fix(language-service): infer type of elements of array-like objects (#36312)

Currently the language service only provides support for determining the
type of array-like members when the array-like object is an `Array`.
However, there are other kinds of array-like objects, including
`ReadonlyArray`s and `readonly`-property arrays. This commit adds
support for retrieving the element type of arbitrary array-like objects.

Closes #36191

PR Close #36312

packages/language-service/test/project/app/parsing-cases.ts

@@ -174,6 +174,8 @@ export class TemplateReference {
   index = null;
   myClick(event: any) {}
   birthday = new Date();
+  readonlyHeroes: ReadonlyArray<Readonly<Hero>> = this.heroes;
+  constNames = [{name: 'name'}] as const ;
 }
 
 @Component({