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Author SHA1 Message Date
7f77ce1a48 release: cut the v10.0.0-rc.3 release 2020-06-08 17:03:59 -07:00
a1616ce181 docs: add note on publishing libraries in ivy (#36556)
Libraries are still build using view engine even after Ivy being the default engine for building angular apps. Added note on why libraries are built using VE and how they will be automatically compiled in Ivy using ngcc making it compatible for both

Fixes #35625

PR Close #36556
2020-06-08 15:05:52 -07:00
1c22dff714 docs(docs-infra): fix small typo (#37258)
The style guide docs had a typo "Alerts and Calllouts". Callouts is
spelled with two l's, not three. This PR fixes the typo.

PR Close #37258
2020-06-08 14:42:50 -07:00
8d1d6e8f70 docs: place download section in toh to the top (#36567)
this is part of a larger effort to standardise download sections on angular.io

This commit partially addresses #35459

PR Close #36567
2020-06-08 11:41:52 -07:00
e7f4aba5a3 docs(service-worker): add staleWhileRevalidate strategy (#37301)
There is great workaround for implementing staleWhileRevalidate strategy in service-worker by setting strategy to freshness and timeout to 0u. Documented this in service worker config where all other strategies are documented

Fixes #20402

PR Close #37301
2020-06-08 11:41:20 -07:00
fdbe9f5d9f refactor(core): assert TNode is not a container when setting attribute on element (#37111)
This PR provides a more helpful error than the one currently present:
`el.setAttribute is not a function`. It is not valid to have directives with host bindings
on `ng-template` or `ng-container` nodes. VE would silently ignore this, while Ivy
attempts to set the attribute and throws an error because these are comment nodes
and do not have `setAttribute` functionality.

It is better to throw a helpful error than to silently ignore this because
putting a directive with host binding on an `ng-template` or `ng-container` is most often a mistake.
Developers should be made aware that the host binding will have no effect in these cases.

Note that an error is already thrown in Ivy, as mentioned above, so this
is not a breaking change and can be merged to both master and patch.

Resolves #35994

PR Close #37111
2020-06-08 11:21:05 -07:00
8bead6bfdd test(language-service): Remove all markers from test project (#37475)
This commit removes all markers from the inline template in
`AppComponent` and external template in `TemplateReference`.

Test scenarios should be colocated with the test cases themselves.
Besides, many existing cases are invalid. For example, if we want to
test autocomplete for HTML element, the existing test case is like:
```
<~{cursor} h1>
```
This doesn't make much sense, becasue the language service already sees
the `h1` tag in the template. The correct test case should be:
```
<~{cursor
```
IMO, this reflects the real-world use case better.

This commit also uncovers a bug in the way HTML entities autocompletion
is done. There's an off-by-one error in which a cursor that immediately
trails the ampersand character fails to trigger HTML entities
autocompletion.

PR Close #37475
2020-06-08 10:25:43 -07:00
52dda73dbb ci: remove IgorMinar from reviewers list for pullapprove fallback group (#36456)
Historically we have had a pullapprove group `fallback` which acted as
a catch all for files which did not match any other groups.  This
group assigned reviews to IgorMinar, however it was not apparent that
this group was assigned.  This change removes this assignment.  This
group as active should always coincide with failures of the pullapprove
verification script. We continue to have this group as a secondary test
ensuring all files in the repo are captured by the pullapprove config.

PR Close #36456
2020-06-08 10:07:45 -07:00
31b3888a2f style(ngcc): post-merge review tidy up (#37461)
This commit tidies up a few of the code comments from a recent commit to
help improve the clarity of the algorithm.

PR Close #37461
2020-06-08 09:32:11 -07:00
6f938470c2 fix(service-worker): Don't stay locked in EXISTING_CLIENTS_ONLY if corrupted data (#37453)
**Problem**

After #31109 and #31865, it's still possible to get locked in state
`EXISTING_CLIENTS_ONLY`, without any possibility to get out (even by
pushing new updates on the server).
More specifically, if control doc `/latest` of `ngsw:/:db:control` once
gets a bad value, then the service worker will fail early, and won't be
able to overwrite `/latest` with new, valid values (the ones from future
updates).

For example, once in this state, URL `/ngsw/state` will show:

    NGSW Debug Info:
    Driver state: EXISTING_CLIENTS_ONLY (Degraded due to failed initialization: Invariant violated (initialize): latest hash 8b75… has no known manifest
    Error: Invariant violated (initialize): latest hash 8b75… has no known manifest
        at Driver.<anonymous> (https://my.app/ngsw-worker.js:2302:27)
        at Generator.next (<anonymous>)
        at fulfilled (https://my.app/ngsw-worker.js:175:62))
    Latest manifest hash: 8b75…
    Last update check: 22s971u

... with hash `8b75…` corresponding to no installed version.

**Solution**

Currently, when such a case happens, the service worker [simply fails
with an assertion][1]. Because this failure happens early, and is not
handled, the service worker is not able to update `/latest` to new
installed app versions.

I propose to detect this corrupted case (a `latest` hash that doesn't
match any installed version) a few lines above, so that the service
worker can correctly call its [already existing cleaning code][2].

[1]: https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/3569fdf/packages/service-worker/worker/src/driver.ts#L559-L563
[2]: https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/3569fdf/packages/service-worker/worker/src/driver.ts#L505-L519

This change successfully fixes the problem described above.

Unit test written with the help of George Kalpakas. Thank you!

PR Close #37453
2020-06-08 09:31:35 -07:00
776c4afc03 fix(dev-infra): await setup in runBenchmark (#37428)
* Fix for issue #36986.
* Changes runBenchmark into an async function.
* Awaits config.setup in runBenchmark.

PR Close #37428
2020-06-08 09:17:35 -07:00
536dd647c6 build: update to latest stable Chromium 83.0.4103 in both rules_webtesting and puppeteer (#37427)
Also added in detailed instructions of the process to determine the URLs corresponding to Chromium version desired

PR Close #37427
2020-06-08 09:16:40 -07:00
51d581ab27 build: upgrade to bazel 3.2.0 and rules_nodejs 1.7.0 (#37358)
Upgrade to rely on bazel version 3.2.0 and rules_nodejs 1.7.0.  This
is part of a routine update as new versions become available.

PR Close #37358
2020-06-08 09:15:50 -07:00
75294e7dad ci: special case tooling-cli-shared-api review group (#37467)
The new tooling-cli-shared-api is used to guard changes to packages/compiler-cli/src/tooling.ts
which is a private API sharing channel between Angular FW and CLI.

Changes to this file should be rare and explicitly approved by at least two members
of the CLI team.

PR Close #37467
2020-06-05 19:23:53 -07:00
04bada7a9d ci: extend and update the reviewer groups (#37467)
Update the pullapprove config to require multiple reviews for sensitive groups in order
to force distribution of knowledge and improve the review quality.

PR Close #37467
2020-06-05 19:23:53 -07:00
2349143477 fix(dev-infra): properly determine oauth scopes for git client token (#37462)
Resubmit of b2bd38699b since
85b6c94cc6 accidentally reverted
the fix due to rebasing most likely.

PR Close #37462
2020-06-05 11:04:37 -07:00
e9bff5fe9f fix(elements): fire custom element output events during component initialization (#36161)
Previously, event listeners for component output events attached on an
Angular custom element before inserting it into the DOM (i.e. before
instantiating the underlying component) didn't fire for events emitted
during initialization lifecycle hooks, such as `ngAfterContentInit`,
`ngAfterViewInit`, `ngOnChanges` (initial call) and `ngOnInit`.
The reason was that that `NgElementImpl` [subscribed to events][1]
_after_ calling [ngElementStrategy#connect()][2], which is where the
[initial change detection][3] takes place (running the initialization
lifecycle hooks).

This commit fixes this by:
1. Ensuring `ComponentNgElementStrategy#events` is defined and available
   for subscribing to, even before instantiating the component.
2. Ensuring `NgElementImpl` subscribes to `NgElementStrategy#events`
   before calling `NgElementStrategy#connect()` (which initializes the
   component instance).

Jira issue: [FW-2010](https://angular-team.atlassian.net/browse/FW-2010)

[1]: c0143cb2ab/packages/elements/src/create-custom-element.ts (L167-L170)
[2]: c0143cb2ab/packages/elements/src/create-custom-element.ts (L164)
[3]: c0143cb2ab/packages/elements/src/component-factory-strategy.ts (L158)

Fixes #36141

PR Close #36161
2020-06-05 10:36:39 -07:00
411cb0cb92 refactor(elements): remove unnecessary non-null assertions and as any type-casts (#36161)
This commit removes some unnecessary non-null assertions (`!`) and
`as any` type-casts from the `elements` package.

PR Close #36161
2020-06-05 10:36:39 -07:00
53e1fb3554 refactor(dev-infra): move GitClient to common util (#37318)
Moves GitClient from merge script into common utils for unified
method of performing git actions throughout the ng-dev toolset.

PR Close #37318
2020-06-05 09:46:40 -07:00
2cb3b66640 fix(ngcc): find decorated constructor params on IIFE wrapped classes (#37436)
Now in TS 3.9, classes in ES2015 can be wrapped in an IIFE.
This commit ensures that we still find the static properties that contain
decorator information, even if they are attached to the adjacent node
of the class, rather than the implementation or declaration.

Fixes #37330

PR Close #37436
2020-06-05 09:22:04 -07:00
5af3144330 refactor(dev-infra): use the exec() helper from utils/shelljs whenever possible (#37444)
There is an `exec()` helper provided by `utils/shelljs.ts`, which is a
wrapper around ShellJS' `exec()` with some default options (currently
`silent: true`). The intention is to avoid having to pass these options
to every invocation of the `exec()` function.

This commit updates all code inside `dev-infra/` to use this helper
whenever possible).

NOTE: For simplicity, the `utils/shelljs` helper does not support some
      of the less common call signatures of the original `exec()`
      helper, so in some cases we still need to use the original.

PR Close #37444
2020-06-05 09:21:18 -07:00
e4043cbb3a docs: fix minor error in the "Structural directives" guide (#37452)
The sample code used in this guide uses [class.od]="odd".
But, in another portion of the guide, [ngClass]="odd" is mentioned instead.

PR Close #37452
2020-06-05 09:20:43 -07:00
fff424a35f fix(common): prevent duplicate URL change notifications (#37404)
Prevent duplicate notifications from being emitted when multiple URL change listeners are registered using Location#onUrlChange.

PR Close #37404
2020-06-04 16:45:06 -07:00
b5d1c8b05a docs: fix various typos (#37443)
This change just fixes various typos and misspellings across several docs.

I've included also a fix for an issue surfaced via #37423.

Closes #37423

PR Close #37443
2020-06-04 16:03:55 -07:00
d713e33cc4 style(dev-infra): correct tslint failures in dev-infra directory (#37233)
Fixes tslint failures in dev-infra directory as the directory is now
part of the tslint enforced files.

PR Close #37233
2020-06-04 12:44:46 -07:00
3d327d25f0 build: add dev-infra to tslint selected files (#37233)
Adds the dev-infra files to the scope of files on which tslint is
enforced.  This will allow for better code management/conformance.

PR Close #37233
2020-06-04 12:44:46 -07:00
077283bf0f fix(dev-infra): clean up usages within pullapprove tooling (#37338)
Clean up pullapprove tooling to use newly created common utils.
Additionally, use newly created logging levels rather than
verbose flagging.

PR Close #37338
2020-06-04 12:43:45 -07:00
9ec25ea036 refactor(dev-infra): change required base commit sha (#37424)
Update the commit sha to require that PRs have been rebased beyond the one which has new header requirements so we don't get failures after merging

PR Close #37424
2020-06-04 10:44:14 -07:00
878cfe669c fix(dev-infra): properly determine oauth scopes for git client token (#37439)
We recently added a better reporting mechanism for oauth tokens
in the dev-infra git util. Unfortunately the logic broke as part
of addressing PR review feedback. Right now, always the empty
promise from `oauthScopes` will be used as `getAuthScopes` considers
it as the already-requested API value. This is not the case as
the default promise is also truthy. We should just fix this by making
the property nullable.

PR Close #37439
2020-06-04 10:42:53 -07:00
5f0be3cb2e feat(dev-infra): Add oauth scope check to ensure necessary permissions for merge tooling (#37421)
Adds an assertion that the provided TOKEN has OAuth scope permissions for `repo`
as this is required for all merge attempts.

On failure, provides detailed error message with remediation steps for the user.

PR Close #37421
2020-06-04 09:35:59 -07:00
9e28e14c08 fix(dev-infra): ensure ts-node is registered with commonjs as module (#37422)
We recently added support for automatic registration of `ts-node`
when the dev-infra configuration is loaded.

In addition to registering ts-node, we should also ensure that the
`commonjs` module is set up. By default, `ts-node` would use ES module
imports that are not supported by default in NodeJS.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:33 -07:00
954d002884 feat(dev-infra): migrate release tool to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the release tool in ng-dev to use new logging system rather
than directly calling console.* to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
0a48591e53 feat(dev-infra): migrate ts-circular-dependencies tool to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the ts-circular-dependencies tool in ng-dev to use new logging system rather
than directly calling console.* to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
d37c723951 feat(dev-infra): migrate merge tool to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the merge tool in ng-dev to use new logging system rather
than directly calling console.* to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
9078ca557e feat(dev-infra): migrate ng-dev utils to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the ng-dev utils to use new logging system rather
than directly calling console.* to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
2be1ef6ba0 feat(dev-infra): migrate pullapprove tool to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the pullapprove tool in ng-dev to use new logging system rather
than directly calling console.* to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
47c02efccb feat(dev-infra): migrate rebase tool to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the rebase tool in ng-dev to use new logging system rather
than directly calling console.*  to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
d7ecfb432a feat(dev-infra): migrate discover-new-conflicts tool to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the discover-new-conflicts tool in ng-dev to use new logging system
rather than directly calling console.* to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
59abf4a33f feat(dev-infra): migrate commit-message tool to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the commit-message tool in ng-dev to use new logging system rather
than directly calling console.* to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
d6e715e726 feat(dev-infra): migrate format tool to use new logging system (#37422)
Migrate the formatting tool in ng-dev to use new logging system rather
than directly calling console.* to create a better experience
for users.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:32 -07:00
fcfcd1037c feat(dev-infra): add group functions to logging system and remove color param (#37422)
Adds .group and .groupEnd functions to each of the logging functions
to allow creating groups in the logged output.  Additionally removes
the color parameter from logging functions, in favor of the color
being applied to the string at the call site.

PR Close #37422
2020-06-04 09:34:31 -07:00
f3ccd29e7b feat(ngcc): implement a program-based entry-point finder (#37075)
This finder is designed to only process entry-points that are reachable
by the program defined by a tsconfig.json file.

It is triggered by calling `mainNgcc()` with the `findEntryPointsFromTsConfigProgram`
option set to true. It is ignored if a `targetEntryPointPath` has been
provided as well.

It is triggered from the command line by adding the `--use-program-dependencies`
option, which is also ignored if the `--target` option has been provided.

Using this option can speed up processing in cases where there is a large
number of dependencies installed but only a small proportion of the
entry-points are actually imported into the application.

PR Close #37075
2020-06-04 09:22:40 -07:00
5c0bdae809 fix(ngcc): capture dynamic import expressions as well as declarations (#37075)
Previously we only checked for static import declaration statements.
This commit also finds import paths from dynamic import expressions.

Also this commit should speed up processing: Previously we were parsing
the source code contents into a `ts.SourceFile` and then walking the parsed
AST to find import paths.
Generating an AST is unnecessary work and it is faster and creates less
memory pressure to just scan the source code contents with the TypeScript
scanner, identifying import paths from the tokens.

PR Close #37075
2020-06-04 09:22:40 -07:00
838902556b refactor(ngcc): move shared code into DependencyHostBase (#37075)
The various dependency hosts had a lot of duplicated code.
This commit refactors them to move this into the base class.

PR Close #37075
2020-06-04 09:22:40 -07:00
c6872c02d8 fix(ngcc): ensure that more dependencies are found by EsmDependencyHost (#37075)
Previously this host was skipping files if they had imports that spanned
multiple lines, or if the import was a dynamic import expression.

PR Close #37075
2020-06-04 09:22:40 -07:00
819982ea20 docs: add blank line before header (#37391)
Currently, `Formatting your source code` is not being formatted as a header because of a missing empty line.
PR Close #37391
2020-06-04 09:20:26 -07:00
f9daa136c3 perf(ngcc): cache parsed tsconfig between runs (#37417)
This commit will store a cached copy of the parsed tsconfig
that can be reused if the tsconfig path is the same.

This will improve the ngcc "noop" case, where there is no processing
to do, when the entry-points have already been processed.
Previously we were parsing this config every time we checked for
entry-points to process, which can take up to seconds in some
cases.

Resolves #36882

PR Close #37417
2020-06-04 09:19:38 -07:00
6a0d2ed6c8 ci(docs-infra): skip deploying RC version when lexicographically smaller than stable (#37426)
The angular.io production deployment script (`deploy-to-firebase.sh`)
compares the major version corresponding to the current branch (e.g.
`8` for branch `8.1.x`) against the major stable version (e.g. `9` if
the current stable version is `9.1.0`). It then uses the result of that
comparison to determine whether the current branch corresponds to a
newer version than stable (i.e. an RC version) and thus should not be
deployed or to an older version and thus may need to be deployed to an
archive vX.angular.io project.

Previously, the script was using string comparison (`<`) to compare the
two major versions. This could produce incorrect results for an RC major
version that is numerically greater than the stable but
lexicographically smaller. For example, 10 vs 9 (10 is numerically
greater but lexicographically smaller than 9).
Example of a CI job that incorrectly tried to deploy an RC branch to
production: https://circleci.com/gh/angular/angular/726414

This commit fixes it by switching to an integer comparison (i.e. using
the `-lt` operator).

PR Close #37426
2020-06-04 09:17:29 -07:00
2c1f35e794 fix(language-service): Recover from error in analyzing Ng Modules (#37108)
In place of failing to return analyzed Ng Modules when the analyzer
fails, return the previously-analyzed Ng Modules (which may be empty)
and log an error.

Closes https://github.com/angular/vscode-ng-language-service/issues/777

PR Close #37108
2020-06-03 15:56:19 -07:00
5345e8da45 docs: update the stackblitz in the GitHub Issue template (#37219)
This commit updates the bug report stackblitz template for opening a new
issue based on the current angular release.

Closes #37063

PR Close #37219
2020-06-03 15:55:44 -07:00
e35269dd87 docs: update file header to be correct (#37425)
The file header should be Google LLC rather than Google Inc. because it is now an LLC after Alphabet Holdings was formed.

PR Close #37425
2020-06-03 15:31:29 -07:00
60a03b7ef7 refactor(compiler-cli): extract NgCompilerAdapter interface (#37118)
`NgCompiler` is the heart of ngtsc and can be used to analyze and compile
Angular programs in a variety of environments. Most of these integrations
rely on `NgProgram` and the creation of an `NgCompilerHost` in order to
create a `ts.Program` with the right shape for `NgCompiler`.

However, certain environments (such as the Angular Language Service) have
their own mechanisms for creating `ts.Program`s that don't make use of a
`ts.CompilerHost`. In such environments, an `NgCompilerHost` does not make
sense.

This commit breaks the dependency of `NgCompiler` on `NgCompilerHost` and
extracts the specific interface of the host on which `NgCompiler` depends
into a new interface, `NgCompilerAdapter`. This interface includes methods
from `ts.CompilerHost`, the `ExtendedTsCompilerHost`, as well as APIs from
`NgCompilerHost`.

A consumer such as the language service can implement this API without
needing to jump through hoops to create an `NgCompilerHost` implementation
that somehow wraps its specific environment.

PR Close #37118
2020-06-03 13:29:45 -07:00
305b5a3887 fix(compiler-cli): use ModuleWithProviders type if static eval fails (#37126)
When the compiler encounters a function call within an NgModule imports
section, it attempts to resolve it to an NgModule-annotated class by
looking at the function body and evaluating the statements there. This
evaluation can only understand simple functions which have a single
return statement as their body. If the function the user writes is more
complex than that, the compiler won't be able to understand it and
previously the PartialEvaluator would return a "DynamicValue" for
that import.

With this change, in the event the function body resolution fails the
PartialEvaluator will now attempt to use its foreign function resolvers to
determine the correct result from the function's type signtaure instead. If
the function is annotated with a correct ModuleWithProviders type, the
compiler will be able to understand the import without static analysis of
the function body.

PR Close #37126
2020-06-03 13:23:16 -07:00
bc549361d3 fix(core): infinite loop if injectable using inheritance has a custom decorator (#37022)
If we detect that an injectable class is inheriting from another injectable, we generate code that looks something like this:

```
const baseFactory = ɵɵgetInheritedFactory(Child);

@Injectable()
class Parent {}

@Injectable()
class Child extends Parent {
  static ɵfac = (t) => baseFactory(t || Child)
}
```

This usually works fine, because the `ɵɵgetInheritedFactory` resolves to the factory of `Parent`, but the logic can break down if the `Child` class has a custom decorator. Custom decorators can return a new class that extends the original once, which means that the `ɵɵgetInheritedFactory` call will now resolve to the factory of the `Child`, causing an infinite loop.

These changes fix the issue by changing the inherited factory resolution logic so that it walks up the prototype chain class-by-class, while skipping classes that have the same factory as the class that was passed in.

Fixes #35733.

PR Close #37022
2020-06-03 13:16:26 -07:00
084b627f2e refactor(dev-infra): small changes and fixes (#36800)
Rename bazel workspace from npm_dev_infra to npm_angular_dev_infra_private to make it clear that this package is private to angular.
Change driver-utilities module_name to match the new bazel workspace name.
Correct a comment by rewording it from "deployed version" to "published version".
Fix merge conflicts in tmpl-package.json
Make "//packages/bazel/src:esm5.bzl" replacement more generalized so that importing from "//packages/bazel" works.
Deleted "dev_infra/*" path from modules/benchmarks tsconfig.
Moved //dev-infra/benchmark/browsers to //dev-infra/browsers.

PR Close #36800
2020-06-03 13:12:31 -07:00
6755d00601 revert: "revert: "build(core): use dev-infra's component_benchmark to show PoC (#36434)" (#36798)" (#36800)
This reverts commit 90a2796a7e.

PR Close #36800
2020-06-03 13:12:31 -07:00
cba1da3e44 revert: "revert: "build(dev-infra): update package.json and :npm_package (#36434)" (#36798)" (#36800)
This reverts commit f5ff2068a4.

PR Close #36800
2020-06-03 13:12:31 -07:00
7be8bb1489 revert: "revert: "feat(dev-infra): exposed new rule 'component_benchmark' via dev_infra (#36434)" (#36798)" (#36800)
This reverts commit ad8c4cdd75.

PR Close #36800
2020-06-03 13:12:31 -07:00
c7c0c1f626 refactor(forms): use a type guard to get rid of casts (#32541)
Use an explicit type guard when checking if a given object is of type AbstractControlOptions,
instead of a simple function returning a boolean value. This allows us to remove manual type
casting when using this function, relying instead on TypeScript to infer correct types.

PR Close #32541
2020-06-03 12:29:26 -07:00
3aa4629f92 docs: refactor template-driven forms doc as a tutorial (#36732)
rework content to meet current documentation standards and conventions, structure as tutorial document type

PR Close #36732
2020-06-03 12:27:28 -07:00
2d86dbb090 docs: update aio in support for #BlackLivesMatter (#37409)
Update angular.io in support for #BlackLivesMatter. The PR updates the
styles of the landing page and changes the current survey notification.

PR Close #37409
2020-06-03 11:20:57 -07:00
91767ff0f9 ci: temporarily disable Android 10 browser unit tests on Saucelabs (#37399)
Disabling Android 10 browser unit tests on Saucelabs due to errors.

After remediation from Saucelabs to correct the discovered failures, this change can be reverted to renable the tests on Android 10.

Example of failures seen:

```
02 06 2020 14:03:05.048:INFO [SaucelabsLauncher]: Chrome 10.0 (Android) session at https://saucelabs.com/tests/54f5fb181db644a3b4779187c2309000

02 06 2020 14:03:06.869:INFO [Chrome Mobile 74.0.3729 (Android 0.0.0)]: Disconnected browser returned on socket E-bi0p0NKtghk-HcAAAO with id 85563367.

Chrome Mobile 74.0.3729 (Android 0.0.0) ERROR: Error: XHR error loading http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/node_modules/rxjs/internal/operators/zip.js

	Error loading http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/node_modules/rxjs/internal/operators/zip.js as "../internal/operators/zip" from http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/node_modules/rxjs/operators/index.js

Error: XHR error loading http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/node_modules/rxjs/internal/operators/zip.js

    at error (http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js?1c6a6c12fec50a8db7aeebe8e06e2b70135c0615:1028:16)

    at XMLHttpRequest.xhr.onreadystatechange [as __zone_symbol__ON_PROPERTYreadystatechange] (http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js?1c6a6c12fec50a8db7aeebe8e06e2b70135c0615:1036:13)

    at XMLHttpRequest.wrapFn (http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/dist/zone.js?942d01da94828e1c75e8527fa8d06f363d6379ce:809:43)

    at ZoneDelegate.invokeTask (http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/dist/zone.js?942d01da94828e1c75e8527fa8d06f363d6379ce:432:35)

    at Zone.runTask (http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/dist/zone.js?942d01da94828e1c75e8527fa8d06f363d6379ce:201:55)

    at ZoneTask.invokeTask [as invoke] (http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/dist/zone.js?942d01da94828e1c75e8527fa8d06f363d6379ce:514:38)

    at invokeTask (http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/dist/zone.js?942d01da94828e1c75e8527fa8d06f363d6379ce:1722:18)

    at XMLHttpRequest.globalZoneAwareCallback (http://angular-ci.local:9876/base/dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/dist/zone.js?942d01da94828e1c75e8527fa8d06f363d6379ce:1748:21)
```

PR Close #37399
2020-06-02 17:32:34 -04:00
078b004ecc docs(core): remove v10 mention from @Injectable warning (#37383)
In v9, we started showing a console warning when
instantiating a token that inherited its @Injectable
decorator rather than providing its own. This warning
said that the pattern would become an error in v10.

However, we have decided to wait until at least v11
to throw in this case, so this commit updates the
warning to be less prescriptive about the exact
version when the pattern will no longer be supported.

PR Close #37383
2020-06-02 17:30:58 -04:00
930d204d83 perf(ngcc): allow immediately reporting a stale lock file (#37250)
Currently, if an ngcc process is killed in a manner that it doesn't clean
up its lock file (or is killed too quickly) the compiler reports that it
is waiting on the PID of a process that doesn't exist, and that it will
wait up to a maximum of N seconds. This PR updates the locking code to
additionally check if the process exists, and if it does not it will
immediately bail out, and print the location of the lock file so a user
may clean it up.

PR Close #37250
2020-06-02 17:30:03 -04:00
8d82cdfc77 docs: refactor forms overview (#36919)
Reorganize and edit content of existing form overview to conform to current doc standards and styles

PR Close #36919
2020-06-02 17:29:15 -04:00
cb6996b5c3 build: fix integration payload sizes 2020-06-02 12:06:52 -07:00
a4f7740332 docs(router): fix a typo in example code (#37309)
The code in the example docs used TestBed.configureTestModule instead of TestBed.configureTestingModule.

