+export declare const serverTestPlatform: () => PlatformRef;