refactor(ivy): update the compiler to emit $localize tags (#31609)

This commit changes the Angular compiler (ivy-only) to generate `$localize`
tagged strings for component templates that use `i18n` attributes.

BREAKING CHANGE

Since `$localize` is a global function, it must be included in any applications
that use i18n. This is achieved by importing the `@angular/localize` package
into an appropriate bundle, where it will be executed before the renderer
needs to call `$localize`. For CLI based projects, this is best done in
the `polyfills.ts` file.

```ts
import '@angular/localize';
```

For non-CLI applications this could be added as a script to the index.html
file or another suitable script file.

PR Close #31609

modules/benchmarks/src/expanding_rows/BUILD.bazel

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ ng_module(
         "//packages:types",
         "//packages/common",
         "//packages/core",
+        "//packages/localize",
         "//packages/platform-browser",
         "@npm//rxjs",
     ],

modules/benchmarks/src/expanding_rows/index.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
  * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
  * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
  */
+// This benchmark uses i18n in its `ExpandingRowSummary` component so `$localize` must be loaded.
+import '@angular/localize';
 import {enableProdMode} from '@angular/core';
 import {platformBrowser} from '@angular/platform-browser';