PR Close #37309
2020-06-01 17:19:46 -04:00
ba0faa2f77 refactor(core): remove looseIdentical in favor of built-in Object.is (#37191)
Remove `looseIdentical` implementation and instead use the ES2015 `Object.is` in its place.
They behave exactly the same way except for `+0`/`-0`.
`looseIdentical(+0, -0)` => `true`
`Object.is(+0, -0)` => `false`

Other than the difference noted above, this is not be a breaking change because:
1. `looseIdentical` is a private API
2. ES2015 is listed as a mandatory polyfill in the [browser support
guide](https://angular.io/guide/browser-support#mandatory-polyfills)
3. Also note that `Ivy` already uses `Object.is` in `bindingUpdated`.

PR Close #37191
2020-06-01 17:19:17 -04:00
3e68029522 test(language-service): disable ivy ls tests on CI (#37348)
This commit disables the tests for Ivy version of language service on CI
because the compiler APIs are not yet stable, so language service should
not assert against its behavipr.

PR Close #37348
2020-06-01 17:18:51 -04:00
b4e26b5828 fix(ngcc): do not inline source-maps for non-inline typings source-maps (#37363)
Inline source-maps in typings files can impact IDE performance
so ngcc should only add such maps if the original typings file
contains inline source-maps.

Fixes #37324

PR Close #37363
2020-06-01 17:18:31 -04:00
15cf7fcac2 docs(core): fix typo in decorators.ts relating to the use of Object.defineProperty. (#37369)
Previously there was a typo in a comment within the PropDecorator function relating to and justifying the use of Object.defineProperty. This PR clears up the wording that comment

PR Close #37369
2020-06-01 17:18:08 -04:00
24ff0eb13b docs: fix typo in deprecations (#37379)
This PR fixes a typo in the deprecations guide, changing 'dropped support for of Windows 10...' to 'dropped support for Windows 10...'

PR Close #37379
2020-06-01 17:17:44 -04:00
cf86f72eb7 release: cut the v10.0.0-rc.2 release 2020-06-01 10:51:58 -07:00
61486f14f1 build: remove wombot proxy registry from package.jsons for release (#37378)
Due to an outage with the proxy we rely on for publishing, we need
to temporarily directly publish to NPM using our own angular
credentials again.

PR Close #37378
2020-06-01 12:41:19 -04:00
d16a7f3ecc fix(core): reenable decorator downleveling for Angular npm packages (#37317)
In #37221 we disabled tsickle passes from transforming the tsc output that is used to publish all
Angular framework and components packages (@angular/*).

This change however revealed a bug in the ngc that caused __decorate and __metadata calls to still
be emitted in the JS code even though we don't depend on them.

Additionally it was these calls that caused code in @angular/material packages to fail at runtime
due to circular dependency in the emitted decorator code documeted as
https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/27519.

This change partially rolls back #37221 by reenabling the decorator to static fields (static
properties) downleveling.

This is just a temporary workaround while we are also fixing root cause in `ngc` - tracked as
FW-2199.

Resolves FW-2198.
Related to FW-2196

PR Close #37317
2020-05-29 18:52:01 -04:00
82761ec50e docs: Mention Bazel builder and schematics in Deprecations section (#37190)
This commit adds Bazel builder and schematics to the global list of
deprecations in Angular. A link to the migration doc is added.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:41 -04:00
235bfa77a9 docs(bazel): Mention Architect prototype and Slack Channel (#37190)
This commit adds a link to the Bazel prototype for orchestrating
multiple CLI architects and also adds a link to the #angular channel in
the Bazel Slack workspace.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:41 -04:00
299ae1bb1c docs: Cleanup Bazel schematics deprecation doc (#37190)
This commit improves some wording in the deprecation doc for Bazel
builder and schematics in `@angular/bazel` and fixes the formatting.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:41 -04:00
80f7522dab refactor(bazel): Remove schematics and builder from package.json (#37190)
This commit removes the fields for ng-add, schematics and builder from
package.json of `@angular/bazel`.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:41 -04:00
028921e369 docs: Add guide/bazel to Service Worker navigationUrls (#37190)
This commit adds an exception for "guide/bazel" to the navigationUrls in
the Service Worker config. This is needed for redirection to work.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:41 -04:00
a4e11bb524 docs: Redirect /guide/bazel to deprecation doc in Angular repo (#37190)
This commit adds a 301 redirect for /guide/bazel on angular.io to the
deprecation doc for Angular Bazel schematics in Angular repo.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:41 -04:00
a4131752d2 test: remove Bazel schematics integration test (#37190)
This commit removes the integration test for schematics in
`@angular/bazel` that is used to generate a Bazel builder. The Bazel
builder has been deprecated.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:40 -04:00
060dcfbba1 ci: Remove aio/content/guide/bazel.md from pullapprove (#37190)
This commit removes aio/content/guide/bazel.md from the Bazel list in
pullapprove since Bazel builder has been deprecated and the doc has been
deleted.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:40 -04:00
4be7008f80 docs: Remove 'Building with Bazel' section (#37190)
This commit removes "Building with Bazel" section from angular.io
navigation list and Angular CLI landing page.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:40 -04:00
4a0d05515e refactor(bazel): Remove Schematics for Bazel Builder (#37190)
This commit removes `ng-add` and `ng-new` schematics for the Bazel
Builder, and update the corresponding BUILD files.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:40 -04:00
83ab99c746 docs: Remove Bazel builder from @angular/bazel (#37190)
This commit adds a deprecation doc for Bazel builder in
`@angular/bazel` and removes the corresponding guide in angular.io.

PR Close #37190
2020-05-28 21:35:40 -04:00
270da1f69f build(docs-infra): upgrade cli command docs sources to 14af4e07c (#37310)
Updating [angular#10.0.x](https://github.com/angular/angular/tree/10.0.x) from [cli-builds#10.0.x](https://github.com/angular/cli-builds/tree/10.0.x).

##
Relevant changes in [commit range](200a21f8a...14af4e07c):

**Modified**
- help/generate.json

PR Close #37310
2020-05-28 18:43:44 -04:00
6b0e46e36c docs: fix typo in committer.md (#37171)
Fix a type of COMMITTER.md, the url of the pullapprove service should be https://docs.pullapprove.com/,
now the document has an additional `https` prefix.

PR Close #37171
2020-05-28 18:43:05 -04:00
3642707145 build: use static patch value for targetting branches in merge config (#37299)
Due to the desired patch branch (10.0.x) being on a semver version
that is unreleased as stable (there is no 10.0.0 on latest, it is on
next) our logic for determining target patch branches does not work.

This change is a workaround to unblock merging in the repo while a
longer term answer is discovered.

PR Close #37299
2020-05-28 15:18:20 -07:00
0ea76edfd8 build: migrate ng-dev config to .ng-dev directory (#37299)
Migrate to using .ng-dev directory for ng-dev configuration to allow
better management of the configuration using multiple files.  The
intention is to prevent the config file from becoming unruly.

PR Close #37299
2020-05-28 15:18:20 -07:00
d493a83b2b docs(platform-server): fix renderModule usage guidance with Ivy (#37296)
Before the introduction of the Ivy renderer, users would compile
their applications and use the resulting factories for SSR, since
these post-compilation artifacts ensured faster delivery. Thus,
using the original module as the rendering entrypoint was
considered suboptimal and was discouraged.

However, with the introduction of Ivy, this guidance is no longer
applicable since these factories are no longer generated.
Comparable speed is achieved using the factory-less module
renderer, and so we update the guiance in the docs for the method.

PR Close #37296
2020-05-28 16:07:32 -04:00
f1721d5cef build: update requiredBaseCommit for patch branch merges (#37316)
Updates the requiredBaseCommit for merging to patch branch to the
latest commit message validation fix found in the 10.0.x branch.

Previously, the patch branch commit used was for the 9.1.x branch.

PR Close #37316
2020-05-28 16:06:08 -04:00
5b3fd6aa82 docs: add IE mobile to deprecated browsers (#37313)
Mobile versions of IE should also be deprecated, as the same reasons for deprecating IE 9 and 10 apply.

PR Close #37313
2020-05-27 17:23:18 -04:00
6f829180f7 build: update license headers to reference Google LLC (#37205)
Update the license headers throughout the repository to reference Google LLC
rather than Google Inc, for the required license headers.

PR Close #37205
2020-05-26 14:27:01 -04:00
27b95ba64a build: Update file-header lint rule to Google LLC (#37205)
Update the file-header lint rule to properly reference Google LLC
rather than Google Inc, for the required headers.

PR Close #37205
2020-05-26 14:27:01 -04:00
ef405b1e90 build: deprecate old merge script (#37247)
Deprecate the old merge script as it no longer correctly chooses
the patch branch due to relying on numerical sorting order from
git.  Git actually provides a lexicographical sorting order.  This
that 9.0.x will be chosen rather than 10.0.x as it is sorted based
the 9 vs 1, rather than 9 vs 10.

PR Close #37247
2020-05-26 14:25:44 -04:00
441073bad5 feat(dev-infra): expose script for determining merge branches (#37217)
The components repo and framework repository follow the same patch
branch concept. We should be able to share a script for determining
these merge branches.

Additonally the logic has been improved compared to the old merge script because
we no longer consult `git ls-remote` unless really needed. Currently,
`git ls-remote` is always consulted, even though not necessarily needed.

This can slow down the merge script and the caretaker process when a
couple of PRs are merged (personally saw around ~4 seconds per merge).

Additionally, the new logic is more strict and will ensure (in most
cases) that no wrong patch/minor branch is determined. Previously,
the script just used the lexicographically greatest patch branch.
This _could_ be wrong when a new patch branch has been created too
early, or by accident.

PR Close #37217
2020-05-21 10:38:19 -07:00
2026 changed files with 60775 additions and 73309 deletions

View File

@ -19,12 +19,4 @@ build --local_ram_resources=14336
# All build executed remotely should be done using our RBE configuration.
build:remote --google_default_credentials
# Upload to GCP's Build Status viewer to allow for us to have better viewing of execution/build
# logs. This is only done on CI as the BES (GCP's Build Status viewer) API requires credentials
# from service accounts, rather than end user accounts.
build:remote --bes_backend=buildeventservice.googleapis.com
build:remote --bes_timeout=30s
build:remote --bes_results_url="https://source.cloud.google.com/results/invocations/"
build --config=remote

View File

@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ var_4_win: &cache_key_win_fallback v7-angular-win-node-12-{{ checksum ".bazelver
# Cache key for the `components-repo-unit-tests` job. **Note** when updating the SHA in the
# cache keys also update the SHA for the "COMPONENTS_REPO_COMMIT" environment variable.
var_5: &components_repo_unit_tests_cache_key v7-angular-components-f428c00465dfcf8a020237f22532480eedbd2cb6
var_5: &components_repo_unit_tests_cache_key v7-angular-components-189d98e8b01b33974328255f085de04251d61567
var_6: &components_repo_unit_tests_cache_key_fallback v7-angular-components-
# Workspace initially persisted by the `setup` job, and then enhanced by `build-npm-packages` and
@ -731,8 +731,8 @@ jobs:
- run: yarn --cwd packages/zone.js promisetest
- run: yarn --cwd packages/zone.js promisefinallytest
- run: yarn bazel build //packages/zone.js:npm_package &&
cp dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/bundles/zone-mix.umd.js ./packages/zone.js/test/extra/ &&
cp dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/bundles/zone-patch-electron.umd.js ./packages/zone.js/test/extra/ &&
cp dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/dist/zone-mix.js ./packages/zone.js/test/extra/ &&
cp dist/bin/packages/zone.js/npm_package/dist/zone-patch-electron.js ./packages/zone.js/test/extra/ &&
yarn --cwd packages/zone.js electrontest
- run: yarn --cwd packages/zone.js jesttest

View File

@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ setPublicVar COMPONENTS_REPO_TMP_DIR "/tmp/angular-components-repo"
setPublicVar COMPONENTS_REPO_URL "https://github.com/angular/components.git"
setPublicVar COMPONENTS_REPO_BRANCH "master"
# **NOTE**: When updating the commit SHA, also update the cache key in the CircleCI `config.yml`.
setPublicVar COMPONENTS_REPO_COMMIT "f428c00465dfcf8a020237f22532480eedbd2cb6"
setPublicVar COMPONENTS_REPO_COMMIT "189d98e8b01b33974328255f085de04251d61567"
####################################################################################################

View File

@ -60,15 +60,14 @@ if (require.resolve === module) {
// Helpers
function _main(args) {
triggerWebhook(...args)
.then(
({statusCode, responseText}) => (200 <= statusCode && statusCode < 400) ?
console.log(`Status: ${statusCode}\n${responseText}`) :
Promise.reject(new Error(`Request failed (status: ${statusCode}): ${responseText}`)))
.catch(err => {
console.error(err);
process.exit(1);
});
triggerWebhook(...args).
then(({statusCode, responseText}) => (200 <= statusCode && statusCode < 400) ?
console.log(`Status: ${statusCode}\n${responseText}`) :
Promise.reject(new Error(`Request failed (status: ${statusCode}): ${responseText}`))).
catch(err => {
console.error(err);
process.exit(1);
});
}
function postJson(url, data) {
@ -78,12 +77,15 @@ function postJson(url, data) {
const statusCode = res.statusCode || -1;
let responseText = '';
res.on('error', reject)
.on('data', d => responseText += d)
.on('end', () => resolve({statusCode, responseText}));
res.
on('error', reject).
on('data', d => responseText += d).
on('end', () => resolve({statusCode, responseText}));
};
request(url, opts, onResponse).on('error', reject).end(JSON.stringify(data));
request(url, opts, onResponse).
on('error', reject).
end(JSON.stringify(data));
});
}

69
.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/1-bug-report.md vendored Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
---
name: "\U0001F41EBug report"
about: Report a bug in the Angular Framework
---
<!--🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅
Oh hi there! 😄
To expedite issue processing please search open and closed issues before submitting a new one.
Existing issues often contain information about workarounds, resolution, or progress updates.
🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅-->
# 🐞 bug report
### Affected Package
<!-- Can you pin-point one or more @angular/* packages as the source of the bug? -->
<!-- ✍edit: --> The issue is caused by package @angular/....
### Is this a regression?
<!-- Did this behavior use to work in the previous version? -->
<!-- ✍️--> Yes, the previous version in which this bug was not present was: ....
### Description
<!-- ✍️--> A clear and concise description of the problem...
## 🔬 Minimal Reproduction
<!--
Please create and share minimal reproduction of the issue starting with this template: https://stackblitz.com/fork/angular-ivy
-->
<!-- ✍️--> https://stackblitz.com/...
<!--
If StackBlitz is not suitable for reproduction of your issue, please create a minimal GitHub repository with the reproduction of the issue.
A good way to make a minimal reproduction is to create a new app via `ng new repro-app` and add the minimum possible code to show the problem.
Share the link to the repo below along with step-by-step instructions to reproduce the problem, as well as expected and actual behavior.
Issues that don't have enough info and can't be reproduced will be closed.
You can read more about issue submission guidelines here: https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#-submitting-an-issue
-->
## 🔥 Exception or Error
<pre><code>
<!-- If the issue is accompanied by an exception or an error, please share it below: -->
<!-- ✍️-->
</code></pre>
## 🌍 Your Environment
**Angular Version:**
<pre><code>
<!-- run `ng version` and paste output below -->
<!-- ✍️-->
</code></pre>
**Anything else relevant?**
<!-- ✍Is this a browser specific issue? If so, please specify the browser and version. -->
<!-- ✍Do any of these matter: operating system, IDE, package manager, HTTP server, ...? If so, please mention it below. -->

View File

@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
---
name: "\U0001F680Feature request"
about: Suggest a feature for Angular Framework
---
<!--🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅
Oh hi there! 😄
To expedite issue processing please search open and closed issues before submitting a new one.
Existing issues often contain information about workarounds, resolution, or progress updates.
🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅-->
# 🚀 feature request
### Relevant Package
<!-- Can you pin-point one or more @angular/* packages the are relevant for this feature request? -->
<!-- ✍edit: --> This feature request is for @angular/....
### Description
<!-- ✍️--> A clear and concise description of the problem or missing capability...
### Describe the solution you'd like
<!-- ✍️--> If you have a solution in mind, please describe it.
### Describe alternatives you've considered
<!-- ✍️--> Have you considered any alternative solutions or workarounds?

55
.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/3-docs-bug.md vendored Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
---
name: "📚 Docs or angular.io issue report"
about: Report an issue in Angular's documentation or angular.io application
---
<!--🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅
Oh hi there! 😄
To expedite issue processing please search open and closed issues before submitting a new one.
Existing issues often contain information about workarounds, resolution, or progress updates.
🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅-->
# 📚 Docs or angular.io bug report
### Description
<!-- ✍edit:--> A clear and concise description of the problem...
## 🔬 Minimal Reproduction
### What's the affected URL?**
<!-- ✍edit:--> https://angular.io/...
### Reproduction Steps**
<!-- If applicable please list the steps to take to reproduce the issue -->
<!-- ✍edit:-->
### Expected vs Actual Behavior**
<!-- If applicable please describe the difference between the expected and actual behavior after following the repro steps. -->
<!-- ✍edit:-->
## 📷Screenshot
<!-- Often a screenshot can help to capture the issue better than a long description. -->
<!-- ✍upload a screenshot:-->
## 🔥 Exception or Error
<pre><code>
<!-- If the issue is accompanied by an exception or an error, please share it below: -->
<!-- ✍️-->
</code></pre>
## 🌍 Your Environment
### Browser info
<!-- ✍Is this a browser specific issue? If so, please specify the device, browser, and version. -->
### Anything else relevant?
<!-- ✍Please provide additional info if necessary. -->

View File

@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
---
name: ⚠️ Security issue disclosure
about: Report a security issue in Angular Framework, Material, or CLI
---
🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑
Please read https://angular.io/guide/security#report-issues on how to disclose security related issues.
🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑

View File

@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
---
name: "❓Support request"
about: Questions and requests for support
---
🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑
Please do not file questions or support requests on the GitHub issues tracker.
You can get your questions answered using other communication channels. Please see:
https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#question
Thank you!
🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑

13
.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/6-angular-cli.md vendored Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
---
name: "\U0001F6E0Angular CLI"
about: Issues and feature requests for Angular CLI
---
🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑
Please file any Angular CLI issues at: https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/issues/new
For the time being, we keep Angular CLI issues in a separate repository.
🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑

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@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
---
name: "\U0001F48EAngular Components"
about: Issues and feature requests for Angular Components
---
🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑
Please file any Angular Components issues at: https://github.com/angular/components/issues/new
For the time being, we keep Angular Components issues in a separate repository.
🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑🛑

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@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
---
name: "📚Traducir doc al español"
about: Solicitud para traducir ciertos docs al español
---
📚Traducir: <!-- ✍️ editar: --> creating-libraries.md
<!--🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅
Traducción de la documentación oficial de Angular a español
🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅🔅-->
## Nombre del archivo:
<!-- ✍️ editar: --> creating-libraries.md
## Ruta donde se encuentra el archivo dentro del proyecto de Angular
<!-- ✍️ editar: --> https://github.com/angular-hispano/angular/blob/master/aio/content/guide/creating-libraries.md

View File

@ -1,35 +1,43 @@
## Lista de Verificación del PR
Comprueba si tu PR cumple los siguientes requisitos:
## PR Checklist
Please check if your PR fulfills the following requirements:
- [ ] El mensaje de commit conforme con [nuestras reglas](https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#commit)
- [ ] Prueba los cambios que agregaste (arreglo de bugs / funcionalidades)
- [ ] Revisa tus traducciones o cambios de contenido
- [ ] Consulté el [diccionario de términos](https://github.com/angular-hispano/angular/issues/9) en español
- [ ] Se han creado dos archivos con la extensión correspondiente(.en.md para el archivo en inglés y .md para el Archivo en español)
- [ ] PR enlazada con el issue correspondiente
- [ ] The commit message follows our guidelines: https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#commit
- [ ] Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features)
- [ ] Docs have been added / updated (for bug fixes / features)
## Tipo de PR
¿Qué tipo de cambio introduce este PR?
## PR Type
What kind of change does this PR introduce?
<!-- Marca con una "x" las opciones que aplican. -->
<!-- Please check the one that applies to this PR using "x". -->
- [ ] Bugfix
- [ ] Funcionalidad
- [ ] Actualizar el estilo del código (formato, variables locales)
- [ ] Refactorización (no cambios en la funcionalidad, no cambios en el api)
- [ ] Cambios relacionados al build
- [ ] Cambios relacionados al CI (Integración continua)
- [ ] Cambios en el contenido de la documentación
- [ ] Cambios en la aplicación / infrastructura de angular.io
- [ ] Otro... Por favor describela:
## ¿Cuál es el comportamiento actual?
<!-- Describe el comportamiento actual que está modificando o vincule a un problema relevante.
-->
- [ ] Feature
- [ ] Code style update (formatting, local variables)
- [ ] Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
- [ ] Build related changes
- [ ] CI related changes
- [ ] Documentation content changes
- [ ] angular.io application / infrastructure changes
- [ ] Other... Please describe:
## ¿Cuál es el nuevo comportamiento?
<!--
Ejemplo: Archivo en inglés traducido al español
-->
## What is the current behavior?
<!-- Please describe the current behavior that you are modifying, or link to a relevant issue. -->
Issue Number: N/A
## What is the new behavior?
## Does this PR introduce a breaking change?
- [ ] Yes
- [ ] No
<!-- If this PR contains a breaking change, please describe the impact and migration path for existing applications below. -->
## Other information

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@ -154,12 +154,6 @@ triage:
-
- "type: RFC / Discussion / question"
- "comp: *"
-
- "type: confusing"
- "comp: *"
-
- "type: use-case"
- "comp: *"
# options for the triage PR plugin
triagePR:

3
.gitignore vendored
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@ -42,6 +42,3 @@ yarn-error.log
.notes.md
baseline.json
# Ignore .history for the xyz.local-history VSCode extension
.history

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@ -1,145 +0,0 @@
<type>(<scope>): <summary>
<Describe the motivation behind this change - explain WHY you are making this change. Wrap all lines
at 100 characters.>
Fixes #<issue number>
# ────────────────────────────────────────── 100 chars ────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# Example Commit Messages
# =======================
# ─── Example: Simple refactor ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# refactor(core): rename refreshDynamicEmbeddedViews to refreshEmbeddedViews
#
# Improve code readability. The original name no longer matches how the function is used.
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# ─── Example: Simple docs change ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# docs: clarify the service limitation in providers.md guide
#
# Fixes #36332
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# ─── Example: A bug fix ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# fix(ngcc): ensure lockfile is removed when `analyzeFn` fails
#
# Previously an error thrown in the `analyzeFn` would cause the ngcc process to exit immediately
# without removing the lockfile, and potentially before the unlocker process had been successfully
# spawned resulting in the lockfile being orphaned and left behind.
#
# Now we catch these errors and remove the lockfile as needed.
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# ─── Example: Breaking change ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# feat(bazel): simplify ng_package by dropping esm5 and fesm5
#
# esm5 and fesm5 distributions are no longer needed and have been deprecated in the past.
#
# https://v9.angular.io/guide/deprecations#esm5-and-fesm5-code-formats-in-angular-npm-packages
#
# This commit modifies ng_package to no longer distribute these two formats in npm packages built by
# ng_package (e.g. @angular/core).
#
# This commit intentionally doesn't fully clean up the ng_package rule to remove all traces of esm5
# and fems5 build artifacts as that is a bigger cleanup and currently we are narrowing down the
# scope of this change to the MVP needed for v10, which in this case is 'do not put esm5 and fesm5'
# into the npm packages.
#
# More cleanup to follow: https://angular-team.atlassian.net/browse/FW-2143
#
# BREAKING CHANGE: esm5 and fesm5 format is no longer distributed in Angular's npm packages e.g.
# @angular/core
#
# Angular CLI will automatically downlevel the code to es5 if differential loading is enabled in the
# Angular project, so no action is required from Angular CLI users.
#
# If you are not using Angular CLI to build your application or library, and you need to be able to
# build es5 artifacts, then you will need to downlevel the distributed Angular code to es5 on your
# own.
#
#
# Fixes #1234
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
# Angular Commit Message Format
# =============================
#
# The full specification of the Angular Commit Message Format can be found at
# https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#commit
#
# The following is an excerpt of the specification with the most commonly needed info.
#
# Each commit message consists of a *header*, a *body*, and a *footer*.
#
# <header>
# <BLANK LINE>
# <body>
# <BLANK LINE>
# <footer>
#
# The header is mandatory.
#
# The body is mandatory for all commits except for those of scope "docs". When the body is required
# it must be at least 20 characters long.
#
# The footer is optional.
#
# Any line of the commit message cannot be longer than 100 characters.
#
#
# Commit Message Header
# ---------------------
#
# <type>(<scope>): <short summary>
# │ │ │
# │ │ └─⫸ Summary in present tense. Not capitalized. No period at the end.
# │ │
# │ └─⫸ Commit Scope: animations|bazel|benchpress|common|compiler|compiler-cli|core|
# │ elements|forms|http|language-service|localize|platform-browser|
# │ platform-browser-dynamic|platform-server|platform-webworker|
# │ platform-webworker-dynamic|router|service-worker|upgrade|zone.js|
# │ packaging|changelog|dev-infra|docs-infra|migrations|ngcc|ve
# │ https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#scope
# │
# └─⫸ Commit Type: build|ci|docs|feat|fix|perf|refactor|style|test
# https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#type
#
#
# Commit Message Body
# ---------------------
#
# Just as in the summary, use the imperative, present tense: "fix" not "fixed" nor "fixes".
#
# Explain the motivation for the change in the commit message body. This commit message should
# explain WHY you are making the change. You can include a comparison of the previous behavior with
# the new behavior in order to illustrate the impact of the change.
#
#
# Commit Message Footer
# ---------------------
#
# The footer can contain information about breaking changes and is also the place to reference
# GitHub issues, Jira tickets, and other PRs that this commit closes or is related to.
#
# ```
# BREAKING CHANGE: <breaking change summary>
# <BLANK LINE>
# <breaking change description + migration instructions>
# <BLANK LINE>
# <BLANK LINE>
# Fixes #<issue number>
# ```
#
# Breaking Change section should start with the phrase "BREAKING CHANGE: " followed by a summary of
# the breaking change, a blank line, and a detailed description of the breaking change that also
# includes migration instructions.
#

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@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
import {CommitMessageConfig} from '../dev-infra/commit-message/config';
/**
* The configuration for `ng-dev commit-message` commands.
*/
export const commitMessage: CommitMessageConfig = {
maxLineLength: 120,
minBodyLength: 20,
minBodyLengthTypeExcludes: ['docs'],
types: [
'build',
'ci',
'docs',
'feat',
'fix',
'perf',
'refactor',
'release',
'style',
'test',
],
scopes: [
'animations',
'bazel',
'benchpress',
'changelog',
'common',
'compiler',
'compiler-cli',
'core',
'dev-infra',
'docs-infra',
'elements',
'forms',
'http',
'language-service',
'localize',
'migrations',
'ngcc',
'packaging',
'platform-browser',
'platform-browser-dynamic',
'platform-server',
'platform-webworker',
'platform-webworker-dynamic',
'router',
'service-worker',
'upgrade',
've',
'zone.js',
]
};

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@ -1,8 +1,120 @@
import {commitMessage} from './commit-message';
import {format} from './format';
import {github} from './github';
import {merge} from './merge';
import {MergeConfig} from '../dev-infra/pr/merge/config';
// The configuration for `ng-dev commit-message` commands.
const commitMessage = {
'maxLength': 120,
'minBodyLength': 100,
'types': [
'build',
'ci',
'docs',
'feat',
'fix',
'perf',
'refactor',
'release',
'style',
'test',
],
'scopes': [
'animations',
'bazel',
'benchpress',
'changelog',
'common',
'compiler',
'compiler-cli',
'core',
'dev-infra',
'docs-infra',
'elements',
'forms',
'http',
'language-service',
'localize',
'ngcc',
'packaging',
'platform-browser',
'platform-browser-dynamic',
'platform-server',
'platform-webworker',
'platform-webworker-dynamic',
'router',
'service-worker',
'upgrade',
've',
'zone.js',
]
};
// The configuration for `ng-dev format` commands.
const format = {
'clang-format': {
'matchers': [
'dev-infra/**/*.{js,ts}',
'packages/**/*.{js,ts}',
'!packages/zone.js',
'!packages/common/locales/**/*.{js,ts}',
'!packages/common/src/i18n/available_locales.ts',
'!packages/common/src/i18n/currencies.ts',
'!packages/common/src/i18n/locale_en.ts',
'modules/benchmarks/**/*.{js,ts}',
'modules/playground/**/*.{js,ts}',
'tools/**/*.{js,ts}',
'!tools/gulp-tasks/cldr/extract.js',
'!tools/public_api_guard/**/*.d.ts',
'!tools/ts-api-guardian/test/fixtures/**',
'*.{js,ts}',
'!**/node_modules/**',
'!**/dist/**',
'!**/built/**',
'!shims_for_IE.js',
]
},
'buildifier': true
};
/** Github metadata information for `ng-dev` commands. */
const github = {
owner: 'angular',
name: 'angular',
};
// Configuration for the `ng-dev pr merge` command. The command can be used
// for merging upstream pull requests into branches based on a PR target label.
const merge = () => {
// TODO: resume dynamically determining patch branch
const patch = '10.0.x';
const config: MergeConfig = {
githubApiMerge: false,
claSignedLabel: 'cla: yes',
mergeReadyLabel: /^PR action: merge(-assistance)?/,
commitMessageFixupLabel: 'commit message fixup',
labels: [
{
pattern: 'PR target: master-only',
branches: ['master'],
},
{
pattern: 'PR target: patch-only',
branches: [patch],
},
{
pattern: 'PR target: master & patch',
branches: ['master', patch],
},
],
requiredBaseCommits: {
// PRs that target either `master` or the patch branch, need to be rebased
// on top of the latest commit message validation fix.
'master': '5aeb9a4124922d8ac08eb73b8f322905a32b0b3a',
[patch]: '27b95ba64a5d99757f4042073fd1860e20e3ed24'
},
};
return config;
};
// Export function to build ng-dev configuration object.
module.exports = {
commitMessage,
format,

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@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
import {FormatConfig} from '../dev-infra/format/config';
/**
* Configuration for the `ng-dev format` command.
*/
export const format: FormatConfig = {
'clang-format': {
'matchers': [
'**/*.{js,ts}',
// TODO: burn down format failures and remove aio and integration exceptions.
'!aio/**',
'!integration/**',
// Both third_party and .yarn are directories containing copied code which should
// not be modified.
'!third_party/**',
'!.yarn/**',
// Do not format d.ts files as they are generated
'!**/*.d.ts',
]
},
'buildifier': true
};

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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
# The file is inert unless it's explicitly included into the local git config via:
#
# ```
# git config --add include.path '../.ng-dev/gitconfig'
# ```
#
# Calling that command will append the following into `.git/config` of the current git workspace
# (i.e. $GIT_DIR, typically `angular/.git/config`):
#
# ```
# [include]
# path = ../.ng-dev/gitconfig
# ```
[commit]
template = .gitmessage

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@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
import {GithubConfig} from '../dev-infra/utils/config';
/**
* Github configuration for the `ng-dev` command. This repository is used as
* remote for the merge script and other utilities like `ng-dev pr rebase`.
*/
export const github: GithubConfig = {
owner: 'angular',
name: 'angular'
};

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@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
import {MergeConfig} from '../dev-infra/pr/merge/config';
/**
* Configuration for the merge tool in `ng-dev`. This sets up the labels which
* are respected by the merge script (e.g. the target labels).
*/
export const merge = (): MergeConfig => {
// TODO: resume dynamically determining patch branch
const patch = '10.0.x';
return {
githubApiMerge: false,
claSignedLabel: 'cla: yes',
mergeReadyLabel: /^PR action: merge(-assistance)?/,
caretakerNoteLabel: 'PR action: merge-assistance',
commitMessageFixupLabel: 'commit message fixup',
labels: [
{
pattern: 'PR target: master-only',
branches: ['master'],
},
{
pattern: 'PR target: patch-only',
branches: [patch],
},
{
pattern: 'PR target: master & patch',
branches: ['master', patch],
},
],
requiredBaseCommits: {
// PRs that target either `master` or the patch branch, need to be rebased
// on top of the latest commit message validation fix.
// These SHAs are the commits that update the required license text in the header.
'master': '5aeb9a4124922d8ac08eb73b8f322905a32b0b3a',
[patch]: '27b95ba64a5d99757f4042073fd1860e20e3ed24'
},
};
};

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@ -34,8 +34,41 @@
####################################################################################
# GitHub usernames
####################################################################################
# See reviewer list under `required-minimum-review` group. Team member names and
# usernames are managed there.
# aikidave - Dave Shevitz
# alan-agius4 - Alan Agius
# alxhub - Alex Rickabaugh
# AndrewKushnir - Andrew Kushnir
# andrewseguin - Andrew Seguin
# atscott - Andrew Scott
# ayazhafiz - Ayaz Hafiz
# clydin - Charles Lyding
# crisbeto - Kristiyan Kostadinov
# dennispbrown - Denny Brown
# devversion - Paul Gschwendtner
# dgp1130 - Doug Parker
# filipesilva - Filipe Silva
# gkalpak - Georgios Kalpakas
# gregmagolan - Greg Magolan
# IgorMinar - Igor Minar
# jbogarthyde - Judy Bogart
# jelbourn - Jeremy Elbourn
# JiaLiPassion - Jia Li
# JoostK - Joost Koehoorn
# josephperrott - Joey Perrott
# juleskremer - Jules Kremer
# kapunahelewong - Kapunahele Wong
# kara - Kara Erickson
# kyliau - Keen Yee Liau
# manughub - Manu Murthy
# matsko - Matias Niemela
# mgechev - Minko Gechev
# mhevery - Miško Hevery
# michaelprentice - Michael Prentice
# mmalerba - Miles Malerba
# petebacondarwin - Pete Bacon Darwin
# pkozlowski-opensource - Pawel Kozlowski
# robwormald - Rob Wormald
# StephenFluin - Stephen Fluin
####################################################################################
@ -67,16 +100,8 @@ version: 3
# Meta field that goes unused by PullApprove to allow for defining aliases to be
# used throughout the config.
meta:
can-be-global-approved: &can-be-global-approved "\"global-approvers\" not in groups.approved"
can-be-global-docs-approved: &can-be-global-docs-approved "\"global-docs-approvers\" not in groups.approved"
defaults: &defaults
reviews:
# Authors provide their approval implicitly, this approval allows for a reviewer
# from a group not to need a review specifically for an area of the repository
# they own. This is coupled with the `required-minimum-review` group which requires
# that all PRs are reviewed by at least one team member who is not the author of
# the PR.
author_value: 1
1: &can-be-global-approved "\"global-approvers\" not in groups.approved"
2: &can-be-global-docs-approved "\"global-docs-approvers\" not in groups.approved"
# turn on 'draft' support
# https://docs.pullapprove.com/config/github-api-version/
@ -132,62 +157,10 @@ groups:
required: 1
reviewed_for: required
# =========================================================
# Require review on all PRs
#
# All PRs require at least one review. This rule will not
# request any reviewers, however will require that at least
# one review is provided before the group is satisfied.
# =========================================================
required-minimum-review:
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
reviews:
request: 0 # Do not request any reviews from the reviewer group
required: 1 # Require that all PRs have approval from at least one of the users in the group
author_value: 0 # The author of the PR cannot provide an approval for themself
reviewers:
users:
- aikidave # Dave Shevitz
- alan-agius4 # Alan Agius
- alxhub # Alex Rickabaugh
- AndrewKushnir # Andrew Kushnir
- andrewseguin # Andrew Seguin
- atscott # Andrew Scott
- ayazhafiz # Ayaz Hafiz
- clydin # Charles Lyding
- crisbeto # Kristiyan Kostadinov
- dennispbrown # Denny Brown
- devversion # Paul Gschwendtner
- dgp1130 # Doug Parker
- filipesilva # Filipe Silva
- gkalpak # Georgios Kalpakas
- gregmagolan # Greg Magolan
- IgorMinar # Igor Minar
- jbogarthyde # Judy Bogart
- jelbourn # Jeremy Elbourn
- JiaLiPassion # Jia Li
- JoostK # Joost Koehoorn
- josephperrott # Joey Perrott
- juleskremer # Jules Kremer
- kapunahelewong # Kapunahele Wong
- kara # Kara Erickson
- kyliau # Keen Yee Liau
- manughub # Manu Murthy
- mgechev # Minko Gechev
- mhevery # Miško Hevery
- mmalerba # Miles Malerba
- petebacondarwin # Pete Bacon Darwin
- pkozlowski-opensource # Pawel Kozlowski
- Splaktar # Michael Prentice
- StephenFluin # Stephen Fluin
# =========================================================
# Framework: Animations
# =========================================================
fw-animations:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -205,16 +178,13 @@ groups:
])
reviewers:
users:
- crisbeto
- IgorMinar
- jelbourn
- matsko
# =========================================================
# Framework: Compiler
# =========================================================
fw-compiler:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -239,7 +209,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Compiler / ngcc
# =========================================================
fw-ngcc:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -256,7 +225,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Migrations
# =========================================================
fw-migrations:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -272,7 +240,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Core
# =========================================================
fw-core:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -316,7 +283,6 @@ groups:
'aio/content/images/guide/dependency-injection-in-action/**',
'aio/content/guide/dependency-injection-navtree.md',
'aio/content/guide/dependency-injection-providers.md',
'aio/content/guide/lightweight-injection-tokens.md',
'aio/content/guide/displaying-data.md',
'aio/content/examples/displaying-data/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/displaying-data/**',
@ -347,38 +313,26 @@ groups:
'aio/content/guide/ngmodule-vs-jsmodule.md',
'aio/content/guide/module-types.md',
'aio/content/guide/template-syntax.md',
'aio/content/guide/built-in-template-functions.md',
'aio/content/examples/built-in-template-functions/**',
'aio/content/guide/event-binding.md',
'aio/content/examples/event-binding/**',
'aio/content/guide/interpolation.md',
'aio/content/examples/interpolation/**',
'aio/content/examples/template-syntax/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/template-syntax/**',
'aio/content/guide/binding-syntax.md',
'aio/content/examples/binding-syntax/**',
'aio/content/guide/property-binding.md',
'aio/content/examples/property-binding/**',
'aio/content/guide/attribute-binding.md',
'aio/content/examples/attribute-binding/**',
'aio/content/guide/two-way-binding.md',
'aio/content/examples/two-way-binding/**',
'aio/content/guide/built-in-directives.md',
'aio/content/examples/built-in-directives/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/built-in-directives/**',
'aio/content/guide/template-reference-variables.md',
'aio/content/examples/template-reference-variables/**',
'aio/content/guide/inputs-outputs.md',
'aio/content/examples/inputs-outputs/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/inputs-outputs/**',
'aio/content/guide/template-expression-operators.md',
'aio/content/examples/template-expression-operators/**',
'aio/content/guide/pipes.md',
'aio/content/examples/pipes/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/pipes/**',
'aio/content/guide/providers.md',
'aio/content/examples/providers/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/providers/**',
'aio/content/guide/singleton-services.md',
'aio/content/guide/set-document-title.md',
'aio/content/examples/set-document-title/**',
@ -386,9 +340,7 @@ groups:
'aio/content/guide/sharing-ngmodules.md',
'aio/content/guide/structural-directives.md',
'aio/content/examples/structural-directives/**',
'aio/content/guide/svg-in-templates.md',
'aio/content/images/guide/structural-directives/**',
'aio/content/guide/template-statements.md',
'aio/content/guide/user-input.md',
'aio/content/examples/user-input/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/user-input/**'
@ -407,7 +359,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Http
# =========================================================
fw-http:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -429,7 +380,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Elements
# =========================================================
fw-elements:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -450,7 +400,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Forms
# =========================================================
fw-forms:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -483,7 +432,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: i18n
# =========================================================
fw-i18n:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -517,7 +465,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Platform Server
# =========================================================
fw-platform-server:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -537,7 +484,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Router
# =========================================================
fw-router:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -547,7 +493,6 @@ groups:
'packages/examples/router/**',
'aio/content/guide/router.md',
'aio/content/guide/router-tutorial.md',
'aio/content/guide/router-tutorial-toh.md',
'aio/content/examples/router-tutorial/**',
'aio/content/examples/router/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/router/**'
@ -561,7 +506,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Service Worker
# =========================================================
fw-service-worker:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -589,7 +533,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Upgrade
# =========================================================
fw-upgrade:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -620,7 +563,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Testing
# =========================================================
fw-testing:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -628,14 +570,6 @@ groups:
contains_any_globs(files.exclude('packages/compiler-cli/**'), [
'**/testing/**',
'aio/content/guide/testing.md',
'aio/content/guide/test-debugging.md',
'aio/content/guide/testing-attribute-directives.md',
'aio/content/guide/testing-code-coverage.md',
'aio/content/guide/testing-components-basics.md',
'aio/content/guide/testing-components-scenarios.md',
'aio/content/guide/testing-pipes.md',
'aio/content/guide/testing-services.md',
'aio/content/guide/testing-utility-apis.md',
'aio/content/examples/testing/**',
'aio/content/images/guide/testing/**'
])
@ -650,7 +584,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Benchmarks
# =========================================================
fw-benchmarks:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- >
@ -667,7 +600,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Playground
# =========================================================
fw-playground:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- >
@ -685,7 +617,6 @@ groups:
# Framework: Security
# =========================================================
fw-security:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -715,7 +646,6 @@ groups:
# Bazel
# =========================================================
bazel:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -734,7 +664,6 @@ groups:
# Language Service
# =========================================================
language-service:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -754,7 +683,6 @@ groups:
# zone.js
# =========================================================
zone-js:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -768,27 +696,11 @@ groups:
- JiaLiPassion
- mhevery
# =========================================================
# in-memory-web-api
# =========================================================
in-memory-web-api:
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
- >
contains_any_globs(files, [
'packages/misc/angular-in-memory-web-api/**',
])
reviewers:
users:
- IgorMinar
- crisbeto
# =========================================================
# Benchpress
# =========================================================
benchpress:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -806,7 +718,6 @@ groups:
# Integration Tests
# =========================================================
integration-tests:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- >
@ -824,7 +735,6 @@ groups:
# Docs: Gettings Started & Tutorial
# =========================================================
docs-getting-started-and-tutorial:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -857,7 +767,6 @@ groups:
# Docs: Marketing
# =========================================================
docs-marketing:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -880,7 +789,6 @@ groups:
# Docs: Observables
# =========================================================
docs-observables:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -906,7 +814,6 @@ groups:
# Docs: Packaging, Tooling, Releasing
# =========================================================
docs-packaging-and-releasing:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -926,7 +833,7 @@ groups:
'aio/content/guide/migration-localize.md',
'aio/content/guide/migration-module-with-providers.md',
'aio/content/guide/static-query-migration.md',
'aio/content/guide/updating-to-version-10.md',
'aio/content/guide/updating-to-version-9.md',
'aio/content/guide/ivy-compatibility.md',
'aio/content/guide/ivy-compatibility-examples.md'
])
@ -966,7 +873,6 @@ groups:
# Docs: CLI
# =========================================================
docs-cli:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -983,12 +889,8 @@ groups:
'aio/content/images/guide/deployment/**',
'aio/content/guide/file-structure.md',
'aio/content/guide/ivy.md',
'aio/content/guide/strict-mode.md',
'aio/content/guide/web-worker.md',
'aio/content/guide/workspace-config.md',
'aio/content/guide/migration-solution-style-tsconfig.md',
'aio/content/guide/migration-update-module-and-target-compiler-options.md',
'aio/content/guide/migration-update-libraries-tslib.md',
])
reviewers:
users:
@ -1001,7 +903,6 @@ groups:
# Docs: CLI Libraries
# =========================================================
docs-libraries:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -1022,7 +923,6 @@ groups:
# Docs: Schematics
# =========================================================
docs-schematics:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -1045,7 +945,6 @@ groups:
# Docs-infra
# =========================================================
docs-infra:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
@ -1075,11 +974,10 @@ groups:
# Dev-infra
# =========================================================
dev-infra:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- >
contains_any_globs(files.exclude("CHANGELOG.md").exclude("packages/compiler-cli/**/BUILD.bazel"), [
contains_any_globs(files.exclude("CHANGELOG.md"), [
'*',
'.circleci/**',
'.devcontainer/**',
@ -1111,6 +1009,7 @@ groups:
'tools/circular_dependency_test/**',
'tools/contributing-stats/**',
'tools/gulp-tasks/**',
'tools/ngcontainer/**',
'tools/npm/**',
'tools/npm_integration_test/**',
'tools/rxjs/**',
@ -1140,7 +1039,6 @@ groups:
# Public API
# =========================================================
public-api:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- >
@ -1155,10 +1053,9 @@ groups:
])
reviewers:
users:
- IgorMinar
- alxhub
- IgorMinar
- jelbourn
- petebacondarwin
- pkozlowski-opensource
reviews:
request: -1 # request reviews from everyone
@ -1170,7 +1067,6 @@ groups:
# Size tracking
# ================================================
size-tracking:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- >
@ -1179,10 +1075,9 @@ groups:
])
reviewers:
users:
- IgorMinar
- alxhub
- IgorMinar
- jelbourn
- petebacondarwin
- pkozlowski-opensource
reviews:
request: -1 # request reviews from everyone
@ -1194,7 +1089,6 @@ groups:
# Circular dependencies
# ================================================
circular-dependencies:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- >
@ -1206,7 +1100,6 @@ groups:
- IgorMinar
- jelbourn
- josephperrott
- petebacondarwin
- pkozlowski-opensource
@ -1218,7 +1111,6 @@ groups:
# Code Ownership
# =========================================================
code-ownership:
<<: *defaults
conditions:
- *can-be-global-approved
- >
@ -1228,16 +1120,12 @@ groups:
reviewers:
users:
- IgorMinar
- jelbourn
- josephperrott
- mhevery
# ====================================================
# Catch all for if no groups match the code change
# ====================================================
fallback:
<<: *defaults
# A group is considered to be `active` for a PR if at least one of group's
# conditions matches the PR.
#
@ -1257,17 +1145,13 @@ groups:
# `global-approvers` can still approve PRs that match this `fallback` rule,
# but that should be an exception and not an expectation.
conditions:
# The following groups have no file based conditions and will be initially `active` on all PRs
- *can-be-global-approved
# The following groups have no conditions and will be `active` on all PRs
# - `global-approvers`
# - `global-docs-approvers`
# - `required-minimum-review`
#
# By checking the number of active groups when these are excluded, we can determine
# if any other groups are matched.
- len(groups.active.exclude("required-minimum-review").exclude("global-approvers").exclude("global-docs-approvers")) == 0
# When any of the `global-*` groups is approved, they cause other groups to deactivate.
# In those cases, the condition above would evaluate to `true` while in reality, only a global
# approval has been provided. To ensure we don't activate the fallback group in such cases,
# ensure that no explicit global approval has been provided.
- *can-be-global-approved
- *can-be-global-docs-approved
# Since this means the minimum number of active groups a PR can have is 2, this
# `fallback` group should be matched anytime the number of active groups is at or
# below this minimum. This work as a protection to ensure that pullapprove does
# not incidently mark a PR as passing without meeting the review criteria.
- len(groups.active) <= 2

View File

@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
"**/bazel-out": true,
"**/dist": true,
"**/aio/src/generated": true,
".history": true,
},
"git.ignoreLimitWarning": true,
}
}

View File

@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ filegroup(
# do not sort
srcs = [
"@npm//:node_modules/core-js/client/core.js",
"//packages/zone.js/bundles:zone.umd.js",
"//packages/zone.js/bundles:zone-testing.umd.js",
"//packages/zone.js/bundles:task-tracking.umd.js",
"//packages/zone.js/dist:zone.js",
"//packages/zone.js/dist:zone-testing.js",
"//packages/zone.js/dist:task-tracking.js",
"//:test-events.js",
"//:third_party/shims_for_IE.js",
"//:shims_for_IE.js",
# Including systemjs because it defines `__eval`, which produces correct stack traces.
"@npm//:node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js",
"@npm//:node_modules/reflect-metadata/Reflect.js",

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

View File

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
# Contributing to Angular
We would love for you to contribute to Angular and help make it even better than it is today!
As a contributor, here are the guidelines we would like you to follow:
We would love for you to contribute to Angular and help make it even better than it is
today! As a contributor, here are the guidelines we would like you to follow:
- [Code of Conduct](#coc)
- [Question or Problem?](#question)
@ -12,63 +12,50 @@ As a contributor, here are the guidelines we would like you to follow:
- [Commit Message Guidelines](#commit)
- [Signing the CLA](#cla)
## <a name="coc"></a> Code of Conduct
Help us keep Angular open and inclusive.
Please read and follow our [Code of Conduct][coc].
Help us keep Angular open and inclusive. Please read and follow our [Code of Conduct][coc].
## <a name="question"></a> Got a Question or Problem?
Do not open issues for general support questions as we want to keep GitHub issues for bug reports and feature requests.
Instead, we recommend using [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/angular) to ask support-related questions. When creating a new question on Stack Overflow, make sure to add the `angular` tag.
Do not open issues for general support questions as we want to keep GitHub issues for bug reports and feature requests. You've got much better chances of getting your question answered on [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/angular) where the questions should be tagged with tag `angular`.
Stack Overflow is a much better place to ask questions since:
- there are thousands of people willing to help on Stack Overflow
- questions and answers stay available for public viewing so your question/answer might help someone else
- questions and answers stay available for public viewing so your question / answer might help someone else
- Stack Overflow's voting system assures that the best answers are prominently visible.
To save your and our time, we will systematically close all issues that are requests for general support and redirect people to Stack Overflow.
If you would like to chat about the question in real-time, you can reach out via [our gitter channel][gitter].
## <a name="issue"></a> Found a Bug?
If you find a bug in the source code, you can help us by [submitting an issue](#submit-issue) to our [GitHub Repository][github].
Even better, you can [submit a Pull Request](#submit-pr) with a fix.
If you find a bug in the source code, you can help us by
[submitting an issue](#submit-issue) to our [GitHub Repository][github]. Even better, you can
[submit a Pull Request](#submit-pr) with a fix.
## <a name="feature"></a> Missing a Feature?
You can *request* a new feature by [submitting an issue](#submit-issue) to our GitHub Repository.
If you would like to *implement* a new feature, please consider the size of the change in order to determine the right steps to proceed:
* For a **Major Feature**, first open an issue and outline your proposal so that it can be discussed.
This process allows us to better coordinate our efforts, prevent duplication of work, and help you to craft the change so that it is successfully accepted into the project.
**Note**: Adding a new topic to the documentation, or significantly re-writing a topic, counts as a major feature.
You can *request* a new feature by [submitting an issue](#submit-issue) to our GitHub
Repository. If you would like to *implement* a new feature, please submit an issue with
a proposal for your work first, to be sure that we can use it.
Please consider what kind of change it is:
* For a **Major Feature**, first open an issue and outline your proposal so that it can be
discussed. This will also allow us to better coordinate our efforts, prevent duplication of work,
and help you to craft the change so that it is successfully accepted into the project.
* **Small Features** can be crafted and directly [submitted as a Pull Request](#submit-pr).
## <a name="submit"></a> Submission Guidelines
### <a name="submit-issue"></a> Submitting an Issue
Before you submit an issue, please search the issue tracker, maybe an issue for your problem already exists and the discussion might inform you of workarounds readily available.
We want to fix all the issues as soon as possible, but before fixing a bug we need to reproduce and confirm it.
In order to reproduce bugs, we require that you provide a minimal reproduction.
Having a minimal reproducible scenario gives us a wealth of important information without going back and forth to you with additional questions.
We want to fix all the issues as soon as possible, but before fixing a bug we need to reproduce and confirm it. In order to reproduce bugs, we will systematically ask you to provide a minimal reproduction. Having a minimal reproducible scenario gives us a wealth of important information without going back & forth to you with additional questions.
A minimal reproduction allows us to quickly confirm a bug (or point out a coding problem) as well as confirm that we are fixing the right problem.
We require a minimal reproduction to save maintainers' time and ultimately be able to fix more bugs.
Often, developers find coding problems themselves while preparing a minimal reproduction.
We understand that sometimes it might be hard to extract essential bits of code from a larger codebase but we really need to isolate the problem before we can fix it.
We will be insisting on a minimal reproduction scenario in order to save maintainers time and ultimately be able to fix more bugs. Interestingly, from our experience, users often find coding problems themselves while preparing a minimal reproduction. We understand that sometimes it might be hard to extract essential bits of code from a larger codebase but we really need to isolate the problem before we can fix it.
Unfortunately, we are not able to investigate / fix bugs without a minimal reproduction, so if we don't hear back from you, we are going to close an issue that doesn't have enough info to be reproduced.
@ -76,66 +63,57 @@ You can file new issues by selecting from our [new issue templates](https://gith
### <a name="submit-pr"></a> Submitting a Pull Request (PR)
Before you submit your Pull Request (PR) consider the following guidelines:
1. Search [GitHub](https://github.com/angular/angular/pulls) for an open or closed PR that relates to your submission.
You don't want to duplicate existing efforts.
2. Be sure that an issue describes the problem you're fixing, or documents the design for the feature you'd like to add.
Discussing the design upfront helps to ensure that we're ready to accept your work.
3. Please sign our [Contributor License Agreement (CLA)](#cla) before sending PRs.
We cannot accept code without a signed CLA.
Make sure you author all contributed Git commits with email address associated with your CLA signature.
4. Fork the angular/angular repo.
5. Make your changes in a new git branch:
1. Search [GitHub](https://github.com/angular/angular/pulls) for an open or closed PR
that relates to your submission. You don't want to duplicate effort.
1. Be sure that an issue describes the problem you're fixing, or documents the design for the feature you'd like to add.
Discussing the design up front helps to ensure that we're ready to accept your work.
1. Please sign our [Contributor License Agreement (CLA)](#cla) before sending PRs.
We cannot accept code without this. Make sure you sign with the primary email address of the Git identity that has been granted access to the Angular repository.
1. Fork the angular/angular repo.
1. Make your changes in a new git branch:
```shell
git checkout -b my-fix-branch master
```
6. Create your patch, **including appropriate test cases**.
7. Follow our [Coding Rules](#rules).
8. Run the full Angular test suite, as described in the [developer documentation][dev-doc], and ensure that all tests pass.
9. Commit your changes using a descriptive commit message that follows our [commit message conventions](#commit).
Adherence to these conventions is necessary because release notes are automatically generated from these messages.
1. Create your patch, **including appropriate test cases**.
1. Follow our [Coding Rules](#rules).
1. Run the full Angular test suite, as described in the [developer documentation][dev-doc],
and ensure that all tests pass.
1. Commit your changes using a descriptive commit message that follows our
[commit message conventions](#commit). Adherence to these conventions
is necessary because release notes are automatically generated from these messages.
```shell
git commit -a
```
Note: the optional commit `-a` command line option will automatically "add" and "rm" edited files.
10. Push your branch to GitHub:
1. Push your branch to GitHub:
```shell
git push origin my-fix-branch
```
11. In GitHub, send a pull request to `angular:master`.
1. In GitHub, send a pull request to `angular:master`.
* If we suggest changes then:
* Make the required updates.
* Re-run the Angular test suites to ensure tests are still passing.
* Rebase your branch and force push to your GitHub repository (this will update your Pull Request):
If we ask for changes via code reviews then:
* Make the required updates.
* Re-run the Angular test suites to ensure tests are still passing.
* Rebase your branch and force push to your GitHub repository (this will update your Pull Request):
```shell
git rebase master -i
git push -f
```
```shell
git rebase master -i
git push -f
```
That's it! Thank you for your contribution!
#### After your pull request is merged
After your pull request is merged, you can safely delete your branch and pull the changes from the main (upstream) repository:
After your pull request is merged, you can safely delete your branch and pull the changes
from the main (upstream) repository:
* Delete the remote branch on GitHub either through the GitHub web UI or your local shell as follows:
@ -161,66 +139,55 @@ After your pull request is merged, you can safely delete your branch and pull th
git pull --ff upstream master
```
## <a name="rules"></a> Coding Rules
To ensure consistency throughout the source code, keep these rules in mind as you are working:
* All features or bug fixes **must be tested** by one or more specs (unit-tests).
* All public API methods **must be documented**.
* We follow [Google's JavaScript Style Guide][js-style-guide], but wrap all code at **100 characters**.
* All public API methods **must be documented**. (Details TBC).
* We follow [Google's JavaScript Style Guide][js-style-guide], but wrap all code at
**100 characters**. An automated formatter is available, see
[DEVELOPER.md](docs/DEVELOPER.md#clang-format).
An automated formatter is available, see [DEVELOPER.md](docs/DEVELOPER.md#clang-format).
## <a name="commit"></a> Commit Message Guidelines
We have very precise rules over how our git commit messages can be formatted. This leads to **more
readable messages** that are easy to follow when looking through the **project history**. But also,
we use the git commit messages to **generate the Angular change log**.
## <a name="commit"></a> Commit Message Format
*This specification is inspired and supersedes the [AngularJS commit message format][commit-message-format].*
We have very precise rules over how our Git commit messages must be formatted.
This format leads to **easier to read commit history**.
Each commit message consists of a **header**, a **body**, and a **footer**.
### Commit Message Format
Each commit message consists of a **header**, a **body** and a **footer**. The header has a special
format that includes a **type**, a **scope** and a **subject**:
```
<header>
<type>(<scope>): <subject>
<BLANK LINE>
<body>
<BLANK LINE>
<footer>
```
The `header` is mandatory and must conform to the [Commit Message Header](#commit-header) format.
The **header** is mandatory and the **scope** of the header is optional.
The `body` is mandatory for all commits except for those of scope "docs".
When the body is required it must be at least 20 characters long.
Any line of the commit message cannot be longer than 100 characters! This allows the message to be easier
to read on GitHub as well as in various git tools.
The `footer` is optional.
The footer should contain a [closing reference to an issue](https://help.github.com/articles/closing-issues-via-commit-messages/) if any.
Any line of the commit message cannot be longer than 100 characters.
#### <a href="commit-header"></a>Commit Message Header
Samples: (even more [samples](https://github.com/angular/angular/commits/master))
```
<type>(<scope>): <short summary>
│ │ │
│ │ └─⫸ Summary in present tense. Not capitalized. No period at the end.
│ │
│ └─⫸ Commit Scope: animations|bazel|benchpress|common|compiler|compiler-cli|core|
│ elements|forms|http|language-service|localize|platform-browser|
│ platform-browser-dynamic|platform-server|platform-webworker|
│ platform-webworker-dynamic|router|service-worker|upgrade|zone.js|
│ packaging|changelog|dev-infra|docs-infra|migrations|ngcc|ve
└─⫸ Commit Type: build|ci|docs|feat|fix|perf|refactor|style|test
docs(changelog): update changelog to beta.5
```
```
fix(release): need to depend on latest rxjs and zone.js
The version in our package.json gets copied to the one we publish, and users need the latest of these.
```
The `<type>` and `<summary>` fields are mandatory, the `(<scope>)` field is optional.
##### Type
### Revert
If the commit reverts a previous commit, it should begin with `revert: `, followed by the header of the reverted commit. In the body it should say: `This reverts commit <hash>.`, where the hash is the SHA of the commit being reverted.
### Type
Must be one of the following:
* **build**: Changes that affect the build system or external dependencies (example scopes: gulp, broccoli, npm)
@ -233,95 +200,66 @@ Must be one of the following:
* **style**: Changes that do not affect the meaning of the code (white-space, formatting, missing semi-colons, etc)
* **test**: Adding missing tests or correcting existing tests
##### Scope
### Scope
The scope should be the name of the npm package affected (as perceived by the person reading the changelog generated from commit messages).
The following is the list of supported scopes:
* `animations`
* `bazel`
* `benchpress`
* `common`
* `compiler`
* `compiler-cli`
* `core`
* `elements`
* `forms`
* `http`
* `language-service`
* `localize`
* `platform-browser`
* `platform-browser-dynamic`
* `platform-server`
* `platform-webworker`
* `platform-webworker-dynamic`
* `router`
* `service-worker`
* `upgrade`
* `zone.js`
* **animations**
* **bazel**
* **benchpress**
* **common**
* **compiler**
* **compiler-cli**
* **core**
* **elements**
* **forms**
* **http**
* **language-service**
* **localize**
* **platform-browser**
* **platform-browser-dynamic**
* **platform-server**
* **platform-webworker**
* **platform-webworker-dynamic**
* **router**
* **service-worker**
* **upgrade**
* **zone.js**
There are currently a few exceptions to the "use package name" rule:
* `packaging`: used for changes that change the npm package layout in all of our packages, e.g. public path changes, package.json changes done to all packages, d.ts file/format changes, changes to bundles, etc.
* **packaging**: used for changes that change the npm package layout in all of our packages, e.g.
public path changes, package.json changes done to all packages, d.ts file/format changes, changes
to bundles, etc.
* **changelog**: used for updating the release notes in CHANGELOG.md
* **docs-infra**: used for docs-app (angular.io) related changes within the /aio directory of the
repo
* **dev-infra**: used for dev-infra related changes within the directories /scripts, /tools and /dev-infra
* **ngcc**: used for changes to the [Angular Compatibility Compiler](./packages/compiler-cli/ngcc/README.md)
* **ve**: used for changes specific to ViewEngine (legacy compiler/renderer).
* none/empty string: useful for `style`, `test` and `refactor` changes that are done across all
packages (e.g. `style: add missing semicolons`) and for docs changes that are not related to a
specific package (e.g. `docs: fix typo in tutorial`).
* `changelog`: used for updating the release notes in CHANGELOG.md
* `dev-infra`: used for dev-infra related changes within the directories /scripts, /tools and /dev-infra
* `docs-infra`: used for docs-app (angular.io) related changes within the /aio directory of the repo
* `migrations`: used for changes to the `ng update` migrations.
* `ngcc`: used for changes to the [Angular Compatibility Compiler](./packages/compiler-cli/ngcc/README.md)
* `ve`: used for changes specific to ViewEngine (legacy compiler/renderer).
* none/empty string: useful for `style`, `test` and `refactor` changes that are done across all packages (e.g. `style: add missing semicolons`) and for docs changes that are not related to a specific package (e.g. `docs: fix typo in tutorial`).
##### Summary
Use the summary field to provide a succinct description of the change:
### Subject
The subject contains a succinct description of the change:
* use the imperative, present tense: "change" not "changed" nor "changes"
* don't capitalize the first letter
* no dot (.) at the end
### Body
Just as in the **subject**, use the imperative, present tense: "change" not "changed" nor "changes".
The body should include the motivation for the change and contrast this with previous behavior.
#### Commit Message Body
### Footer
The footer should contain any information about **Breaking Changes** and is also the place to
reference GitHub issues that this commit **Closes**.
Just as in the summary, use the imperative, present tense: "fix" not "fixed" nor "fixes".
Explain the motivation for the change in the commit message body. This commit message should explain _why_ you are making the change.
You can include a comparison of the previous behavior with the new behavior in order to illustrate the impact of the change.
#### Commit Message Footer
The footer can contain information about breaking changes and is also the place to reference GitHub issues, Jira tickets, and other PRs that this commit closes or is related to.
```
BREAKING CHANGE: <breaking change summary>
<BLANK LINE>
<breaking change description + migration instructions>
<BLANK LINE>
<BLANK LINE>
Fixes #<issue number>
```
Breaking Change section should start with the phrase "BREAKING CHANGE: " followed by a summary of the breaking change, a blank line, and a detailed description of the breaking change that also includes migration instructions.
### Revert commits
If the commit reverts a previous commit, it should begin with `revert: `, followed by the header of the reverted commit.
The content of the commit message body should contain:
- information about the SHA of the commit being reverted in the following format: `This reverts commit <SHA>`,
- a clear description of the reason for reverting the commit message.
**Breaking Changes** should start with the word `BREAKING CHANGE:` with a space or two newlines. The rest of the commit message is then used for this.
A detailed explanation can be found in this [document][commit-message-format].
## <a name="cla"></a> Signing the CLA
@ -332,17 +270,18 @@ changes to be accepted, the CLA must be signed. It's a quick process, we promise
* For corporations, we'll need you to
[print, sign and one of scan+email, fax or mail the form][corporate-cla].
If you have more than one GitHub accounts, or multiple email addresses associated with a single GitHub account, you must sign the CLA using the primary email address of the GitHub account used to author Git commits and send pull requests.
<hr>
The following documents can help you sort out issues with GitHub accounts and multiple email addresses:
If you have more than one Git identity, you must make sure that you sign the CLA using the primary email address associated with the ID that has been granted access to the Angular repository. Git identities can be associated with more than one email address, and only one is primary. Here are some links to help you sort out multiple Git identities and email addresses:
* https://help.github.com/articles/setting-your-commit-email-address-in-git/
* https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37245303/what-does-usera-committed-with-userb-13-days-ago-on-github-mean
* https://help.github.com/articles/about-commit-email-addresses/
* https://help.github.com/articles/blocking-command-line-pushes-that-expose-your-personal-email-address/
Note that if you have more than one Git identity, it is important to verify that you are logged in with the same ID with which you signed the CLA, before you commit changes. If not, your PR will fail the CLA check.
<hr>
[angular-group]: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/angular
[coc]: https://github.com/angular/code-of-conduct/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

View File

@ -5,21 +5,22 @@
# Angular
Angular es una plataforma de desarrollo para construir aplicaciones web y móviles que usa TypeScript/JavaScript y otros lenguajes de programación.
Angular is a development platform for building mobile and desktop web applications using TypeScript/JavaScript and other languages.
## Guía rápida
## Quickstart
[Comienza a usarlo en 5 minutos][quickstart].
[Get started in 5 minutes][quickstart].
## Registro de cambios (Changelog)
## Changelog
[Últimas mejoras realizadas][changelog].
[Learn about the latest improvements][changelog].
## ¿Quieres ayudar?
## Want to help?
¿Quieres encontrar fallos, colaborar con código, o mejorar la documentación? ¡Excelente! Lee nuestras
pautas para [colaborar][contributing] y luego revisa algunos de nuestras incidencias (issues) en [ayuda comunitaria](https://github.com/angular-hispano/angular/labels/ayuda%20comunitaria).
Want to file a bug, contribute some code, or improve documentation? Excellent! Read up on our
guidelines for [contributing][contributing] and then check out one of our issues in the [hotlist: community-help](https://github.com/angular/angular/labels/hotlist%3A%20community-help).
[contributing]: https://github.com/angular-hispano/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
[quickstart]: https://docs.angular.lat/start
[contributing]: https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
[quickstart]: https://angular.io/start
[changelog]: https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
[ng]: https://angular.io

View File

@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
}
],
"styles": [
"src/styles/main.scss"
"src/styles.scss"
],
"scripts": [],
"budgets": [
@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
}
],
"styles": [
"src/styles/main.scss"
"src/styles.scss"
],
"scripts": []
}
@ -193,4 +193,4 @@
}
},
"defaultProject": "site"
}
}

View File

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# CLI Overview and Command Reference
The Angular CLI is a command-line interface tool that you use to initialize, develop, scaffold, and maintain Angular applications directly from a command shell.
The Angular CLI is a command-line interface tool that you use to initialize, develop, scaffold, and maintain Angular applications. You can use the tool directly in a command shell, or indirectly through an interactive UI such as [Angular Console](https://angularconsole.com).
## Installing Angular CLI

View File

@ -32,15 +32,15 @@ export const slideInAnimation =
// #enddocregion style-view
// #docregion query
query(':enter', [
style({ left: '-100%' })
style({ left: '-100%'})
]),
query(':leave', animateChild()),
group([
query(':leave', [
animate('300ms ease-out', style({ left: '100%' }))
animate('300ms ease-out', style({ left: '100%'}))
]),
query(':enter', [
animate('300ms ease-out', style({ left: '0%' }))
animate('300ms ease-out', style({ left: '0%'}))
])
]),
query(':enter', animateChild()),
@ -56,15 +56,15 @@ export const slideInAnimation =
})
]),
query(':enter', [
style({ left: '-100%' })
style({ left: '-100%'})
]),
query(':leave', animateChild()),
group([
query(':leave', [
animate('200ms ease-out', style({ left: '100%' }))
animate('200ms ease-out', style({ left: '100%'}))
]),
query(':enter', [
animate('300ms ease-out', style({ left: '0%' }))
animate('300ms ease-out', style({ left: '0%'}))
])
]),
query(':enter', animateChild()),

View File

@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Toggle All Animations <input type="checkbox" [checked]="!animationsDisabled" (cl
</nav>
<!-- #docregion route-animations-outlet -->
<div [@routeAnimations]="prepareRoute(outlet)">
<div [@routeAnimations]="prepareRoute(outlet)" >
<router-outlet #outlet="outlet"></router-outlet>
</div>
<!-- #enddocregion route-animations-outlet -->

View File

@ -76,15 +76,15 @@ export class ConfigService {
console.error('An error occurred:', error.error.message);
} else {
// The backend returned an unsuccessful response code.
// The response body may contain clues as to what went wrong.
// The response body may contain clues as to what went wrong,
console.error(
`Backend returned code ${error.status}, ` +
`body was: ${error.error}`);
}
// Return an observable with a user-facing error message.
// return an observable with a user-facing error message
return throwError(
'Something bad happened; please try again later.');
}
};
// #enddocregion handleError
makeIntentionalError() {

View File

@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
{
"description": "i18n",
"files":[
"!**/*.d.ts",
"!**/*.js",
"!**/*.[0-9].*",
"!doc-files/**/*",
"**/*.xlf"
],
"file": "src/app/app.component.ts",
"tags": ["Angular", "i18n", "internationalization"]
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
{
"files": [
"!dist/",
"!**/*.d.ts",
"!src/**/*.js",
"!doc-files/**/*",
"**/*.xlf"
]
}

View File

@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ import { Component } from '@angular/core';
templateUrl: './app.component.html'
})
export class AppComponent {
birthday = new Date(1988, 3, 15); // April 15, 1988 -- since month parameter is zero-based
birthday = new Date(1988, 3, 15); // April 15, 1988
}

View File

@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ import { Component } from '@angular/core';
// #enddocregion hero-birthday-template
})
export class HeroBirthdayComponent {
birthday = new Date(1988, 3, 15); // April 15, 1988 -- since month parameter is zero-based
birthday = new Date(1988, 3, 15); // April 15, 1988
}

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import { Component } from '@angular/core';
})
// #docregion class
export class HeroBirthday2Component {
birthday = new Date(1988, 3, 15); // April 15, 1988 -- since month parameter is zero-based
birthday = new Date(1988, 3, 15); // April 15, 1988
toggle = true; // start with true == shortDate
get format() { return this.toggle ? 'shortDate' : 'fullDate'; }

View File

@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'any',
})
export class UserService {
}

View File

@ -6,11 +6,13 @@ import { Routes, RouterModule } from '@angular/router'; // CLI imports router
const routes: Routes = [
{ path: 'first-component', component: FirstComponent },
{ path: 'second-component', component: SecondComponent },
// #enddocregion routes, routes-with-wildcard
// #enddocregion routes
{ path: '', redirectTo: '/first-component', pathMatch: 'full' }, // redirect to `first-component`
// #docregion routes-with-wildcard
{ path: '**', component: FirstComponent },
// #enddocregion redirect
{ path: '**', component: PageNotFoundComponent }, // Wildcard route for a 404 page
// #docregion routes
// #docregion redirect
];
// #enddocregion routes, routes-with-wildcard, redirect

View File

@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.js"></script>
<script>

View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export class HeroesComponent implements OnInit {
onSelect(hero: Hero): void {
this.selectedHero = hero;
this.messageService.add(`HeroesComponent: Selected hero id=${hero.id}`);
this.messageService.add(`HeroService: Selected hero id=${hero.id}`);
}
// #docregion getHeroes

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<!-- Polyfills -->
<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<script src="systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
<script src="phone-detail/phone-detail.module.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.min.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.min.js"></script>
<script>window.module = 'aot';</script>
</head>

View File

@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ var fsExtra = require('fs-extra');
var resources = [
// polyfills
'node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.min.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.min.js',
// css
'app/app.css',
'app/app.animations.css',
@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ var resources = [
'app/phone-detail/phone-detail.module.js'
];
resources.map(function(sourcePath) {
// Need to rename zone.umd.min.js to zone.min.js
var destPath = `aot/${sourcePath}`.replace('.umd.min.js', '.min.js');
var destPath = `aot/${sourcePath}`;
fsExtra.copySync(sourcePath, destPath);
});

View File

@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
<!-- #docregion angular -->
<script src="/node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<!-- #enddocregion angular -->
<script src="/systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ module.exports = function(config) {
'node_modules/core-js/client/shim.js',
// zone.js
'node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone-testing.umd.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone-testing.js',
// RxJs.
{ pattern: 'node_modules/rxjs/**/*.js', included: false, watched: false },

View File

@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ module.exports = function(config) {
'node_modules/core-js/client/shim.js',
// zone.js
'node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone-testing.umd.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone-testing.js',
// RxJs
{ pattern: 'node_modules/rxjs/**/*.js', included: false, watched: false },

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
<link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css" />
<script src="/node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
<script src="/node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
<!-- #enddocregion full -->
<script src="/systemjs.config.1.js"></script>

View File

@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ module.exports = function(config) {
'node_modules/core-js/client/shim.js',
// zone.js
'node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone-testing.umd.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js',
'node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone-testing.js',
// RxJs
{ pattern: 'node_modules/rxjs/**/*.js', included: false, watched: false },

View File

@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ work well for all users, including those who rely on assistive technologies.
Building accessible web experience often involves setting [ARIA attributes](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/accessibility/semantics-aria)
to provide semantic meaning where it might otherwise be missing.
Use [attribute binding](guide/attribute-binding) template syntax to control the values of accessibility-related attributes.
Use [attribute binding](guide/template-syntax#attribute-binding) template syntax to control the values of accessibility-related attributes.
When binding to ARIA attributes in Angular, you must use the `attr.` prefix, as the ARIA
specification depends specifically on HTML attributes rather than properties of DOM elements.
@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ NOTE:
By convention, HTML attributes use lowercase names (`tabindex`), while properties use camelCase names (`tabIndex`).
See the [Binding syntax](guide/binding-syntax#html-attribute-vs-dom-property) guide for more background on the difference between attributes and properties.
See the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax#html-attribute-vs-dom-property) guide for more background on the difference between attributes and properties.
</div>

View File

@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ The following table lists some of the key AngularJS template features with their
The context of the binding is implied and is always the
associated component, so it needs no reference variable.
For more information, see the [Interpolation](guide/interpolation) guide.
For more information, see the [Interpolation](guide/template-syntax#interpolation)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
</tr>
@ -140,8 +141,8 @@ The following table lists some of the key AngularJS template features with their
Angular has true template input variables that are explicitly defined using the `let` keyword.
For more information, see the [ngFor micro-syntax](guide/built-in-directives#microsyntax)
section of the [Built-in Directives](guide/built-in-directives) page.
For more information, see the [ngFor micro-syntax](guide/template-syntax#microsyntax)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
</tr>
@ -257,7 +258,8 @@ The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equiva
Angular also has **class binding**, which is a good way to add or remove a single class,
as shown in the third example.
For more information see [Attribute, class, and style bindings](guide/attribute-binding) page.
For more information see the [Attribute, class, and style bindings](guide/template-syntax#other-bindings)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
@ -307,7 +309,8 @@ The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equiva
For a list of DOM events, see: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events.
For more information, see the [Event binding](guide/event-binding) page.
For more information, see the [Event binding](guide/template-syntax#event-binding)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
@ -404,7 +407,8 @@ The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equiva
Angular uses property binding; there is no built-in *href* directive.
Place the element's `href` property in square brackets and set it to a quoted template expression.
For more information see the [Property binding](guide/property-binding) page.
For more information see the [Property binding](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
In Angular, `href` is no longer used for routing. Routing uses `routerLink`, as shown in the following example.
@ -483,8 +487,8 @@ The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equiva
and event binding (from the view to the component), thereby providing two-way binding.
For more information on two-way binding with `ngModel`, see the [NgModel&mdash;Two-way binding to
form elements with `[(ngModel)]`](../guide/built-in-directives#ngModel)
section of the [Built-in directives](guide/built-in-directives) page.
form elements with `[(ngModel)]`](../guide/template-syntax.html#ngModel)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
</tr>
@ -566,7 +570,8 @@ The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equiva
In this example, the `<div>` element is hidden if the `favoriteHero` variable is not truthy.
For more information on property binding, see the [Property binding](guide/property-binding) page.
For more information on property binding, see the [Property binding](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
</tr>
@ -599,7 +604,8 @@ The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equiva
Angular uses property binding; there is no built-in *src* directive.
Place the `src` property in square brackets and set it to a quoted template expression.
For more information on property binding, see the [Property binding](guide/property-binding) page.
For more information on property binding, see the [Property binding](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
</tr>
@ -638,11 +644,11 @@ The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equiva
Angular also has **style binding**, which is good way to set a single style. This is shown in the second example.
For more information on style binding, see the [Style binding](guide/attribute-binding#style-binding) section of the
[Attribute binding](guide/attribute-binding) page.
For more information on style binding, see the [Style binding](guide/template-syntax#style-binding) section of the
[Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
For more information on the `ngStyle` directive, see the [NgStyle](guide/built-in-directives#ngStyle)
section of the [Built-in directives](guide/built-in-directives) page.
For more information on the `ngStyle` directive, see [NgStyle](guide/template-syntax#ngStyle)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
</tr>
@ -698,8 +704,8 @@ The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equiva
The (*) before `ngSwitchCase` and `ngSwitchDefault` is required in this example.
For more information, see [The NgSwitch directives](guide/built-in-directives#ngSwitch)
section of the [Built-in directives](guide/built-in-directives) page.
For more information, see [The NgSwitch directives](guide/template-syntax#ngSwitch)
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</td>
</tr>

View File

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# Angular compiler options
When you use [AOT compilation](guide/aot-compiler), you can control how your application is compiled by specifying *template* compiler options in the [TypeScript configuration file](guide/typescript-configuration).
When you use [AOT compilation](guide/aot-compiler), you can control how your application is compiled by specifying *template* compiler options in the `tsconfig.json` [TypeScript configuration file](guide/typescript-configuration).
The template options object, `angularCompilerOptions`, is a sibling to the `compilerOptions` object that supplies standard options to the TypeScript compiler.
@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ The template options object, `angularCompilerOptions`, is a sibling to the `comp
{@a tsconfig-extends}
## Configuration inheritance with extends
Like the TypeScript compiler, The Angular AOT compiler also supports `extends` in the `angularCompilerOptions` section of the TypeScript configuration file.
Like the TypeScript compiler, The Angular AOT compiler also supports `extends` in the `angularCompilerOptions` section of the TypeScript configuration file, `tsconfig.json`.
The `extends` property is at the top level, parallel to `compilerOptions` and `angularCompilerOptions`.
A TypeScript configuration can inherit settings from another file using the `extends` property.
The configuration options from the base file are loaded first, then overridden by those in the inheriting configuration file.
The configuration options from the base file are loaded first, then overridden by those in the inheriting `tsconfig` file.
For example:
@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ For library projects generated with the CLI, the dev configuration default is `t
When `true` (recommended), reports an error for a supplied parameter whose injection type cannot be determined. When `false` (currently the default), constructor parameters of classes marked with `@Injectable` whose type cannot be resolved produce a warning.
When you use the CLI command `ng new --strict`, it is set to `true` in the generated project's configuration.
When you use the CLI command `ng new`, it is set to `true` by default in the generated project's configuration.
### `strictTemplates`
@ -194,7 +194,6 @@ When `true`, enables [strict template type checking](guide/template-typecheck#st
Additional strictness flags allow you to enable and disable specific types of strict template type checking. See [troubleshooting template errors](guide/template-typecheck#troubleshooting-template-errors).
When you use the CLI command `ng new --strict`, it is set to `true` in the generated project's configuration.
### `trace`

View File

@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ For help in understanding and resolving these problems, see [AOT Metadata Errors
### Configuring AOT compilation
You can provide options in the [TypeScript configuration file](guide/typescript-configuration) that controls the compilation process. See [Angular compiler options](guide/angular-compiler-options) for a complete list of available options.
You can provide options in the `tsconfig.json` [TypeScript configuration file](guide/typescript-configuration) that control the compilation process. See [Angular compiler options](guide/angular-compiler-options) for a complete list of available options.
## Phase 1: Code analysis
@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ The compiler later reports the error if it needs that piece of metadata to gener
<div class="alert is-helpful">
If you want `ngc` to report syntax errors immediately rather than produce a `.metadata.json` file with errors, set the `strictMetadataEmit` option in the TypeScript configuration file.
If you want `ngc` to report syntax errors immediately rather than produce a `.metadata.json` file with errors, set the `strictMetadataEmit` option in the TypeScript configuration file, `tsconfig.json`.
```
"angularCompilerOptions": {
@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ It does not, however, rewrite the `.d.ts` file, so TypeScript doesn't recognize
One of the Angular compiler's most helpful features is the ability to type-check expressions within templates, and catch any errors before they cause crashes at runtime.
In the template type-checking phase, the Angular template compiler uses the TypeScript compiler to validate the binding expressions in templates.
Enable this phase explicitly by adding the compiler option `"fullTemplateTypeCheck"` in the `"angularCompilerOptions"` of the project's TypeScript configuration file
Enable this phase explicitly by adding the compiler option `"fullTemplateTypeCheck"` in the `"angularCompilerOptions"` of the project's `tsconfig.json`
(see [Angular Compiler Options](guide/angular-compiler-options)).
<div class="alert is-helpful">
@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ For more information about input type narrowing, see [Input setter coercion](gui
### Non-null type assertion operator
Use the [non-null type assertion operator](guide/template-expression-operators#non-null-assertion-operator) to suppress the `Object is possibly 'undefined'` error when it is inconvenient to use `*ngIf` or when some constraint in the component ensures that the expression is always non-null when the binding expression is interpolated.
Use the [non-null type assertion operator](guide/template-syntax#non-null-assertion-operator) to suppress the `Object is possibly 'undefined'` error when it is inconvenient to use `*ngIf` or when some constraint in the component ensures that the expression is always non-null when the binding expression is interpolated.
In the following example, the `person` and `address` properties are always set together, implying that `address` is always non-null if `person` is non-null.
There is no convenient way to describe this constraint to TypeScript and the template compiler, but the error is suppressed in the example by using `address!.street`.

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@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ Angular does something similar with the `DOCUMENT` token so you can inject the b
```ts
import { Inject } from '@angular/core';
import { DOCUMENT } from '@angular/common';
import { DOCUMENT } from '@angular/platform-browser';
@Component({ ... })
export class MyComponent {

View File

@ -1,32 +1,32 @@
# App shell
App shell es una manera de renderizar una porción de tu aplicación a través de una ruta en tiempo de compilación (build time).
Puede mejorar la experiencia de usuario lanzando rápidamente una página estática renderizada (un esqueleto común a todas las páginas) mientras el navegador descarga la versión completa del cliente y la muestra automáticamente al finalizar su carga.
App shell is a way to render a portion of your application via a route at build time.
It can improve the user experience by quickly launching a static rendered page (a skeleton common to all pages) while the browser downloads the full client version and switches to it automatically after the code loads.
Esto da a los usuarios una primera visualización significativa de su aplicación que aparece rápidamente porque el navegador simplemente puede renderizar HTML y CSS sin la necesidad de inicializar JavaScript.
This gives users a meaningful first paint of your application that appears quickly because the browser can simply render the HTML and CSS without the need to initialize any JavaScript.
Obténga más información en [El modelo de aplicación Shell](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/architecture/app-shell).
Learn more in [The App Shell Model](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/architecture/app-shell).
## Paso 1: Prepara la aplicación
## Step 1: Prepare the application
Puedes hacer esto con el siguiente comando CLI:
You can do this with the following CLI command:
<code-example language="bash">
ng new my-app --routing
</code-example>
Para una aplicación existente, debes agregar manualmente el `RouterModule` y definir un` <router-outlet> `dentro de tu aplicación.
For an existing application, you have to manually add the `RouterModule` and defining a `<router-outlet>` within your application.
## Paso 2: Crea el shell de la aplicación
## Step 2: Create the app shell
Usa la CLI para crear automáticamente el shell de la aplicación.
Use the CLI to automatically create the app shell.
<code-example language="bash">
ng generate app-shell
</code-example>
* `client-project` toma el nombre de tu aplicación cliente.
* `client-project` takes the name of your client application.
Después de ejecutar este comando, notará que el archivo de configuración `angular.json` se ha actualizado para agregar dos nuevos targets, con algunos otros cambios.
After running this command you will notice that the `angular.json` configuration file has been updated to add two new targets, with a few other changes.
<code-example language="json">
"server": {
@ -53,18 +53,20 @@ Después de ejecutar este comando, notará que el archivo de configuración `ang
}
</code-example>
## Paso 3: Verifica que la aplicación está construida con el contenido del shell
## Step 3: Verify the app is built with the shell content
Usa la CLI para construir el `app-shell` target.
Use the CLI to build the `app-shell` target.
<code-example language="bash">
ng run my-app:app-shell
</code-example>
O usa la configuración de producción.
Or to use the production configuration.
<code-example language="bash">
ng run my-app:app-shell:production
</code-example>
Para verificar el resultado de la compilación, abre `dist/my-app/index.html`. Busca el texto por defecto `app-shell works!` para mostrar que la ruta del shell de la aplicación se ha renderizado como parte de la carpeta de distribución.
To verify the build output, open `dist/my-app/index.html`. Look for default text `app-shell works!` to show that the app shell route was rendered as part of the output.

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@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ This example from the `HeroListComponent` template uses three of these forms.
* The `{{hero.name}}` [*interpolation*](guide/displaying-data#interpolation)
displays the component's `hero.name` property value within the `<li>` element.
* The `[hero]` [*property binding*](guide/property-binding) passes the value of
* The `[hero]` [*property binding*](guide/template-syntax#property-binding) passes the value of
`selectedHero` from the parent `HeroListComponent` to the `hero` property of the child `HeroDetailComponent`.
* The `(click)` [*event binding*](guide/user-input#binding-to-user-input-events) calls the component's `selectHero` method when the user clicks a hero's name.
@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ Angular pipes let you declare display-value transformations in your template HTM
Angular defines various pipes, such as the [date](https://angular.io/api/common/DatePipe) pipe and [currency](https://angular.io/api/common/CurrencyPipe) pipe; for a complete list, see the [Pipes API list](https://angular.io/api?type=pipe). You can also define new pipes.
To specify a value transformation in an HTML template, use the [pipe operator (|)](https://angular.io/guide/template-expression-operators#pipe).
To specify a value transformation in an HTML template, use the [pipe operator (|)](https://angular.io/guide/template-syntax#pipe).
`{{interpolated_value | pipe_name}}`
@ -179,9 +179,9 @@ The `ngModel` directive, which implements two-way data binding, is an example of
<code-example path="architecture/src/app/hero-detail.component.html" header="src/app/hero-detail.component.html (ngModel)" region="ngModel"></code-example>
Angular has more pre-defined directives that either alter the layout structure
(for example, [ngSwitch](guide/built-in-directives#ngSwitch))
(for example, [ngSwitch](guide/template-syntax#ngSwitch))
or modify aspects of DOM elements and components
(for example, [ngStyle](guide/built-in-directives#ngStyle) and [ngClass](guide/built-in-directives#ngClass)).
(for example, [ngStyle](guide/template-syntax#ngStyle) and [ngClass](guide/template-syntax#ngClass)).
<div class="alert is-helpful">

View File

@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ The basic building blocks are *NgModules*, which provide a compilation context f
* Components use *services*, which provide specific functionality not directly related to views. Service providers can be *injected* into components as *dependencies*, making your code modular, reusable, and efficient.
Modules, components and services are classes that use *decorators*. These decorators mark their type and provide metadata that tells Angular how to use them.
Both components and services are simply classes, with *decorators* that mark their type and provide metadata that tells Angular how to use them.
* The metadata for a component class associates it with a *template* that defines a view. A template combines ordinary HTML with Angular *directives* and *binding markup* that allow Angular to modify the HTML before rendering it for display.

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@ -1,303 +0,0 @@
# Attribute, class, and style bindings
The template syntax provides specialized one-way bindings for scenarios less well-suited to property binding.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
See the <live-example></live-example> for a working example containing the code snippets in this guide.
</div>
## Attribute binding
Set the value of an attribute directly with an **attribute binding**. This is the only exception to the rule that a binding sets a target property and the only binding that creates and sets an attribute.
Usually, setting an element property with a [property binding](guide/property-binding)
is preferable to setting the attribute with a string. However, sometimes
there is no element property to bind, so attribute binding is the solution.
Consider the [ARIA](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA) and
[SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG). They are purely attributes, don't correspond to element properties, and don't set element properties. In these cases, there are no property targets to bind to.
Attribute binding syntax resembles property binding, but
instead of an element property between brackets, start with the prefix `attr`,
followed by a dot (`.`), and the name of the attribute.
You then set the attribute value, using an expression that resolves to a string,
or remove the attribute when the expression resolves to `null`.
One of the primary use cases for attribute binding
is to set ARIA attributes, as in this example:
<code-example path="attribute-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="attrib-binding-aria" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
{@a colspan}
<div class="alert is-helpful">
#### `colspan` and `colSpan`
Notice the difference between the `colspan` attribute and the `colSpan` property.
If you wrote something like this:
<code-example language="html">
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan="{{1 + 1}}"&gt;Three-Four&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
</code-example>
You'd get this error:
<code-example language="bash">
Template parse errors:
Can't bind to 'colspan' since it isn't a known native property
</code-example>
As the message says, the `<td>` element does not have a `colspan` property. This is true
because `colspan` is an attribute&mdash;`colSpan`, with a capital `S`, is the
corresponding property. Interpolation and property binding can set only *properties*, not attributes.
Instead, you'd use property binding and write it like this:
<code-example path="attribute-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="colSpan" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
</div>
<hr/>
{@a class-binding}
## Class binding
Here's how to set the `class` attribute without a binding in plain HTML:
```html
<!-- standard class attribute setting -->
<div class="foo bar">Some text</div>
```
You can also add and remove CSS class names from an element's `class` attribute with a **class binding**.
To create a single class binding, start with the prefix `class` followed by a dot (`.`) and the name of the CSS class (for example, `[class.foo]="hasFoo"`).
Angular adds the class when the bound expression is truthy, and it removes the class when the expression is falsy (with the exception of `undefined`, see [styling delegation](#styling-delegation)).
To create a binding to multiple classes, use a generic `[class]` binding without the dot (for example, `[class]="classExpr"`).
The expression can be a space-delimited string of class names, or you can format it as an object with class names as the keys and truthy/falsy expressions as the values.
With object format, Angular will add a class only if its associated value is truthy.
It's important to note that with any object-like expression (`object`, `Array`, `Map`, `Set`, etc), the identity of the object must change for the class list to be updated.
Updating the property without changing object identity will have no effect.
If there are multiple bindings to the same class name, conflicts are resolved using [styling precedence](#styling-precedence).
<style>
td, th {vertical-align: top}
</style>
<table width="100%">
<col width="15%">
</col>
<col width="20%">
</col>
<col width="35%">
</col>
<col width="30%">
</col>
<tr>
<th>
Binding Type
</th>
<th>
Syntax
</th>
<th>
Input Type
</th>
<th>
Example Input Values
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Single class binding</td>
<td><code>[class.foo]="hasFoo"</code></td>
<td><code>boolean | undefined | null</code></td>
<td><code>true</code>, <code>false</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan=3>Multi-class binding</td>
<td rowspan=3><code>[class]="classExpr"</code></td>
<td><code>string</code></td>
<td><code>"my-class-1 my-class-2 my-class-3"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>{[key: string]: boolean | undefined | null}</code></td>
<td><code>{foo: true, bar: false}</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>Array</code><<code>string</code>></td>
<td><code>['foo', 'bar']</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
The [NgClass](guide/built-in-directives/#ngclass) directive can be used as an alternative to direct `[class]` bindings.
However, using the above class binding syntax without `NgClass` is preferred because due to improvements in class binding in Angular, `NgClass` no longer provides significant value, and might eventually be removed in the future.
<hr/>
## Style binding
Here's how to set the `style` attribute without a binding in plain HTML:
```html
<!-- standard style attribute setting -->
<div style="color: blue">Some text</div>
```
You can also set styles dynamically with a **style binding**.
To create a single style binding, start with the prefix `style` followed by a dot (`.`) and the name of the CSS style property (for example, `[style.width]="width"`).
The property will be set to the value of the bound expression, which is normally a string.
Optionally, you can add a unit extension like `em` or `%`, which requires a number type.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Note that a _style property_ name can be written in either
[dash-case](guide/glossary#dash-case), as shown above, or
[camelCase](guide/glossary#camelcase), such as `fontSize`.
</div>
If there are multiple styles you'd like to toggle, you can bind to the `[style]` property directly without the dot (for example, `[style]="styleExpr"`).
The expression attached to the `[style]` binding is most often a string list of styles like `"width: 100px; height: 100px;"`.
You can also format the expression as an object with style names as the keys and style values as the values, like `{width: '100px', height: '100px'}`.
It's important to note that with any object-like expression (`object`, `Array`, `Map`, `Set`, etc), the identity of the object must change for the class list to be updated.
Updating the property without changing object identity will have no effect.
If there are multiple bindings to the same style property, conflicts are resolved using [styling precedence rules](#styling-precedence).
<style>
td, th {vertical-align: top}
</style>
<table width="100%">
<col width="15%">
</col>
<col width="20%">
</col>
<col width="35%">
</col>
<col width="30%">
</col>
<tr>
<th>
Binding Type
</th>
<th>
Syntax
</th>
<th>
Input Type
</th>
<th>
Example Input Values
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Single style binding</td>
<td><code>[style.width]="width"</code></td>
<td><code>string | undefined | null</code></td>
<td><code>"100px"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tr>
<td>Single style binding with units</td>
<td><code>[style.width.px]="width"</code></td>
<td><code>number | undefined | null</code></td>
<td><code>100</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan=3>Multi-style binding</td>
<td rowspan=3><code>[style]="styleExpr"</code></td>
<td><code>string</code></td>
<td><code>"width: 100px; height: 100px"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>{[key: string]: string | undefined | null}</code></td>
<td><code>{width: '100px', height: '100px'}</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>Array</code><<code>string</code>></td>
<td><code>['width', '100px']</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
The [NgStyle](guide/built-in-directives/#ngstyle) directive can be used as an alternative to direct `[style]` bindings.
However, using the above style binding syntax without `NgStyle` is preferred because due to improvements in style binding in Angular, `NgStyle` no longer provides significant value, and might eventually be removed in the future.
<hr/>
{@a styling-precedence}
## Styling Precedence
A single HTML element can have its CSS class list and style values bound to multiple sources (for example, host bindings from multiple directives).
When there are multiple bindings to the same class name or style property, Angular uses a set of precedence rules to resolve conflicts and determine which classes or styles are ultimately applied to the element.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
<h4>Styling precedence (highest to lowest)</h4>
1. Template bindings
1. Property binding (for example, `<div [class.foo]="hasFoo">` or `<div [style.color]="color">`)
1. Map binding (for example, `<div [class]="classExpr">` or `<div [style]="styleExpr">`)
1. Static value (for example, `<div class="foo">` or `<div style="color: blue">`)
1. Directive host bindings
1. Property binding (for example, `host: {'[class.foo]': 'hasFoo'}` or `host: {'[style.color]': 'color'}`)
1. Map binding (for example, `host: {'[class]': 'classExpr'}` or `host: {'[style]': 'styleExpr'}`)
1. Static value (for example, `host: {'class': 'foo'}` or `host: {'style': 'color: blue'}`)
1. Component host bindings
1. Property binding (for example, `host: {'[class.foo]': 'hasFoo'}` or `host: {'[style.color]': 'color'}`)
1. Map binding (for example, `host: {'[class]': 'classExpr'}` or `host: {'[style]': 'styleExpr'}`)
1. Static value (for example, `host: {'class': 'foo'}` or `host: {'style': 'color: blue'}`)
</div>
The more specific a class or style binding is, the higher its precedence.
A binding to a specific class (for example, `[class.foo]`) will take precedence over a generic `[class]` binding, and a binding to a specific style (for example, `[style.bar]`) will take precedence over a generic `[style]` binding.
<code-example path="attribute-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="basic-specificity" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Specificity rules also apply when it comes to bindings that originate from different sources.
It's possible for an element to have bindings in the template where it's declared, from host bindings on matched directives, and from host bindings on matched components.
Template bindings are the most specific because they apply to the element directly and exclusively, so they have the highest precedence.
Directive host bindings are considered less specific because directives can be used in multiple locations, so they have a lower precedence than template bindings.
Directives often augment component behavior, so host bindings from components have the lowest precedence.
<code-example path="attribute-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="source-specificity" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
In addition, bindings take precedence over static attributes.
In the following case, `class` and `[class]` have similar specificity, but the `[class]` binding will take precedence because it is dynamic.
<code-example path="attribute-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="dynamic-priority" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
{@a styling-delegation}
### Delegating to styles with lower precedence
It is possible for higher precedence styles to "delegate" to lower precedence styles using `undefined` values.
Whereas setting a style property to `null` ensures the style is removed, setting it to `undefined` will cause Angular to fall back to the next-highest precedence binding to that style.
For example, consider the following template:
<code-example path="attribute-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="style-delegation" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Imagine that the `dirWithHostBinding` directive and the `comp-with-host-binding` component both have a `[style.width]` host binding.
In that case, if `dirWithHostBinding` sets its binding to `undefined`, the `width` property will fall back to the value of the `comp-with-host-binding` host binding.
However, if `dirWithHostBinding` sets its binding to `null`, the `width` property will be removed entirely.

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@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ There are three kinds of directives in Angular:
You saw a component for the first time in the [Getting Started](start "Getting Started with Angular") tutorial.
*Structural Directives* change the structure of the view.
Two examples are [NgFor](guide/built-in-directives#ngFor) and [NgIf](guide/built-in-directives#ngIf).
Two examples are [NgFor](guide/template-syntax#ngFor) and [NgIf](guide/template-syntax#ngIf).
Learn about them in the [Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives) guide.
*Attribute directives* are used as attributes of elements.
The built-in [NgStyle](guide/built-in-directives#ngStyle) directive in the
[Built-in directives](guide/built-in-directives) guide, for example,
The built-in [NgStyle](guide/template-syntax#ngStyle) directive in the
[Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) guide, for example,
can change several element styles at the same time.
## Build a simple attribute directive

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@ -1,318 +0,0 @@
# Binding syntax: an overview
Data-binding is a mechanism for coordinating what users see, specifically
with application data values.
While you could push values to and pull values from HTML,
the application is easier to write, read, and maintain if you turn these tasks over to a binding framework.
You simply declare bindings between binding sources, target HTML elements, and let the framework do the rest.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
See the <live-example></live-example> for a working example containing the code snippets in this guide.
</div>
Angular provides many kinds of data-binding. Binding types can be grouped into three categories distinguished by the direction of data flow:
* From the _source-to-view_
* From _view-to-source_
* Two-way sequence: _view-to-source-to-view_
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td, th {vertical-align: top}
</style>
<table width="100%">
<col width="30%">
</col>
<col width="50%">
</col>
<col width="20%">
</col>
<tr>
<th>
Type
</th>
<th>
Syntax
</th>
<th>
Category
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Interpolation<br>
Property<br>
Attribute<br>
Class<br>
Style
</td>
<td>
<code-example>
{{expression}}
[target]="expression"
bind-target="expression"
</code-example>
</td>
<td>
One-way<br>from data source<br>to view target
</td>
<tr>
<td>
Event
</td>
<td>
<code-example>
(target)="statement"
on-target="statement"
</code-example>
</td>
<td>
One-way<br>from view target<br>to data source
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Two-way
</td>
<td>
<code-example>
[(target)]="expression"
bindon-target="expression"
</code-example>
</td>
<td>
Two-way
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
</table>
Binding types other than interpolation have a **target name** to the left of the equal sign, either surrounded by punctuation, `[]` or `()`,
or preceded by a prefix: `bind-`, `on-`, `bindon-`.
The *target* of a binding is the property or event inside the binding punctuation: `[]`, `()` or `[()]`.
Every public member of a **source** directive is automatically available for binding.
You don't have to do anything special to access a directive member in a template expression or statement.
### Data-binding and HTML
In the normal course of HTML development, you create a visual structure with HTML elements, and
you modify those elements by setting element attributes with string constants.
```html
<div class="special">Plain old HTML</div>
<img src="images/item.png">
<button disabled>Save</button>
```
With data-binding, you can control things like the state of a button:
<code-example path="binding-syntax/src/app/app.component.html" region="disabled-button" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Notice that the binding is to the `disabled` property of the button's DOM element,
**not** the attribute. This applies to data-binding in general. Data-binding works with *properties* of DOM elements, components, and directives, not HTML *attributes*.
{@a html-attribute-vs-dom-property}
### HTML attribute vs. DOM property
The distinction between an HTML attribute and a DOM property is key to understanding
how Angular binding works. **Attributes are defined by HTML. Properties are accessed from DOM (Document Object Model) nodes.**
* A few HTML attributes have 1:1 mapping to properties; for example, `id`.
* Some HTML attributes don't have corresponding properties; for example, `aria-*`.
* Some DOM properties don't have corresponding attributes; for example, `textContent`.
It is important to remember that *HTML attribute* and the *DOM property* are different things, even when they have the same name.
In Angular, the only role of HTML attributes is to initialize element and directive state.
**Template binding works with *properties* and *events*, not *attributes*.**
When you write a data-binding, you're dealing exclusively with the *DOM properties* and *events* of the target object.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
This general rule can help you build a mental model of attributes and DOM properties:
**Attributes initialize DOM properties and then they are done.
Property values can change; attribute values can't.**
There is one exception to this rule.
Attributes can be changed by `setAttribute()`, which re-initializes corresponding DOM properties.
</div>
For more information, see the [MDN Interfaces documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API#Interfaces) which has API docs for all the standard DOM elements and their properties.
Comparing the [`<td>` attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/td) attributes to the [`<td>` properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLTableCellElement) provides a helpful example for differentiation.
In particular, you can navigate from the attributes page to the properties via "DOM interface" link, and navigate the inheritance hierarchy up to `HTMLTableCellElement`.
#### Example 1: an `<input>`
When the browser renders `<input type="text" value="Sarah">`, it creates a
corresponding DOM node with a `value` property initialized to "Sarah".
```html
<input type="text" value="Sarah">
```
When the user enters "Sally" into the `<input>`, the DOM element `value` *property* becomes "Sally".
However, if you look at the HTML attribute `value` using `input.getAttribute('value')`, you can see that the *attribute* remains unchanged&mdash;it returns "Sarah".
The HTML attribute `value` specifies the *initial* value; the DOM `value` property is the *current* value.
To see attributes versus DOM properties in a functioning app, see the <live-example name="binding-syntax"></live-example> especially for binding syntax.
#### Example 2: a disabled button
The `disabled` attribute is another example. A button's `disabled`
*property* is `false` by default so the button is enabled.
When you add the `disabled` *attribute*, its presence alone
initializes the button's `disabled` *property* to `true`
so the button is disabled.
```html
<button disabled>Test Button</button>
```
Adding and removing the `disabled` *attribute* disables and enables the button.
However, the value of the *attribute* is irrelevant,
which is why you cannot enable a button by writing `<button disabled="false">Still Disabled</button>`.
To control the state of the button, set the `disabled` *property*,
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Though you could technically set the `[attr.disabled]` attribute binding, the values are different in that the property binding requires to a boolean value, while its corresponding attribute binding relies on whether the value is `null` or not. Consider the following:
```html
<input [disabled]="condition ? true : false">
<input [attr.disabled]="condition ? 'disabled' : null">
```
Generally, use property binding over attribute binding as it is more intuitive (being a boolean value), has a shorter syntax, and is more performant.
</div>
To see the `disabled` button example in a functioning app, see the <live-example name="binding-syntax"></live-example> especially for binding syntax. This example shows you how to toggle the disabled property from the component.
## Binding types and targets
The **target of a data-binding** is something in the DOM.
Depending on the binding type, the target can be a property (element, component, or directive),
an event (element, component, or directive), or sometimes an attribute name.
The following table summarizes the targets for the different binding types.
<style>
td, th {vertical-align: top}
</style>
<table width="100%">
<col width="10%">
</col>
<col width="15%">
</col>
<col width="75%">
</col>
<tr>
<th>
Type
</th>
<th>
Target
</th>
<th>
Examples
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Property
</td>
<td>
Element&nbsp;property<br>
Component&nbsp;property<br>
Directive&nbsp;property
</td>
<td>
<code>src</code>, <code>hero</code>, and <code>ngClass</code> in the following:
<code-example path="template-syntax/src/app/app.component.html" region="property-binding-syntax-1"></code-example>
<!-- For more information, see [Property Binding](guide/property-binding). -->
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Event
</td>
<td>
Element&nbsp;event<br>
Component&nbsp;event<br>
Directive&nbsp;event
</td>
<td>
<code>click</code>, <code>deleteRequest</code>, and <code>myClick</code> in the following:
<code-example path="template-syntax/src/app/app.component.html" region="event-binding-syntax-1"></code-example>
<!-- KW--Why don't these links work in the table? -->
<!-- <div>For more information, see [Event Binding](guide/event-binding).</div> -->
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Two-way
</td>
<td>
Event and property
</td>
<td>
<code-example path="template-syntax/src/app/app.component.html" region="2-way-binding-syntax-1"></code-example>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Attribute
</td>
<td>
Attribute
(the&nbsp;exception)
</td>
<td>
<code-example path="template-syntax/src/app/app.component.html" region="attribute-binding-syntax-1"></code-example>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Class
</td>
<td>
<code>class</code> property
</td>
<td>
<code-example path="template-syntax/src/app/app.component.html" region="class-binding-syntax-1"></code-example>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Style
</td>
<td>
<code>style</code> property
</td>
<td>
<code-example path="template-syntax/src/app/app.component.html" region="style-binding-syntax-1"></code-example>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

View File

@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ For example:
// __Zone_enable_cross_context_check = true;
&lt;/script>
&lt;!-- zone.js required by Angular -->
&lt;script src="node_modules/zone.js/bundles/zone.umd.js">&lt;/script>
&lt;script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js">&lt;/script>
&lt;!-- application polyfills -->
</code-example>

View File

@ -262,33 +262,6 @@ Each budget entry is a JSON object with the following properties:
</table>
{@a commonjs }
## Configuring CommonJS dependencies
<div class="alert is-important">
It is recommended that you avoid depending on CommonJS modules in your Angular applications.
Depending on CommonJS modules can prevent bundlers and minifiers from optimizing your application, which results in larger bundle sizes.
Instead, it is recommended that you use [ECMAScript modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/import) in your entire application.
For more information, see [How CommonJS is making your bundles larger](https://web.dev/commonjs-larger-bundles/).
</div>
The Angular CLI outputs warnings if it detects that your browser application depends on CommonJS modules.
To disable these warnings, you can add the CommonJS module name to `allowedCommonJsDependencies` option in the `build` options located in `angular.json` file.
<code-example lang="json">
"build": {
"builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:browser",
"options": {
"allowedCommonJsDependencies": [
"lodash"
]
...
}
...
},
</code-example>
{@a browser-compat}

View File

@ -1,435 +0,0 @@
# Built-in directives
Angular offers two kinds of built-in directives: [_attribute_ directives](guide/attribute-directives) and [_structural_ directives](guide/structural-directives).
<div class="alert is-helpful">
See the <live-example></live-example> for a working example containing the code snippets in this guide.
</div>
For more detail, including how to build your own custom directives, see [Attribute Directives](guide/attribute-directives) and [Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives).
<hr/>
{@a attribute-directives}
## Built-in attribute directives
Attribute directives listen to and modify the behavior of
other HTML elements, attributes, properties, and components.
You usually apply them to elements as if they were HTML attributes, hence the name.
Many NgModules such as the [`RouterModule`](guide/router "Routing and Navigation")
and the [`FormsModule`](guide/forms "Forms") define their own attribute directives.
The most common attribute directives are as follows:
* [`NgClass`](guide/built-in-directives#ngClass)&mdash;adds and removes a set of CSS classes.
* [`NgStyle`](guide/built-in-directives#ngStyle)&mdash;adds and removes a set of HTML styles.
* [`NgModel`](guide/built-in-directives#ngModel)&mdash;adds two-way data binding to an HTML form element.
<hr/>
{@a ngClass}
## `NgClass`
Add or remove several CSS classes simultaneously with `ngClass`.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="special-div" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
To add or remove a *single* class, use [class binding](guide/attribute-binding#class-binding) rather than `NgClass`.
</div>
Consider a `setCurrentClasses()` component method that sets a component property,
`currentClasses`, with an object that adds or removes three classes based on the
`true`/`false` state of three other component properties. Each key of the object is a CSS class name; its value is `true` if the class should be added,
`false` if it should be removed.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.ts" region="setClasses" header="src/app/app.component.ts"></code-example>
Adding an `ngClass` property binding to `currentClasses` sets the element's classes accordingly:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgClass-1" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Remember that in this situation you'd call `setCurrentClasses()`,
both initially and when the dependent properties change.
</div>
<hr/>
{@a ngStyle}
## `NgStyle`
Use `NgStyle` to set many inline styles simultaneously and dynamically, based on the state of the component.
### Without `NgStyle`
For context, consider setting a *single* style value with [style binding](guide/attribute-binding#style-binding), without `NgStyle`.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="without-ng-style" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
However, to set *many* inline styles at the same time, use the `NgStyle` directive.
The following is a `setCurrentStyles()` method that sets a component
property, `currentStyles`, with an object that defines three styles,
based on the state of three other component properties:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.ts" region="setStyles" header="src/app/app.component.ts"></code-example>
Adding an `ngStyle` property binding to `currentStyles` sets the element's styles accordingly:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgStyle-2" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Remember to call `setCurrentStyles()`, both initially and when the dependent properties change.
</div>
<hr/>
{@a ngModel}
## `[(ngModel)]`: Two-way binding
The `NgModel` directive allows you to display a data property and
update that property when the user makes changes. Here's an example:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" header="src/app/app.component.html (NgModel example)" region="NgModel-1"></code-example>
### Import `FormsModule` to use `ngModel`
Before using the `ngModel` directive in a two-way data binding,
you must import the `FormsModule` and add it to the NgModule's `imports` list.
Learn more about the `FormsModule` and `ngModel` in [Forms](guide/forms#ngModel).
Remember to import the `FormsModule` to make `[(ngModel)]` available as follows:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.module.ts" header="src/app/app.module.ts (FormsModule import)" region="import-forms-module"></code-example>
You could achieve the same result with separate bindings to
the `<input>` element's `value` property and `input` event:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="without-NgModel" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
To streamline the syntax, the `ngModel` directive hides the details behind its own `ngModel` input and `ngModelChange` output properties:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgModelChange" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
The `ngModel` data property sets the element's value property and the `ngModelChange` event property
listens for changes to the element's value.
### `NgModel` and value accessors
The details are specific to each kind of element and therefore the `NgModel` directive only works for an element
supported by a [ControlValueAccessor](api/forms/ControlValueAccessor)
that adapts an element to this protocol.
Angular provides *value accessors* for all of the basic HTML form elements and the
[Forms](guide/forms) guide shows how to bind to them.
You can't apply `[(ngModel)]` to a non-form native element or a
third-party custom component until you write a suitable value accessor. For more information, see
the API documentation on [DefaultValueAccessor](https://angular.io/api/forms/DefaultValueAccessor).
You don't need a value accessor for an Angular component that
you write because you can name the value and event properties
to suit Angular's basic [two-way binding syntax](guide/two-way-binding)
and skip `NgModel` altogether.
The `sizer` in the
[Two-way Binding](guide/two-way-binding) section is an example of this technique.
Separate `ngModel` bindings are an improvement over binding to the
element's native properties, but you can streamline the binding with a
single declaration using the `[(ngModel)]` syntax:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgModel-1" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
This `[(ngModel)]` syntax can only _set_ a data-bound property.
If you need to do something more, you can write the expanded form;
for example, the following changes the `<input>` value to uppercase:
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="uppercase" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Here are all variations in action, including the uppercase version:
<div class="lightbox">
<img src='generated/images/guide/built-in-directives/ng-model-anim.gif' alt="NgModel variations">
</div>
<hr/>
{@a structural-directives}
## Built-in _structural_ directives
Structural directives are responsible for HTML layout.
They shape or reshape the DOM's structure, typically by adding, removing, and manipulating
the host elements to which they are attached.
This section is an introduction to the common built-in structural directives:
* [`NgIf`](guide/built-in-directives#ngIf)&mdash;conditionally creates or destroys subviews from the template.
* [`NgFor`](guide/built-in-directives#ngFor)&mdash;repeat a node for each item in a list.
* [`NgSwitch`](guide/built-in-directives#ngSwitch)&mdash;a set of directives that switch among alternative views.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
The deep details of structural directives are covered in the
[Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives) guide,
which explains the following:
* Why you
[prefix the directive name with an asterisk (\*)](guide/structural-directives#the-asterisk--prefix).
* Using [`<ng-container>`](guide/structural-directives#ngcontainer "<ng-container>")
to group elements when there is no suitable host element for the directive.
* How to write your own structural directive.
* That you can only apply [one structural directive](guide/structural-directives#one-per-element "one per host element") to an element.
</div>
<hr/>
{@a ngIf}
## NgIf
You can add or remove an element from the DOM by applying an `NgIf` directive to
a host element.
Bind the directive to a condition expression like `isActive` in this example.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgIf-1" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Don't forget the asterisk (`*`) in front of `ngIf`. For more information
on the asterisk, see the [asterisk (*) prefix](guide/structural-directives#the-asterisk--prefix) section of
[Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives).
</div>
When the `isActive` expression returns a truthy value, `NgIf` adds the
`ItemDetailComponent` to the DOM.
When the expression is falsy, `NgIf` removes the `ItemDetailComponent`
from the DOM, destroying that component and all of its sub-components.
### Show/hide vs. `NgIf`
Hiding an element is different from removing it with `NgIf`.
For comparison, the following example shows how to control
the visibility of an element with a
[class](guide/attribute-binding#class-binding) or [style](guide/attribute-binding#style-binding) binding.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgIf-3" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
When you hide an element, that element and all of its descendants remain in the DOM.
All components for those elements stay in memory and
Angular may continue to check for changes.
You could be holding onto considerable computing resources and degrading performance
unnecessarily.
`NgIf` works differently. When `NgIf` is `false`, Angular removes the element and its descendants from the DOM.
It destroys their components, freeing up resources, which
results in a better user experience.
If you are hiding large component trees, consider `NgIf` as a more
efficient alternative to showing/hiding.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
For more information on `NgIf` and `ngIfElse`, see the [API documentation about NgIf](api/common/NgIf).
</div>
### Guard against null
Another advantage of `ngIf` is that you can use it to guard against null. Show/hide
is best suited for very simple use cases, so when you need a guard, opt instead for `ngIf`. Angular will throw an error if a nested expression tries to access a property of `null`.
The following shows `NgIf` guarding two `<div>`s.
The `currentCustomer` name appears only when there is a `currentCustomer`.
The `nullCustomer` will not be displayed as long as it is `null`.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgIf-2" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgIf-2b" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
See also the
[safe navigation operator](guide/template-expression-operators#safe-navigation-operator "Safe navigation operator (?.)") below.
</div>
<hr/>
{@a ngFor}
## `NgFor`
`NgFor` is a repeater directive&mdash;a way to present a list of items.
You define a block of HTML that defines how a single item should be displayed
and then you tell Angular to use that block as a template for rendering each item in the list.
The text assigned to `*ngFor` is the instruction that guides the repeater process.
The following example shows `NgFor` applied to a simple `<div>`. (Don't forget the asterisk (`*`) in front of `ngFor`.)
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgFor-1" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Don't forget the asterisk (`*`) in front of `ngFor`. For more information
on the asterisk, see the [asterisk (*) prefix](guide/structural-directives#the-asterisk--prefix) section of
[Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives).
</div>
You can also apply an `NgFor` to a component element, as in the following example.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgFor-2" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
{@a microsyntax}
<div class="callout is-critical">
<header>*ngFor microsyntax</header>
The string assigned to `*ngFor` is not a [template expression](guide/interpolation). Rather,
it's a *microsyntax*&mdash;a little language of its own that Angular interprets.
The string `"let item of items"` means:
> *Take each item in the `items` array, store it in the local `item` looping variable, and
make it available to the templated HTML for each iteration.*
Angular translates this instruction into an `<ng-template>` around the host element,
then uses this template repeatedly to create a new set of elements and bindings for each `item`
in the list.
For more information about microsyntax, see the [Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives#microsyntax) guide.
</div>
{@a template-input-variable}
{@a template-input-variables}
### Template input variables
The `let` keyword before `item` creates a template input variable called `item`.
The `ngFor` directive iterates over the `items` array returned by the parent component's `items` property
and sets `item` to the current item from the array during each iteration.
Reference `item` within the `ngFor` host element
as well as within its descendants to access the item's properties.
The following example references `item` first in an interpolation
and then passes in a binding to the `item` property of the `<app-item-detail>` component.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgFor-1-2" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
For more information about template input variables, see
[Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives#template-input-variable).
### `*ngFor` with `index`
The `index` property of the `NgFor` directive context
returns the zero-based index of the item in each iteration.
You can capture the `index` in a template input variable and use it in the template.
The next example captures the `index` in a variable named `i` and displays it with the item name.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgFor-3" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
`NgFor` is implemented by the `NgForOf` directive. Read more about the other `NgForOf` context values such as `last`, `even`,
and `odd` in the [NgForOf API reference](api/common/NgForOf).
</div>
{@a trackBy}
### *ngFor with `trackBy`
If you use `NgFor` with large lists, a small change to one item, such as removing or adding an item, can trigger a cascade of DOM manipulations. For example, re-querying the server could reset a list with all new item objects, even when those items were previously displayed. In this case, Angular sees only a fresh list of new object references and has no choice but to replace the old DOM elements with all new DOM elements.
You can make this more efficient with `trackBy`.
Add a method to the component that returns the value `NgFor` should track.
In this case, that value is the hero's `id`. If the `id` has already been rendered,
Angular keeps track of it and doesn't re-query the server for the same `id`.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.ts" region="trackByItems" header="src/app/app.component.ts"></code-example>
In the microsyntax expression, set `trackBy` to the `trackByItems()` method.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="trackBy" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Here is an illustration of the `trackBy` effect.
"Reset items" creates new items with the same `item.id`s.
"Change ids" creates new items with new `item.id`s.
* With no `trackBy`, both buttons trigger complete DOM element replacement.
* With `trackBy`, only changing the `id` triggers element replacement.
<div class="lightbox">
<img src="generated/images/guide/built-in-directives/ngfor-trackby.gif" alt="Animation of trackBy">
</div>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Built-in directives use only public APIs; that is,
they do not have special access to any private APIs that other directives can't access.
</div>
<hr/>
{@a ngSwitch}
## The `NgSwitch` directives
NgSwitch is like the JavaScript `switch` statement.
It displays one element from among several possible elements, based on a switch condition.
Angular puts only the selected element into the DOM.
<!-- API Flagged -->
`NgSwitch` is actually a set of three, cooperating directives:
`NgSwitch`, `NgSwitchCase`, and `NgSwitchDefault` as in the following example.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgSwitch" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
<div class="lightbox">
<img src="generated/images/guide/built-in-directives/ngswitch.gif" alt="Animation of NgSwitch">
</div>
`NgSwitch` is the controller directive. Bind it to an expression that returns
the *switch value*, such as `feature`. Though the `feature` value in this
example is a string, the switch value can be of any type.
**Bind to `[ngSwitch]`**. You'll get an error if you try to set `*ngSwitch` because
`NgSwitch` is an *attribute* directive, not a *structural* directive.
Rather than touching the DOM directly, it changes the behavior of its companion directives.
**Bind to `*ngSwitchCase` and `*ngSwitchDefault`**.
The `NgSwitchCase` and `NgSwitchDefault` directives are _structural_ directives
because they add or remove elements from the DOM.
* `NgSwitchCase` adds its element to the DOM when its bound value equals the switch value and removes
its bound value when it doesn't equal the switch value.
* `NgSwitchDefault` adds its element to the DOM when there is no selected `NgSwitchCase`.
The switch directives are particularly useful for adding and removing *component elements*.
This example switches among four `item` components defined in the `item-switch.components.ts` file.
Each component has an `item` [input property](guide/inputs-outputs#input "Input property")
which is bound to the `currentItem` of the parent component.
Switch directives work as well with native elements and web components too.
For example, you could replace the `<app-best-item>` switch case with the following.
<code-example path="built-in-directives/src/app/app.component.html" region="NgSwitch-div" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>

View File

@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><b>platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule</b>(AppModule);</code></td>
<td><p>Carga la app, usando el componente raíz del <code>NgModule</code> especificado.</p>
<td><p>Bootstraps the app, using the root component from the specified <code>NgModule</code>. </p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
@ -24,372 +24,370 @@
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>@<b>NgModule</b>({ declarations: ..., imports: ...,<br> exports: ..., providers: ..., bootstrap: ...})<br>class MyModule {}</code></td>
<td><p>Define un módulo que contiene componentes, directivas, pipes y proveedores.</p>
<td><p>Defines a module that contains components, directives, pipes, and providers.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>declarations:</b> [MyRedComponent, MyBlueComponent, MyDatePipe]</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de componentes, directivas y pipes que pertenecen a este módulo.</p>
<td><p>List of components, directives, and pipes that belong to this module.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>imports:</b> [BrowserModule, SomeOtherModule]</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de módulos para importar en este módulo. Todo, desde los módulos importados,
está disponible para las declaraciones (<code>declarations</code>) de este módulo.
<td><p>List of modules to import into this module. Everything from the imported modules
is available to <code>declarations</code> of this module.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>exports:</b> [MyRedComponent, MyDatePipe]</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de componentes, directivas y pipes visibles a los módulos que importan este módulo.</p>
<td><p>List of components, directives, and pipes visible to modules that import this module.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>providers:</b> [MyService, { provide: ... }]</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de proveedores de inyección de dependencias visibles tanto para los contenidos de este módulo como para los importadores de este módulo.</p>
<td><p>List of dependency injection providers visible both to the contents of this module and to importers of this module.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>entryComponents:</b> [SomeComponent, OtherComponent]</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de componentes no referenciados en cualquier plantilla accesible, por ejemplo, creada dinámicamente a partir de código.</p></td>
<td><p>List of components not referenced in any reachable template, for example dynamically created from code.</p></td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>bootstrap:</b> [MyAppComponent]</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de componentes a empaquetar cuando este módulo se inicia.</p>
<td><p>List of components to bootstrap when this module is bootstrapped.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Sintaxis de plantilla</th>
<th>Template syntax</th>
<th></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>&lt;input <b>[value]</b>="firstName"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula la propiedad <code>value</code> al resultado de la expresn <code>firstName</code>.</p>
<td><p>Binds property <code>value</code> to the result of expression <code>firstName</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;div <b>[attr.role]</b>="myAriaRole"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula el atributo <code>role</code> al resultado de la expresn <code>myAriaRole</code>.</p>
<td><p>Binds attribute <code>role</code> to the result of expression <code>myAriaRole</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;div <b>[class.extra-sparkle]</b>="isDelightful"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula la presencia de la clase CSS <code>extra-sparkle</code> sobre el elemento a la veracidad de la expresn <code>isDelightful</code>.</p>
<td><p>Binds the presence of the CSS class <code>extra-sparkle</code> on the element to the truthiness of the expression <code>isDelightful</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;div <b>[style.width.px]</b>="mySize"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula la propiedad de estilo <code>width</code> al resultado de la expresn <code>mySize</code> en píxeles. La unidad de medida es opcional.</p>
<td><p>Binds style property <code>width</code> to the result of expression <code>mySize</code> in pixels. Units are optional.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;button <b>(click)</b>="readRainbow($event)"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Llama al método <code>readRainbow</code> cuando se lanza un evento click en este elemento botón (o sus hijos) y pasa por argumento el objeto evento.</p>
<td><p>Calls method <code>readRainbow</code> when a click event is triggered on this button element (or its children) and passes in the event object.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;div title="Hola <b>{{ponyName}}</b>"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula una propiedad a una cadena interpolada, por ejemplo, "Hola Seabiscuit". Equivalente a:
<td><code>&lt;div title="Hello <b>{{ponyName}}</b>"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Binds a property to an interpolated string, for example, "Hello Seabiscuit". Equivalent to:
<code>&lt;div [title]="'Hola ' + ponyName"&gt;</code></p>
<code>&lt;div [title]="'Hello ' + ponyName"&gt;</code></p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;p&gt;Hola <b>{{ponyName}}</b>&lt;/p&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula el contenido de texto a una cadena interpolada, por ejemplo, "Hola Seabiscuit".</p>
<td><code>&lt;p&gt;Hello <b>{{ponyName}}</b>&lt;/p&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Binds text content to an interpolated string, for example, "Hello Seabiscuit".</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;my-cmp <b>[(title)]</b>="name"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Establece el two-way data binding. Equivalente a: <code>&lt;my-cmp [title]="name" (titleChange)="name=$event"&gt;</code></p>
<td><p>Sets up two-way data binding. Equivalent to: <code>&lt;my-cmp [title]="name" (titleChange)="name=$event"&gt;</code></p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;video <b>#movieplayer</b> ...&gt;<br> &lt;button <b>(click)</b>="movieplayer.play()"&gt;<br>&lt;/video&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Crea una variable local <code>movieplayer</code> que provee acceso a la instancia del elemento <code>video</code> en las expresiones de data-binding y event-binding de la actual plantilla.</p>
<td><p>Creates a local variable <code>movieplayer</code> that provides access to the <code>video</code> element instance in data-binding and event-binding expressions in the current template.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;p <b>*myUnless</b>="myExpression"&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>El símbolo <code>*</code> convierte el elemento actual en una plantilla incrustada. Equivalente a:
<td><p>The <code>*</code> symbol turns the current element into an embedded template. Equivalent to:
<code>&lt;ng-template [myUnless]="myExpression"&gt;&lt;p&gt;...&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/ng-template&gt;</code></p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;p&gt;Card No.: <b>{{cardNumber | myCardNumberFormatter}}</b>&lt;/p&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Transforma el valor actual de la expresn <code>cardNumber</code> a través de la pipe <code>myCardNumberFormatter</code>.</p>
<td><p>Transforms the current value of expression <code>cardNumber</code> via the pipe called <code>myCardNumberFormatter</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;p&gt;Employer: <b>{{employer?.companyName}}</b>&lt;/p&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>El operador de navegación seguro (<code>?</code>) significa que el campo <code>employer</code> es opcional y que si es <code>undefined</code>, el resto de la expresión debería ser ignorado.</p>
<td><p>The safe navigation operator (<code>?</code>) means that the <code>employer</code> field is optional and if <code>undefined</code>, the rest of the expression should be ignored.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;<b>svg:</b>rect x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100"/&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Una plantilla de fragmento SVG necesita un prefijo <code>svg:</code> en su elemento raíz para distinguir el elemento SVG de un componente HTML.</p>
<td><p>An SVG snippet template needs an <code>svg:</code> prefix on its root element to disambiguate the SVG element from an HTML component.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;<b>svg</b>&gt;<br> &lt;rect x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100"/&gt;<br>&lt;/<b>svg</b>&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Un elemento raíz <code>&lt;svg&gt;</code> es detectado como un elemento SVG automáticamente, sin el prefijo.</p>
<td><p>An <code>&lt;svg&gt;</code> root element is detected as an SVG element automatically, without the prefix.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Directivas incorporadas</th>
<th>Built-in directives</th>
<th><p><code>import { CommonModule } from '@angular/common';</code>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>&lt;section <b>*ngIf</b>="showSection"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Elimina o recrea una parte del árbol DOM basado en la expresión <code>showSection</code>.</p>
<td><p>Removes or recreates a portion of the DOM tree based on the <code>showSection</code> expression.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;li <b>*ngFor</b>="let item of list"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Convierte el elemento li y su contenido en una plantilla, y lo utiliza para crear una vista por cada elemento de la lista.</p>
<td><p>Turns the li element and its contents into a template, and uses that to instantiate a view for each item in list.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;div <b>[ngSwitch]</b>="conditionExpression"&gt;<br> &lt;ng-template <b>[<b>ngSwitchCase</b>]</b>="case1Exp"&gt;...&lt;/ng-template&gt;<br> &lt;ng-template <b>ngSwitchCase</b>="case2LiteralString"&gt;...&lt;/ng-template&gt;<br> &lt;ng-template <b>ngSwitchDefault</b>&gt;...&lt;/ng-template&gt;<br>&lt;/div&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Intercambia condicionalmente el contenido del div seleccionando una de las plantillas incrustadas en función del valor actual de <code>conditionExpression</code>.</p>
<td><p>Conditionally swaps the contents of the div by selecting one of the embedded templates based on the current value of <code>conditionExpression</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;div <b>[ngClass]</b>="{'active': isActive, 'disabled': isDisabled}"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula la presencia de clases CSS en el elemento a la veracidad de los valores de mapa asociados. La expresión de la derecha debería devolver el mapa {class-name: true/false}.</p>
<td><p>Binds the presence of CSS classes on the element to the truthiness of the associated map values. The right-hand expression should return {class-name: true/false} map.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>&lt;div <b>[ngStyle]</b>="{'property': 'value'}"&gt;</code><br><code>&lt;div <b>[ngStyle]</b>="dynamicStyles()"&gt;</code></td>
<p>Te permite asignar estilos a un elemento HTML usando CSS. Puedes usar CSS directamente, como en el primer ejemplo, o puedes llamar a un método desde el componente.</p>
<td><p>Allows you to assign styles to an HTML element using CSS. You can use CSS directly, as in the first example, or you can call a method from the component.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Formularios</th>
<th>Forms</th>
<th><p><code>import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';</code>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>&lt;input <b>[(ngModel)]</b>="userName"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Provee two-way data-binding, conversión y validación para controles de formulario.</p>
<td><p>Provides two-way data-binding, parsing, and validation for form controls.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Decoradores de clases</th>
<th>Class decorators</th>
<th><p><code>import { Directive, ... } from '@angular/core';</code>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><b>@Component({...})</b><br>class MyComponent() {}</code></td>
<td><p>Declara que una clase es un componente y proporciona metadatos sobre el componente.</p>
<td><p>Declares that a class is a component and provides metadata about the component.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@Directive({...})</b><br>class MyDirective() {}</code></td>
<td><p>Declara que una clase es una directiva y proporciona metadatos sobre la directiva.</p>
<td><p>Declares that a class is a directive and provides metadata about the directive.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@Pipe({...})</b><br>class MyPipe() {}</code></td>
<td><p>Declara que una clase es una pipe y proporciona metadatos sobre la pipe.</p>
<td><p>Declares that a class is a pipe and provides metadata about the pipe.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@Injectable()</b><br>class MyService() {}</code></td>
<td><p>Declara que una clase puede ser proporcionada e inyectada por otras clases. Sin este decorador, el compilador no generará suficientes metadatos para permitir que la clase se cree correctamente cuando se inyecta en alguna parte.</p>
<td><p>Declares that a class can be provided and injected by other classes. Without this decorator, the compiler won't generate enough metadata to allow the class to be created properly when it's injected somewhere.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Configuración de Directiva</th>
<th>Directive configuration</th>
<th><p><code>@Directive({ property1: value1, ... })</code>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><b>selector:</b> '.cool-button:not(a)'</code></td>
<td><p>Especifica un selector CSS que identifica esta directiva dentro de una plantilla. Los selectores compatibles incluyen <code>element</code>,
<td><p>Specifies a CSS selector that identifies this directive within a template. Supported selectors include <code>element</code>,
<code>[attribute]</code>, <code>.class</code>, and <code>:not()</code>.</p>
<p>No soporta selectores de relación padre-hijo.</p>
<p>Does not support parent-child relationship selectors.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>providers:</b> [MyService, { provide: ... }]</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de proveedores de inyección de dependencia para esta directiva y sus hijos.</p>
<td><p>List of dependency injection providers for this directive and its children.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Configuración de Componente</th>
<th>Component configuration</th>
<th><p>
<code>@Component</code> extiende <code>@Directive</code>,
entonces la configuración de <code>@Directive</code> se aplica también a los componentes</p>
<code>@Component</code> extends <code>@Directive</code>,
so the <code>@Directive</code> configuration applies to components as well</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><b>moduleId:</b> module.id</code></td>
<td><p>Si está presente, el <code>templateUrl</code> y <code>styleUrl</code> se resuelven en relación con el componente.</p>
<td><p>If set, the <code>templateUrl</code> and <code>styleUrl</code> are resolved relative to the component.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>viewProviders:</b> [MyService, { provide: ... }]</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de proveedores de inyección de dependencias en la vista de este componente.</p>
<td><p>List of dependency injection providers scoped to this component's view.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>template:</b> 'Hola {{name}}'<br><b>templateUrl:</b> 'my-component.html'</code></td>
<td><p>Plantilla en línea o URL de plantilla externa de la vista del componente.</p>
<td><code><b>template:</b> 'Hello {{name}}'<br><b>templateUrl:</b> 'my-component.html'</code></td>
<td><p>Inline template or external template URL of the component's view.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>styles:</b> ['.primary {color: red}']<br><b>styleUrls:</b> ['my-component.css']</code></td>
<td><p>Lista de estilos CSS en línea o URL de hojas de estilo externas para estilar la vista del componente.</p>
<td><p>List of inline CSS styles or external stylesheet URLs for styling the components view.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Decoradores para los campos de la clase para directivas y componentes.</th>
<th>Class field decorators for directives and components</th>
<th><p><code>import { Input, ... } from '@angular/core';</code>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><b>@Input()</b> myProperty;</code></td>
<td><p>Declara una propiedad de entrada (input) que puede actualizar mediante el enlace de propiedad (property binding) (ejemplo:
<td><p>Declares an input property that you can update via property binding (example:
<code>&lt;my-cmp [myProperty]="someExpression"&gt;</code>).</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@Output()</b> myEvent = new EventEmitter();</code></td>
<td><p>Declara una propiedad de salida (output) que dispara eventos a los que puedes suscribirse con un enlace de evento (event binding) (ejemplo: <code>&lt;my-cmp (myEvent)="doSomething()"&gt;</code>).</p>
<td><p>Declares an output property that fires events that you can subscribe to with an event binding (example: <code>&lt;my-cmp (myEvent)="doSomething()"&gt;</code>).</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@HostBinding('class.valid')</b> isValid;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula una propiedad del elemento anfitrión (aquí, la clase CSS <code>valid</code>) a una propiedad de directiva/componente (<code>isValid</code>).</p>
<td><p>Binds a host element property (here, the CSS class <code>valid</code>) to a directive/component property (<code>isValid</code>).</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@HostListener('click', ['$event'])</b> onClick(e) {...}</code></td>
<td><p>Se suscribe a un evento del elemento anfitrión (<code>click</code>) con un método de directiva/componente (<code>onClick</code>), opcionalmente, pasando un argumento (<code>$event</code>).</p>
<td><p>Subscribes to a host element event (<code>click</code>) with a directive/component method (<code>onClick</code>), optionally passing an argument (<code>$event</code>).</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@ContentChild(myPredicate)</b> myChildComponent;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula el primer resultado de la consulta de contenido del componente (<code>myPredicate</code>) a una propiedad (<code>myChildComponent</code>) de la clase.</p>
<td><p>Binds the first result of the component content query (<code>myPredicate</code>) to a property (<code>myChildComponent</code>) of the class.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@ContentChildren(myPredicate)</b> myChildComponents;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula los resultados de la consulta de contenido del componente (<code>myPredicate</code>) a una propiedad (<code>myChildComponents</code>) de la clase.</p>
<td><p>Binds the results of the component content query (<code>myPredicate</code>) to a property (<code>myChildComponents</code>) of the class.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@ViewChild(myPredicate)</b> myChildComponent;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula el primer resultado de la consulta de vista del componente (<code>myPredicate</code>) a una propiedad (<code>myChildComponent</code>) de la clase. No disponible para directivas.</p>
<td><p>Binds the first result of the component view query (<code>myPredicate</code>) to a property (<code>myChildComponent</code>) of the class. Not available for directives.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>@ViewChildren(myPredicate)</b> myChildComponents;</code></td>
<td><p>Vincula los resultados de la consulta de vista del componente (<code>myPredicate</code>) a una propiedad (<code>myChildComponents</code>) de la clase. No disponible para directivas.</p>
<td><p>Binds the results of the component view query (<code>myPredicate</code>) to a property (<code>myChildComponents</code>) of the class. Not available for directives.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Detección de cambios (change detection) y ciclos de vida (lifecycle hooks) en directivas y componentes</th>
<th><p>(implementado como métodos de clase)
<th>Directive and component change detection and lifecycle hooks</th>
<th><p>(implemented as class methods)
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code><b>constructor(myService: MyService, ...)</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama antes que cualquier ciclo de vida. Úselo para inyectar dependencias, pero evite cualquier trabajo serio aquí.</p>
<td><p>Called before any other lifecycle hook. Use it to inject dependencies, but avoid any serious work here.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>ngOnChanges(changeRecord)</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama después de cada cambio en las propiedades de entrada (input) y antes de procesar contenido o vistas de hijos.</p>
<td><p>Called after every change to input properties and before processing content or child views.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>ngOnInit()</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama después del constructor, inicializando propiedades de entrada (input), y la primera llamada a <code>ngOnChanges</code>.</p>
<td><p>Called after the constructor, initializing input properties, and the first call to <code>ngOnChanges</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>ngDoCheck()</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama cada vez que se verifican las propiedades de entrada (input) de un componente o una directiva. Úselo para extender la detección de cambios (change detection) realizando una verificación personalizada.</p>
<td><p>Called every time that the input properties of a component or a directive are checked. Use it to extend change detection by performing a custom check.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>ngAfterContentInit()</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama después de <code>ngOnInit</code> cuando el contenido del componente o directiva ha sido inicializado.</p>
<td><p>Called after <code>ngOnInit</code> when the component's or directive's content has been initialized.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>ngAfterContentChecked()</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama después de cada verificación del contenido del componente o directiva.</p>
<td><p>Called after every check of the component's or directive's content.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>ngAfterViewInit()</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama después de <code>ngAfterContentInit</code> cuando las vistas del componente y las vistas hijas / la vista en la que se encuentra una directiva ha sido inicializado.</p>
<td><p>Called after <code>ngAfterContentInit</code> when the component's views and child views / the view that a directive is in has been initialized.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>ngAfterViewChecked()</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama después de cada verificación de las vistas del componentes y las vistas hijas / la vista en la que se encuentra una directiva.</p>
<td><p>Called after every check of the component's views and child views / the view that a directive is in.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><b>ngOnDestroy()</b> { ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Se llama una vez, antes de que la instancia se destruya.</p>
<td><p>Called once, before the instance is destroyed.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Configuración de inyección de dependencia</th>
<th>Dependency injection configuration</th>
<th></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>{ <b>provide</b>: MyService, <b>useClass</b>: MyMockService }</code></td>
<td><p>Establece o sobre-escribe el proveedor para <code>MyService</code> en la clase <code>MyMockService</code>.</p>
<td><p>Sets or overrides the provider for <code>MyService</code> to the <code>MyMockService</code> class.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>{ <b>provide</b>: MyService, <b>useFactory</b>: myFactory }</code></td>
<td><p>Establece o sobre-escribe el proveedor para <code>MyService</code> en la factoría de función <code>myFactory</code>.</p>
<td><p>Sets or overrides the provider for <code>MyService</code> to the <code>myFactory</code> factory function.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>{ <b>provide</b>: MyValue, <b>useValue</b>: 41 }</code></td>
<td><p>Establece o sobre-escribe el proveedor para <code>MyValue</code> al valor <code>41</code>.</p>
<td><p>Sets or overrides the provider for <code>MyValue</code> to the value <code>41</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="is-full-width is-fixed-layout">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Enrutamiento y navegación</th>
<th>Routing and navigation</th>
<th><p><code>import { Routes, RouterModule, ... } from '@angular/router';</code>
</p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>const routes: <b>Routes</b> = [<br> { path: '', component: HomeComponent },<br> { path: 'path/:routeParam', component: MyComponent },<br> { path: 'staticPath', component: ... },<br> { path: '**', component: ... },<br> { path: 'oldPath', redirectTo: '/staticPath' },<br> { path: ..., component: ..., data: { message: 'Custom' } }<br>]);<br><br>const routing = RouterModule.forRoot(routes);</code></td>
<td><p>Configura rutas para la aplicación. Soporta rutas estáticas, parametrizadas, de redireccionamiento y comodines. También soporta datos de ruta personalizados y los resuelve.</p>
<td><p>Configures routes for the application. Supports static, parameterized, redirect, and wildcard routes. Also supports custom route data and resolve.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><br>&lt;<b>router-outlet</b>&gt;&lt;/<b>router-outlet</b>&gt;<br>&lt;<b>router-outlet</b> name="aux"&gt;&lt;/<b>router-outlet</b>&gt;<br></code></td>
<td><p>Marca la ubicación para cargar el componente de la ruta activa.</p>
<td><p>Marks the location to load the component of the active route.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code><br>&lt;a routerLink="/path"&gt;<br>&lt;a <b>[routerLink]</b>="[ '/path', routeParam ]"&gt;<br>&lt;a <b>[routerLink]</b>="[ '/path', { matrixParam: 'value' } ]"&gt;<br>&lt;a <b>[routerLink]</b>="[ '/path' ]" [queryParams]="{ page: 1 }"&gt;<br>&lt;a <b>[routerLink]</b>="[ '/path' ]" fragment="anchor"&gt;<br></code></td>
<td><p>Crea un enlace a una vista diferente basada en una instrucción de ruta que consta de un camino de de ruta, parámetros obligatorios y opcionales, parámetros de consulta y un fragmento. Para navegar a un camino de ruta, usa el prefijo <code>/</code>; para una ruta hija, usa el prefijo <code>./</code>; para un padre o hermano, usa el prefijo <code>../</code>.</p>
<td><p>Creates a link to a different view based on a route instruction consisting of a route path, required and optional parameters, query parameters, and a fragment. To navigate to a root route, use the <code>/</code> prefix; for a child route, use the <code>./</code>prefix; for a sibling or parent, use the <code>../</code> prefix.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>&lt;a [routerLink]="[ '/path' ]" routerLinkActive="active"&gt;</code></td>
<td><p>Las clases proporcionadas se agregan al elemento cuando el <code>routerLink</code> se convierte en la ruta activa actual.</p>
<td><p>The provided classes are added to the element when the <code>routerLink</code> becomes the current active route.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>class <b>CanActivate</b>Guard implements <b>CanActivate</b> {<br> canActivate(<br> route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot,<br> state: RouterStateSnapshot<br> ): Observable&lt;boolean|UrlTree&gt;|Promise&lt;boolean|UrlTree&gt;|boolean|UrlTree { ... }<br>}<br><br>{ path: ..., canActivate: [<b>CanActivate</b>Guard] }</code></td>
<td><p>Una interfaz para definir una clase que el enrutador debe llamar primero para determinar si debe activar este componente. Debe devolver un boolean|UrlTree o un Observable/Promise que se resuelba en un boolean|UrlTree.</p>
<td><p>An interface for defining a class that the router should call first to determine if it should activate this component. Should return a boolean|UrlTree or an Observable/Promise that resolves to a boolean|UrlTree.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>class <b>CanDeactivate</b>Guard implements <b>CanDeactivate</b>&lt;T&gt; {<br> canDeactivate(<br> component: T,<br> route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot,<br> state: RouterStateSnapshot<br> ): Observable&lt;boolean|UrlTree&gt;|Promise&lt;boolean|UrlTree&gt;|boolean|UrlTree { ... }<br>}<br><br>{ path: ..., canDeactivate: [<b>CanDeactivate</b>Guard] }</code></td>
<td><p>Una interfaz para definir una clase que el enrutador debería llamar primero para determinar si debería desactivar este componente después de una navegación. Debe devolver un boolean|UrlTree o un Observable/Promise que se resuelva a boolean|UrlTree.</p>
<td><p>An interface for defining a class that the router should call first to determine if it should deactivate this component after a navigation. Should return a boolean|UrlTree or an Observable/Promise that resolves to a boolean|UrlTree.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>class <b>CanActivateChild</b>Guard implements <b>CanActivateChild</b> {<br> canActivateChild(<br> route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot,<br> state: RouterStateSnapshot<br> ): Observable&lt;boolean|UrlTree&gt;|Promise&lt;boolean|UrlTree&gt;|boolean|UrlTree { ... }<br>}<br><br>{ path: ..., canActivateChild: [CanActivateGuard],<br> children: ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Una interfaz para definir una clase que el enrutador debe llamar primero para determinar si debe activar la ruta hija. Debe devolver un boolean|UrlTree o un Observable/Promise que se resuelva en un boolean|UrlTree.</p>
<td><p>An interface for defining a class that the router should call first to determine if it should activate the child route. Should return a boolean|UrlTree or an Observable/Promise that resolves to a boolean|UrlTree.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>class <b>Resolve</b>Guard implements <b>Resolve</b>&lt;T&gt; {<br> resolve(<br> route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot,<br> state: RouterStateSnapshot<br> ): Observable&lt;any&gt;|Promise&lt;any&gt;|any { ... }<br>}<br><br>{ path: ..., resolve: [<b>Resolve</b>Guard] }</code></td>
<td><p>Una interfaz para definir una clase que el enrutador debe llamar primero para resolver los datos de la ruta antes de representar la ruta. Debe devolver un valor o un Observable/Promise que se resuelva en un valor.</p>
<td><p>An interface for defining a class that the router should call first to resolve route data before rendering the route. Should return a value or an Observable/Promise that resolves to a value.</p>
</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>class <b>CanLoad</b>Guard implements <b>CanLoad</b> {<br> canLoad(<br> route: Route<br> ): Observable&lt;boolean|UrlTree&gt;|Promise&lt;boolean|UrlTree&gt;|boolean|UrlTree { ... }<br>}<br><br>{ path: ..., canLoad: [<b>CanLoad</b>Guard], loadChildren: ... }</code></td>
<td><p>Una interfaz para definir una clase a la que el enrutador debe llamar primero para verificar si el módulo perezoso cargado (lazy loaded module) debe cargarse. Debe devolver un boolean|UrlTree o un Observable/Promise que se resuelva en un boolean|UrlTree.</p>
<td><p>An interface for defining a class that the router should call first to check if the lazy loaded module should be loaded. Should return a boolean|UrlTree or an Observable/Promise that resolves to a boolean|UrlTree.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>

View File

@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ in which two or more components share information.
## Pass data from parent to child with input binding
`HeroChildComponent` has two ***input properties***,
typically adorned with [@Input() decorator](guide/inputs-outputs#input).
typically adorned with [@Input decorations](guide/template-syntax#inputs-outputs).
<code-example path="component-interaction/src/app/hero-child.component.ts" header="component-interaction/src/app/hero-child.component.ts">
@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ The child component exposes an `EventEmitter` property with which it `emits` eve
The parent binds to that event property and reacts to those events.
The child's `EventEmitter` property is an ***output property***,
typically adorned with an [@Output() decorator](guide/inputs-outputs#output)
typically adorned with an [@Output decoration](guide/template-syntax#inputs-outputs)
as seen in this `VoterComponent`:

View File

@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
# Creando librerías
Está pagina provee una vista conceptual de como puedes crear y publicar nuevas librerías para extender las funcionalidades de Angular.
Si necesitas resolver el mismo problema en mas de una aplicación (o quiere compartir tu solución con otros desarrolladores), tienes un candidato para una librería.
Un ejemplo simple puede ser un botón que envía a los usuarios hacia el sitio web de tu empresa, que sería incluido en todas las aplicaciones que tu empresa crea.
## Empezando
Usa el Angular CLI para generar un nuevo esqueleto de librería, en nuevo espacio de trabajo con los siguiente comandos.
<code-example language="bash">
ng new my-workspace --create-application=false
cd my-workspace
ng generate library my-lib
</code-example>
El comando `ng generate` crea la carpeta `projects/my-lib` en el espacio de trabajo, que contiene un componente y un servicio dentro de un NgModule.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Para más detalles sobre como una librería es estructurada, refiérase a los [Archivos de Librería](guide/file-structure#library-project-files) en la sección de [Guía de estructura de archivos](guide/file-structure).
Puedes usar un modelo de monorepo para usar el mismo espacio de trabajo con multiples proyectos. Véase [Configuración para espacio de trabajo multiproyecto](guide/file-structure#multiple-projects).
</div>
Cuando se genera una nueva librería, el archivo de configuración del espacio de trabajo, `angular.json`, es actualizado con un proyecto de tipo 'library'.
<code-example format="json">
"projects": {
...
"my-lib": {
"root": "projects/my-lib",
"sourceRoot": "projects/my-lib/src",
"projectType": "library",
"prefix": "lib",
"architect": {
"build": {
"builder": "@angular-devkit/build-ng-packagr:build",
...
</code-example>
Puedes crear, probar y comprobar con los comandos de CLI:
<code-example language="bash">
ng build my-lib
ng test my-lib
ng lint my-lib
</code-example>
Puedes notar que el constructor configurado para el proyecto es diferente que el constructor por defecto para proyectos.
El constructor, entre otras cosas, asegura que la librería siempre este construida con el [compilador AOT](guide/aot-compiler), sin la necesidad de especificar la bandera `--prod`.
Para hacer el código de la librería reusable debes definir una API pública para ella. Esta "capa de usuario" define que esta disponible para los consumidores de tu librería. Un usuario de tu librería debería ser capaz de acceder a la funcionalidad publica (como NgModules, servicios, proveedores y en general funciones de utilidad) mediante una sola ruta.
La API pública para tu librería es mantenida en el archivo `public-api.ts` en tu carpeta de librería.
Cualquier cosa exportada desde este archivo se hace publica cuando tu librería es importada dentro de una aplicación.
Usa un NgModule para exponer los servicios y componentes.
Tu libería debería suministrar documentatión (típicamente en el archivo README) para la instalación y mantenimiento.
## Refactorizando partes de una app dentro de un librería
Para hacer tu solución reusable, necesitas ajustarla para que no dependa del código específico de la aplicación.
Aquí algunas cosas para considerar al migrar la funcionalidad de la aplicación a una librería.
* Declaraciones tales como componentes y pipes deberían ser diseñados como 'stateless' (sin estado), lo que significa que no dependen ni alteran variables externas. Si tu dependes del estado, necesitas evaluar cada caso y decidir el estado de la aplicación o el estado que la aplicación administraría.
* Cualquier observable al cual los componentes se suscriban internamente deberían ser limpiados y desechados durante el ciclo de vida de esos componentes.
* Los componentes deberían exponer sus interacciones a través de 'inputs' para proporcionar contexto y 'outputs' para comunicar los eventos hacia otros componentes.
* Verifique todas las dependencias internas.
* Para clases personalizadas o interfaces usadas en componentes o servicios, verifique si dependen en clases adicionales o interfaces que también necesiten ser migradas.
* Del mismo modo, si tu código de librería depende de un servicio, este servicio necesita ser migrado.
* Si tu código de librería o sus plantillas dependen de otras librerías (como Angular Material), debes configurar tu librería con esas dependencias.
* Considere como proporcionar servicios a las aplicaciones cliente.
* Los servicios deberían declarar sus propios proveedores (en lugar de declarar los proveedores en el NgModule o en un componente). Esto le permite al compilador dejar los servicios fuera del 'bundle' si este nunca fue inyectado dentro de la aplicación que importa la librería, véase [proveedores Tree-shakable](guide/dependency-injection-providers#tree-shakable-providers)
* Si registras proveedores globales o compartes proveedores a través de múltiples NgModules, usa el [`forRoot()` y `forChild()` como patrones de diseño](guide/singleton-services) proporcionados por el [RouterModule](api/router/RouterModule).
* Si tu librería proporciona servicios opcionales que podrían no ser usados por todos las aplicaciones cliente, soporte apropiadamente el 'tree-shaking' para esos casos usando el [patrón de diseño de token ligero](guide/lightweight-injection-tokens).
{@a integrating-with-the-cli}
## Integración con el CLI usando generación de código con los schematics.
Comúnmente una librería incluye *código reusable* que define componentes, servicios y otros Artefactos de Angular (pipes, directivas y etc.) que tu simplemente importas a un proyecto.
Una librería es empaquetada dentro de un paquete npm para publicar y compartir.
Este paquete también puede incluir [schematics](guide/glossary#schematic) que proporciona instrucciones para generar o transformar código directamente un tu proyecto, de la misma forma que el CLI crea un nuevo componente genérico con `ng generate component`.
Un 'schematic' empaquetado con una librería puede por ejemplo proporcionar al Angular CLI la información que necesita para generar un componente que configura y usa una particular característica o conjunto de características, definido en la librería.
Un ejemplo de esto es el 'schematic' de navegación de Angular Material el cual configura los CDK's `BreakpointObserver` y lo usa con los componentes `MatSideNav` y `MatToolbar` de Angular Material.
Puedes crear e incluir los siguientes tipos de 'schematics'.
* Incluye un 'schematic' de instalación para que con `ng add` puedas agregar tu libería a un proyecto.
* Incluye un 'schematic' de generación en tu librería para que con `ng generate` puedas hacer scaffolding de sus artefactos (componentes, servicios, pruebas y etc) en un proyecto.
* Incluye un 'schematic' de actualización para que con `ng update` puedas actualizar las dependencias de tu librería y proporcionar migraciones para cambios importantes en un nuevo release.
Lo que incluya tu librería depende de tu tarea.
Por ejemplo, podrías definir un 'schematic' para crear un desplegable (dropdown) que esta pre-poblado con datos para mostrar como agregarlo a una aplicación.
Si quieres un desplegable (dropdown) que contendrá valores diferentes cada vez, tu librería podría definir un 'schematic' para crearlo con una configuración dada. Los desarrolladores podrán entonces usar `ng generate` para configurar una instancia para sus propias aplicaciones.
Supón que quieres leer un archivo de configuración y entonces generar una formulario con base a la configuración.
Si este formulario necesita personalización adicional por parte del desarrollador que esta usando tu librería, esto podría trabajar mejor como un 'schematic'.
Sin embargo, si el formulario siempre será el mismo y no necesita de mucha personalización por parte de los desarrolladores, entonces podría crear un componente dinámico que tome la configuración y genere el formulario.
En general, entre más compleja sea personalización, la más util será en enfoque de un 'schematic'.
Para aprender más, véase [Vista general de Schematics](guide/schematics)
## Publicando tu librería
Usa el Angular CLI y el gestor de paquetes npm para construir y publicar tu librería como un paquete npm.
Antes de publicar una librería a NPM, constrúyela usando la bandera `--prod` la cúal usará el compilador y tiempo de ejecución (runtime) más antiguos como 'View Engine' en vez de 'Ivy'.
<code-example language="bash">
ng build my-lib --prod
cd dist/my-lib
npm publish
</code-example>
Si nunca has publicado un paquete en npm antes, tu debes crear un cuenta. Lee más en [Publicando paquetes npm](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/publishing-npm-packages).
<div class="alert is-important">
Por ahora, no es recomendando publicar librerías con Ivy hacia NPM por que Ivy genera código que no es retrocompatible con 'View Engine', entonces las aplicaciones usando 'View Engine' no podrán consumirlas. Además, las instrucciones internas de IVY no son estables aun, lo cual puede romper potencialmente a los consumidores que usan una diferente versión de Angular a la que uso para construir la libería.
Cuando una librería publicada es usada en una aplicación con Ivy, el Angular CLI automáticamente la convertirá a Ivy usando una herramienta conocida como el compilador de compatibilidad Angular (`ngcc`). Por lo tanto, publicar tus librerías usado el compilador 'View Engine' garantiza que ellas puede ser consumidas de forma transparente por ambos motores 'View Engine' y 'Ivy'.
</div>
{@a lib-assets}
## Gestionando activos (assets) en una librería.
Desde la versión 9.x de la herramienta [ng-packagr](https://github.com/ng-packagr/ng-packagr/blob/master/README.md), puedes configurar la herramienta para que automáticamente copie los activos (assets) dentro de el paquete de librería como parte del proceso de construcción.
Puedes usar esta característica cuando tu librería necesite publicar archivos de temas opcionales, funciones de Sass o documentación (como un registro de cambios 'changelog').
* Aprende como [copiar activos (assets) dentro de tu librería como parte de la construcción](https://github.com/ng-packagr/ng-packagr/blob/master/docs/copy-assets.md).
* Aprende más acerca de como usar la herramienta para [incrustar activos (assets) de CSS](https://github.com/ng-packagr/ng-packagr/blob/master/docs/embed-assets-css.md).
## Vinculando librerías
Mientras trabajas en un librería publicada, puedes usar [npm link](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/link) para evitar re instalar la librería en cada construcción.
La librería debe ser reconstruida en cada cambio.
Cuando vinculas una librería, asegurate que el paso de construir corra en modo vigía (watch mode) y que el `package.json` de la librería configure los puntos de entrada correctos.
Por ejemplo, `main` debería apuntar a un archivo JavaScript, no a un archivo TypeScript.
## Utiliza el mapeo de rutas de TypeScript por las dependencias de pares.
Las librerías de Angular deben enumerar todas las dependencias `@angular/*` como dependencias de pares.
Esto garantiza que cuando los módulos solicitan Angular, todos ellos obtienen exactamente el mismo módulo.
Si tu librería lista `@angular/core` en `dependencies` en vez de en `peerDependencies`, podría obtener un módulo Angular diferente, lo qué haría que tu aplicación se rompiera.
Cuando desarrollas una librería, tu debes instalar todas las dependencias de pares mediante `devDependencies` para garantizar que la librería compile apropiadamente.
Una librería vinculada tendrá su propio conjunto de librerías Angular que usa para construir, ubicados en su carpeta `node_modules`.
Sin embargo, esto puede causar problemas mientras construyes o corres tu aplicación.
Para evitar este problema tu puedes usar el mapeo de rutas de TypeScript para indicarle a TypeScript que este debería cargar algunos módulos desde una ubicación especifica.
Enumera todas las dependencias de pares que tu librería usa en el archivo de configuración `./tsconfig.json` del espacio de trabajo de TypeScript, y apúntalos a la copia local en la carpeta `node_modules` de la aplicación.
```
{
"compilerOptions": {
// ...
// paths are relative to `baseUrl` path.
"paths": {
"@angular/*": [
"./node_modules/@angular/*"
]
}
}
}
```
Este mapeador garantiza que tu librería siempre cargue las copias locales del módulo que necesita.
## Usando tu propia librería en aplicaciones.
No tienes que publicar tu librería hacia el gestor de paquetes npm para usarla en tus propias aplicaciones, pero tienes que construirla primero.
Para usar tu propia librería en tu aplicación:
* Construye la librería. No puedes usar una librería antes que se construya.
<code-example language="bash">
ng build my-lib
</code-example>
* En tus aplicaciones, importa la librería por el nombre:
```
import { myExport } from 'my-lib';
```
### Construyendo y re construyendo tu librería.
El paso de construir es importante si no tienes publicada tu librería como un paquete npm y luego ha instalado el paquete de nuevo dentro tu aplicación desde npm.
Por ejemplo, si clonas tu repositorio git y corres `npm install`, tu editor mostrará la importación de `my-lib` como perdida si no tienes aun construida tu librería.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Cuando importas algo desde una librería en una aplicación Angular, Angular busca un mapeo entre el nombre de librería y una ubicación en disco.
Cuando instalas un paquete de librería, el mapeo esta en la carpeta `node_modules`. Cuando construyes tu propia librería, tiene que encontrar el mapeo en tus rutas de `tsconfig`.
Generando una librería con el Angular CLI automáticamente agrega su ruta en el archivo `tsconfig`.
El Angular CLI usa las rutas `tsconfig` para indicarle al sistema construido donde encontrar la librería.
</div>
Si descubres que los cambios en tu librería no son reflejados en tu aplicación, tu aplicación probablemente esta usando una construcción antigua de la librería.
Puedes re construir tu librería cada vez que hagas cambios en esta, pero este paso extra toma tiempo.
Las *construcciones incrementales* funcionalmente mejoran la experiencia de desarrollo de librerías.
Cada vez que un archivo es cambiando una construcción parcial es realizada y esta emite los archivos modificados.
Las *Construcciones incrementales* puede ser ejecutadas como un proceso en segundo plano en tu entorno de desarrollo. Para aprovechar esta característica agrega la bandera `--watch` al comando de construcción:
<code-example language="bash">
ng build my-lib --watch
</code-example>
<div class="alert is-important">
El comando `build` del CLI utiliza un constructor diferente e invoca una herramienta de construcción diferente para las librerías que para las aplicaciones.
* El sistema de construcción para aplicaciones, `@angular-devkit/build-angular`, esta basado en `webpack`, y esta incluida en todos los nuevos proyectos de Angular CLI.
* El sistema de construcción esta basado en `ng-packagr`. Este es solo agregado en tus dependencias cuando agregas una librería usando `ng generate library my-lib`.
Los dos sistemas de construcción soportan diferentes cosas e incluso si ellos soportan las mismas cosas, ellos hacen esas cosas de forma diferente.
Esto quiere decir que la fuente de TypeScript puede generar en código JavaScript diferente en una librería construida que en una aplicación construida.
Por esta razón, una aplicación que depende de una librería debería solo usar el mapeo de rutas de TypeScript que apunte a la *librería construida*.
El mapeo de rutas de TypeScript no debería apuntar hacia los archivos `.ts` fuente de la librería.
</div>

View File

@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
# Creating libraries
This page provides a conceptual overview of how you can create and publish new libraries to extend Angular functionality.
You can create and publish new libraries to extend Angular functionality. If you find that you need to solve the same problem in more than one app (or want to share your solution with other developers), you have a candidate for a library.
If you find that you need to solve the same problem in more than one app (or want to share your solution with other developers), you have a candidate for a library.
A simple example might be a button that sends users to your company website, that would be included in all apps that your company builds.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
<p>For more details on how a library project is structured you can refer the <a href="guide/file-structure#library-project-files">Library Project Files</a></p>
</div>
## Getting started
Use the Angular CLI to generate a new library skeleton in a new workspace with the following commands.
Use the Angular CLI to generate a new library skeleton with the following command:
<code-example language="bash">
ng new my-workspace --create-application=false
@ -15,18 +18,12 @@ Use the Angular CLI to generate a new library skeleton in a new workspace with t
ng generate library my-lib
</code-example>
The `ng generate` command creates the `projects/my-lib` folder in your workspace, which contains a component and a service inside an NgModule.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
For more details on how a library project is structured, refer to the [Library project files](guide/file-structure#library-project-files) section of the [Project File Structure guide](guide/file-structure).
You can use the monorepo model to use the same workspace for multiple projects.
See [Setting up for a multi-project workspace](guide/file-structure#multiple-projects).
<p>You can use the monorepo model to use the same workspace for multiple projects. See <a href="guide/file-structure#multiple-projects">Setting up for a multi-project workspace</a>.</p>
</div>
When you generate a new library, the workspace configuration file, `angular.json`, is updated with a project of type 'library'.
This creates the `projects/my-lib` folder in your workspace, which contains a component and a service inside an NgModule.
The workspace configuration file, `angular.json`, is updated with a project of type 'library'.
<code-example format="json">
"projects": {
@ -72,30 +69,35 @@ Here are some things to consider in migrating application functionality to a lib
* Components should expose their interactions through inputs for providing context, and outputs for communicating events to other components.
* Services should declare their own providers (rather than declaring providers in the NgModule or a component), so that they are *tree-shakable*. This allows the compiler to leave the service out of the bundle if it never gets injected into the application that imports the library. For more about this, see [Tree-shakable providers](guide/dependency-injection-providers#tree-shakable-providers).
* If you register global service providers or share providers across multiple NgModules, use the [`forRoot()` and `forChild()` patterns](guide/singleton-services) provided by the [RouterModule](api/router/RouterModule).
* Check all internal dependencies.
* For custom classes or interfaces used in components or service, check whether they depend on additional classes or interfaces that also need to be migrated.
* Similarly, if your library code depends on a service, that service needs to be migrated.
* If your library code or its templates depend on other libraries (such as Angular Material, for instance), you must configure your library with those dependencies.
* If your library code or its templates depend on other libraries (such a Angular Material, for instance), you must configure your library with those dependencies.
* Consider how you provide services to client applications.
## Reusable code and schematics
* Services should declare their own providers (rather than declaring providers in the NgModule or a component), so that they are *tree-shakable*. This allows the compiler to leave the service out of the bundle if it never gets injected into the application that imports the library. For more about this, see [Tree-shakable providers](guide/dependency-injection-providers#tree-shakable-providers).
A library typically includes *reusable code* that defines components, services, and other Angular artifacts (pipes, directives, and so on) that you simply import into a project.
A library is packaged into an npm package for publishing and sharing, and this package can also include [schematics](guide/glossary#schematic) that provide instructions for generating or transforming code directly in your project, in the same way that the CLI creates a generic skeleton app with `ng generate component`.
A schematic that is combined with a library can, for example, provide the Angular CLI with the information it needs to generate a particular component defined in that library.
* If you register global service providers or share providers across multiple NgModules, use the [`forRoot()` and `forChild()` design patterns](guide/singleton-services) provided by the [RouterModule](api/router/RouterModule).
What you include in your library is determined by the kind of task you are trying to accomplish.
For example, if you want a dropdown with some canned data to show how to add it to your app, your library could define a schematic to create it.
For a component like a dropdown that would contain different passed-in values each time, you could provide it as a component in a shared library.
* If your library provides optional services that might not be used by all client applications, support proper tree-shaking for that case by using the [lightweight token design pattern](guide/lightweight-injection-tokens).
Suppose you want to read a configuration file and then generate a form based on that configuration.
If that form will need additional customization by the user, it might work best as a schematic.
However, if the forms will always be the same and not need much customization by developers, then you could create a dynamic component that takes the configuration and generates the form.
In general, the more complex the customization, the more useful the schematic approach.
{@a integrating-with-the-cli}
## Integrating with the CLI using code-generation schematics
## Integrating with the CLI
A library typically includes *reusable code* that defines components, services, and other Angular artifacts (pipes, directives, and so on) that you simply import into a project.
A library is packaged into an npm package for publishing and sharing.
This package can also include [schematics](guide/glossary#schematic) that provide instructions for generating or transforming code directly in your project, in the same way that the CLI creates a generic new component with `ng generate component`.
A schematic that is packaged with a library can, for example, provide the Angular CLI with the information it needs to generate a component that configures and uses a particular feature, or set of features, defined in that library.
One example of this is Angular Material's navigation schematic which configures the CDK's `BreakpointObserver` and uses it with Material's `MatSideNav` and `MatToolbar` components.
You can create and include the following kinds of schematics.
A library can include [schematics](guide/glossary#schematic) that allow it to integrate with the Angular CLI.
* Include an installation schematic so that `ng add` can add your library to a project.
@ -103,20 +105,11 @@ You can create and include the following kinds of schematics.
* Include an update schematic so that `ng update` can update your librarys dependencies and provide migrations for breaking changes in new releases.
What you include in your library depends on your task.
For example, you could define a schematic to create a dropdown that is pre-populated with canned data to show how to add it to an app.
If you want a dropdown that would contain different passed-in values each time, your library could define a schematic to create it with a given configuration. Developers could then use `ng generate` to configure an instance for their own app.
Suppose you want to read a configuration file and then generate a form based on that configuration.
If that form will need additional customization by the developer who is using your library, it might work best as a schematic.
However, if the forms will always be the same and not need much customization by developers, then you could create a dynamic component that takes the configuration and generates the form.
In general, the more complex the customization, the more useful the schematic approach.
To learn more, see [Schematics Overview](guide/schematics) and [Schematicsfor Libraries](guide/schematics-for-libraries).
## Publishing your library
Use the Angular CLI and the npm package manager to build and publish your library as an npm package.
Use the Angular CLI and the npm package manager to build and publish your library as an npm package.
Before publishing a library to NPM, build it using the `--prod` flag which will use the older compiler and runtime known as View Engine instead of Ivy.
@ -132,7 +125,7 @@ If you've never published a package in npm before, you must create a user accoun
For now, it is not recommended to publish Ivy libraries to NPM because Ivy generated code is not backward compatible with View Engine, so apps using View Engine will not be able to consume them. Furthermore, the internal Ivy instructions are not yet stable, which can potentially break consumers using a different Angular version from the one used to build the library.
When a published library is used in an Ivy app, the Angular CLI will automatically convert it to Ivy using a tool known as the Angular compatibility compiler (`ngcc`). Thus, publishing your libraries using the View Engine compiler ensures that they can be transparently consumed by both View Engine and Ivy apps.
When a published library is used in an Ivy app, the Angular CLI will automatically convert it to Ivy using a tool known as the Angular compatibility compiler (`ngcc`). Thus, by publishing your libraries using the View Engine compiler ensures that they can be transparently consumed by both View Engine and Ivy apps.
</div>

View File

@ -197,11 +197,11 @@ Like `EvenBetterLogger`, `HeroService` needs to know if the user is authorized
That authorization can change during the course of a single application session,
as when you log in a different user.
Imagine that you don't want to inject `UserService` directly into `HeroService`, because you don't want to complicate that service with security-sensitive information.
Let's say you don't want to inject `UserService` directly into `HeroService`, because you don't want to complicate that service with security-sensitive information.
`HeroService` won't have direct access to the user information to decide
who is authorized and who isn't.
To resolve this, give the `HeroService` constructor a boolean flag to control display of secret heroes.
To resolve this, we give the `HeroService` constructor a boolean flag to control display of secret heroes.
<code-example path="dependency-injection/src/app/heroes/hero.service.ts" region="internals" header="src/app/heroes/hero.service.ts (excerpt)"></code-example>
@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ For example, when bootstrapping an application, you can register many initialize
```
export const APP_TOKENS = [
{ provide: PLATFORM_INITIALIZER, useFactory: platformInitialized, multi: true },
{ provide: PLATFORM_INITIALIZER, useFactory: platformInitialized, multi: true },
{ provide: APP_INITIALIZER, useFactory: delayBootstrapping, multi: true },
{ provide: APP_BOOTSTRAP_LISTENER, useFactory: appBootstrapped, multi: true },
];
@ -284,23 +284,6 @@ Search for [Constants in API documentation](api?type=const) to find more built-i
</div>
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Note that the reference to the array returned for a `multi` provider is shared between all the
places where the token is injected. We recommend avoiding mutations of the array (especially for
predefined tokens) as it may lead to unexpected behavior in other parts of the app that inject
the same token. You can prevent the value from being mutated by setting its type to `ReadonlyArray`.
</div>
You can use `ReadonlyArray` to type your `multi` provider, so TypeScript triggers an error in case
of unwanted array mutations:
```
constructor(@Inject(MULTI_PROVIDER) multiProvider: ReadonlyArray<MultiProvider>) {
}
```
{@a tree-shakable-provider}
{@a tree-shakable-providers}

View File

@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ You can dramatically reduce launch time by only loading the application modules
absolutely must be present when the app starts.
Configure the Angular Router to defer loading of all other modules (and their associated code), either by
[waiting until the app has launched](guide/router-tutorial-toh#preloading "Preloading")
[waiting until the app has launched](guide/router#preloading "Preloading")
or by [_lazy loading_](guide/router#lazy-loading "Lazy loading")
them on demand.
@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ them on demand.
<header>Don't eagerly import something from a lazy-loaded module</header>
If you mean to lazy-load a module, be careful not to import it
If you mean to lazy-load a module, be careful not import it
in a file that's eagerly loaded when the app starts (such as the root `AppModule`).
If you do that, the module will be loaded immediately.
@ -448,13 +448,13 @@ When targeting older browsers, [polyfills](guide/browser-support#polyfills) can
To maximize compatibility, you could ship a single bundle that includes all your compiled code, plus any polyfills that may be needed.
Users with modern browsers, however, shouldn't have to pay the price of increased bundle size that comes with polyfills they don't need.
Differential loading, which is supported in Angular CLI version 8 and higher, can help solve this problem.
Differential loading, which is supported by default in Angular CLI version 8 and higher, solves this problem.
Differential loading is a strategy that allows your web application to support multiple browsers, but only load the necessary code that the browser needs. When differential loading is enabled the CLI builds two separate bundles as part of your deployed application.
Differential loading is a strategy that allows your web application to support multiple browsers, but only load the necessary code that the browser needs. When differential loading is enabled (which is the default) the CLI builds two separate bundles as part of your deployed application.
* The first bundle contains modern ES2015 syntax. This bundle takes advantage of built-in support in modern browsers, ships fewer polyfills, and results in a smaller bundle size.
* The first bundle contains modern ES2015 syntax, takes advantage of built-in support in modern browsers, ships fewer polyfills, and results in a smaller bundle size.
* The second bundle contains code in the old ES5 syntax, along with all necessary polyfills. This second bundle is larger, but supports older browsers.
* The second bundle contains code in the old ES5 syntax, along with all necessary polyfills. This results in a larger bundle size, but supports older browsers.
### Differential builds
@ -463,13 +463,13 @@ The [`ng build` CLI command](cli/build) queries the browser configuration and th
The following configurations determine your requirements.
* Browserslist
* Browsers list
The Browserslist configuration file is included in your application [project structure](guide/file-structure#application-configuration-files) and provides the minimum browsers your application supports. See the [Browserslist spec](https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist) for complete configuration options.
The `browserslist` configuration file is included in your application [project structure](guide/file-structure#application-configuration-files) and provides the minimum browsers your application supports. See the [Browserslist spec](https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist) for complete configuration options.
* TypeScript configuration
In the TypeScript configuration file, the "target" option in the `compilerOptions` section determines the ECMAScript target version that the code is compiled to.
In the TypeScript configuration file, `tsconfig.json`, the "target" option in the `compilerOptions` section determines the ECMAScript target version that the code is compiled to.
Modern browsers support ES2015 natively, while ES5 is more commonly used to support legacy browsers.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
@ -509,27 +509,16 @@ Each script tag has a `type="module"` or `nomodule` attribute. Browsers with nat
### Configuring differential loading
To include differential loading in your application builds, you must configure the Browserslist and TypeScript configuration files in your application project.
Differential loading is supported by default with version 8 and later of the Angular CLI.
For each application project in your workspace, you can configure how builds are produced based on the `browserslist` and `tsconfig.json` configuration files in your application project.
The following examples show a `browserlistrc` and `tsconfig.json` file for a newly created Angular application. In this configuration, legacy browsers such as IE 9-11 are ignored, and the compilation target is ES2015.
For a newly created Angular application, legacy browsers such as IE 9-11 are ignored, and the compilation target is ES2015.
<code-example language="none" header="browserslistrc">
# This file is used by the build system to adjust CSS and JS output to support the specified browsers below.
# For additional information regarding the format and rule options, please see:
# https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist#queries
# For the full list of supported browsers by the Angular framework, please see:
# https://angular.io/guide/browser-support
# You can see what browsers were selected by your queries by running:
# npx browserslist
last 1 Chrome version
last 1 Firefox version
last 2 Edge major versions
last 2 Safari major version
last 2 iOS major versions
<code-example language="none" header="browserslist">
> 0.5%
last 2 versions
Firefox ESR
not dead
not IE 9-11 # For IE 9-11 support, remove 'not'.
</code-example>
@ -560,24 +549,36 @@ not IE 9-11 # For IE 9-11 support, remove 'not'.
</code-example>
The default configuration creates two builds, with differential loading enabled.
<div class="alert is-important">
To see which browsers are supported and determine which settings meet to your browser support requirements, see the [Browserslist compatibility page](https://browserl.ist/?q=%3E+0.5%25%2C+last+2+versions%2C+Firefox+ESR%2C+not+dead%2C+not+IE+9-11).
To see which browsers are supported with the default configuration and determine which settings meet to your browser support requirements, see the [Browserslist compatibility page](https://browserl.ist/?q=%3E+0.5%25%2C+last+2+versions%2C+Firefox+ESR%2C+not+dead%2C+not+IE+9-11).
</div>
The Browserslist configuration allows you to ignore browsers without ES2015 support. In this case, a single build is produced.
The `browserslist` configuration allows you to ignore browsers without ES2015 support. In this case, a single build is produced.
If your Browserslist configuration includes support for any legacy browsers, the build target in the TypeScript configuration determines whether the build will support differential loading.
If your `browserslist` configuration includes support for any legacy browsers, the build target in the TypeScript configuration determines whether the build will support differential loading.
{@a configuration-table }
| Browserslist | ES target | Build result |
| browserslist | ES target | Build result |
| -------- | -------- | -------- |
| ES5 support disabled | es2015 | Single build, ES5 not required |
| ES5 support enabled | es5 | Single build w/conditional polyfills for ES5 only |
| ES5 support enabled | es2015 | Differential loading (two builds w/conditional polyfills) |
### Opting out of differential loading
Differential loading can be explicitly disabled if it causes unexpected issues, or if you need to target ES5 specifically for legacy browser support.
To explicitly disable differential loading and create an ES5 build:
- Enable the `dead` or `IE` browsers in the `browserslist` configuration file by removing the `not` keyword in front of them.
- To create a single ES5 build, set the target in the `compilerOptions` to `es5`.
{@a test-and-serve}
## Local development in older browsers

View File

@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ v9 - v12
| template syntax | [`/deep/`, `>>>`, and `::ng-deep`](#deep-component-style-selector) | <!--v7--> unspecified |
| browser support | [`IE 9 and 10, IE mobile`](#ie-9-10-and-mobile) | <!--v10--> v11 |
For information about Angular CDK and Angular Material deprecations, see the [changelog](https://github.com/angular/components/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md).
## Deprecated APIs
@ -489,56 +490,6 @@ If you rely on the behavior that the same object instance should cause change de
- Clone the resulting value so that it has a new identity.
- Explicitly call [`ChangeDetectorRef.detectChanges()`](api/core/ChangeDetectorRef#detectchanges) to force the update.
{@a deprecated-cli-flags}
## Deprecated CLI APIs and Options
This section contains a complete list all of the currently deprecated CLI flags.
### @angular-devkit/build-angular
| API/Option | May be removed in | Notes |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------- |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `i18nFile` | <!--v9--> v11 | Specified in the project locale configuration in version 9 and later. |
| `i18nFormat` | <!--v9--> v11 | Format is now automatically detected. |
| `i18nLocale` | <!--v9--> v11 | New [localization option](/guide/i18n#localize-config) in version 9 and later. |
| `lazyModules` | <!--v9--> v11 | Used with deprecated SystemJsNgModuleLoader. |
| `rebaseRootRelativeCssUrls` | <!--v8--> v11 | Intended only to assist with specific migration issues. |
| `scripts[].lazy` | <!--v8--> v11 | Renamed to `scripts[].inject`. |
| `styles[].lazy` | <!--v8--> v11 | Renamed to `styles[].inject`. |
| `i18nFormat` | <!--v9--> v11 | Renamed to `format` to simplify the user experience. |
| `i18nLocale` | <!--v9--> v11 | Redundant with projects source locale. |
| `scripts[].lazy` | <!--v8--> v11 | Renamed to `scripts[].inject`. |
| `styles[].lazy` | <!--v8--> v11 | Renamed to `styles[].inject`. |
| `i18nFile` | <!--v9--> v11 | Specified in the project locale configuration in version 9 and later. |
| `i18nFormat` | <!--v9--> v11 | Format is now automatically detected. |
| `i18nLocale` | <!--v9--> v11 | New [localization option](/guide/i18n#localize-config) in version 9 and later. |
| `lazyModules` | <!--v9--> v11 | Used with deprecated SystemJsNgModuleLoader. |
### @angular-devkit/core
| API/Option | May be removed in | Notes |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------- |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `ModuleNotFoundException` | <!--v8--> v10 | Not used within projects. Used with Tooling API only. Not Yarn PnP compatible and not used in the Angular CLI. Use Node.js [require.resolve](https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_require_resolve_request_options).|
| `resolve` | <!--v8--> v10 | Not used within projects. Used with Tooling API only. Not Yarn PnP compatible and not used in the Angular CLI. Use Node.js [require.resolve](https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_require_resolve_request_options).|
| `setResolveHook` | <!--v8--> v10 | Not used within projects. Used with Tooling API only. Not Yarn PnP compatible and not used in the Angular CLI. Use Node.js [require.resolve](https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_require_resolve_request_options).|
| `ResolveOptions` | <!--v8--> v10 | Not used within projects. Used with Tooling API only. Not Yarn PnP compatible and not used in the Angular CLI. Use Node.js [require.resolve](https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_require_resolve_request_options).|
| `terminal` | <!--v8--> v10 | Unused implementation of terminal codes (color). |
| `isObservable` | <!--v8--> v10 | Not used within projects. Used with Tooling API only. Use `isObservable` function from the `rxjs` package.|
### @ngtools/webpack
| API/Option | May be removed in | Notes |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------- |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `discoverLazyRoutes` | <!--v9--> TBD | Used with deprecated SystemJsNgModuleLoader. |
| `additionalLazyModules` | <!--v9--> TBD | Used with deprecated SystemJsNgModuleLoader. |
| `additionalLazyModuleResources` | <!--v9--> TBD | Used with deprecated SystemJsNgModuleLoader. |
### @schematics/angular
| API/Option | May be removed in | Notes |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------- |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `entryComponent` | <!--v9--> TBD | No longer needed with Ivy. |
{@a removed}
## Removed APIs

View File

@ -153,14 +153,14 @@ It marks that `<li>` element (and its children) as the "repeater template":
<div class="alert is-important">
Don't forget the leading asterisk (\*) in `*ngFor`. It is an essential part of the syntax.
Read more about `ngFor` and `*` in the [ngFor section](guide/built-in-directives#ngfor) of the [Built-in directives](guide/built-in-directives) page.
Read more about `ngFor` and `*` in the [ngFor section](guide/template-syntax#ngfor) of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</div>
Notice the `hero` in the `ngFor` double-quoted instruction;
it is an example of a template input variable. Read
more about template input variables in the [microsyntax](guide/built-in-directives#microsyntax) section of
the [Built-in directives](guide/built-in-directives) page.
more about template input variables in the [microsyntax](guide/template-syntax#microsyntax) section of
the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
Angular duplicates the `<li>` for each item in the list, setting the `hero` variable
to the item (the hero) in the current iteration. Angular uses that variable as the
@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ To see it in action, add the following paragraph at the bottom of the template:
<div class="alert is-important">
Don't forget the leading asterisk (\*) in `*ngIf`. It is an essential part of the syntax.
Read more about `ngIf` and `*` in the [ngIf section](guide/built-in-directives#ngIf) of the [Built-in directives](guide/built-in-directives) page.
Read more about `ngIf` and `*` in the [ngIf section](guide/template-syntax#ngIf) of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
</div>
@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ When the component's list of heroes has more than three items, Angular adds the
to the DOM and the message appears.
If there are three or fewer items, Angular omits the paragraph, so no message appears.
For more information, see [template expression operators](guide/interpolation#template-expressions).
For more information, see [template expressions](guide/template-syntax#template-expressions).
<div class="alert is-helpful">

View File

@ -117,9 +117,9 @@ The recently-developed [custom elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/doc
</tr>
</table>
In browsers that support Custom Elements natively, the specification requires developers use ES2015 classes to define Custom Elements - developers can opt-in to this by setting the `target: "es2015"` property in their project's [TypeScript configuration file](/guide/typescript-configuration). As Custom Element and ES2015 support may not be available in all browsers, developers can instead choose to use a polyfill to support older browsers and ES5 code.
In browsers that support Custom Elements natively, the specification requires developers use ES2015 classes to define Custom Elements - developers can opt-in to this by setting the `target: "es2015"` property in their project's `tsconfig.json`. As Custom Element and ES2015 support may not be available in all browsers, developers can instead choose to use a polyfill to support older browsers and ES5 code.
Use the [Angular CLI](cli) to automatically set up your project with the correct polyfill: `ng add @angular/elements --project=*your_project_name*`.
Use the [Angular CLI](cli) to automatically set up your project with the correct polyfill: `ng add @angular/elements --name=*your_project_name*`.
- For more information about polyfills, see [polyfill documentation](https://www.webcomponents.org/polyfills).
- For more information about Angular browser support, see [Browser Support](guide/browser-support).
@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ aDialog.content = 123; // <-- ERROR: TypeScript knows this should be a string.
aDialog.body = 'News'; // <-- ERROR: TypeScript knows there is no `body` property on `aDialog`.
```
This is a good way to quickly get TypeScript features, such as type checking and autocomplete support, for your custom element. But it can get cumbersome if you need it in several places, because you have to cast the return type on every occurrence.
This is a good way to quickly get TypeScript features, such as type checking and autocomplete support, for you custom element. But it can get cumbersome if you need it in several places, because you have to cast the return type on every occurrence.
An alternative way, that only requires defining each custom element's type once, is augmenting the `HTMLElementTagNameMap`, which TypeScript uses to infer the type of a returned element based on its tag name (for DOM methods such as `document.createElement()`, `document.querySelector()`, etc.):

View File

@ -1,108 +0,0 @@
# Event binding `(event)`
Event binding allows you to listen for certain events such as
keystrokes, mouse movements, clicks, and touches.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
See the <live-example></live-example> for a working example containing the code snippets in this guide.
</div>
Angular event binding syntax consists of a **target event** name
within parentheses on the left of an equal sign, and a quoted
template statement on the right.
The following event binding listens for the button's click events, calling
the component's `onSave()` method whenever a click occurs:
<div class="lightbox">
<img src='generated/images/guide/template-syntax/syntax-diagram.svg' alt="Syntax diagram">
</div>
## Target event
As above, the target is the button's click event.
<code-example path="event-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="event-binding-1" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Alternatively, use the `on-` prefix, known as the canonical form:
<code-example path="event-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="event-binding-2" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Element events may be the more common targets, but Angular looks first to see if the name matches an event property
of a known directive, as it does in the following example:
<code-example path="event-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="custom-directive" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
If the name fails to match an element event or an output property of a known directive,
Angular reports an “unknown directive” error.
## *$event* and event handling statements
In an event binding, Angular sets up an event handler for the target event.
When the event is raised, the handler executes the template statement.
The template statement typically involves a receiver, which performs an action
in response to the event, such as storing a value from the HTML control
into a model.
The binding conveys information about the event. This information can include data values such as an event object, string, or number named `$event`.
The target event determines the shape of the `$event` object.
If the target event is a native DOM element event, then `$event` is a
[DOM event object](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events),
with properties such as `target` and `target.value`.
Consider this example:
<code-example path="event-binding/src/app/app.component.html" region="event-binding-3" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
This code sets the `<input>` `value` property by binding to the `name` property.
To listen for changes to the value, the code binds to the `input`
event of the `<input>` element.
When the user makes changes, the `input` event is raised, and the binding executes
the statement within a context that includes the DOM event object, `$event`.
To update the `name` property, the changed text is retrieved by following the path `$event.target.value`.
If the event belongs to a directive&mdash;recall that components
are directives&mdash;`$event` has whatever shape the directive produces.
## Custom events with `EventEmitter`
Directives typically raise custom events with an Angular [EventEmitter](api/core/EventEmitter).
The directive creates an `EventEmitter` and exposes it as a property.
The directive calls `EventEmitter.emit(payload)` to fire an event, passing in a message payload, which can be anything.
Parent directives listen for the event by binding to this property and accessing the payload through the `$event` object.
Consider an `ItemDetailComponent` that presents item information and responds to user actions.
Although the `ItemDetailComponent` has a delete button, it doesn't know how to delete the hero. It can only raise an event reporting the user's delete request.
Here are the pertinent excerpts from that `ItemDetailComponent`:
<code-example path="event-binding/src/app/item-detail/item-detail.component.html" header="src/app/item-detail/item-detail.component.html (template)" region="line-through"></code-example>
<code-example path="event-binding/src/app/item-detail/item-detail.component.ts" header="src/app/item-detail/item-detail.component.ts (deleteRequest)" region="deleteRequest"></code-example>
The component defines a `deleteRequest` property that returns an `EventEmitter`.
When the user clicks *delete*, the component invokes the `delete()` method,
telling the `EventEmitter` to emit an `Item` object.
Now imagine a hosting parent component that binds to the `deleteRequest` event
of the `ItemDetailComponent`.
<code-example path="event-binding/src/app/app.component.html" header="src/app/app.component.html (event-binding-to-component)" region="event-binding-to-component"></code-example>
When the `deleteRequest` event fires, Angular calls the parent component's
`deleteItem()` method, passing the *item-to-delete* (emitted by `ItemDetail`)
in the `$event` variable.
## Template statements have side effects
Though [template expressions](guide/interpolation#template-expressions) shouldn't have [side effects](guide/property-binding#avoid-side-effects), template
statements usually do. The `deleteItem()` method does have
a side effect: it deletes an item.
Deleting an item updates the model, and depending on your code, triggers
other changes including queries and saving to a remote server.
These changes propagate through the system and ultimately display in this and other views.

View File

@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ The top level of the workspace contains workspace-wide configuration files, conf
| `package-lock.json` | Provides version information for all packages installed into `node_modules` by the npm client. See [npm documentation](https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package-lock.json) for details. If you use the yarn client, this file will be [yarn.lock](https://yarnpkg.com/lang/en/docs/yarn-lock/) instead. |
| `src/` | Source files for the root-level application project. |
| `node_modules/` | Provides [npm packages](guide/npm-packages) to the entire workspace. Workspace-wide `node_modules` dependencies are visible to all projects. |
| `tsconfig.json` | The `tsconfig.json` file is a ["Solution Style"](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/release-notes/typescript-3-9.html#support-for-solution-style-tsconfigjson-files) TypeScript configuration file. Code editors and TypeScripts language server use this file to improve development experience. Compilers do not use this file. |
| `tsconfig.base.json` | The base [TypeScript](https://www.typescriptlang.org/) configuration for projects in the workspace. All other configuration files inherit from this base file. For more information, see the [Configuration inheritance with extends](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/tsconfig-json.html#configuration-inheritance-with-extends) section of the TypeScript documentation.|
| `tsconfig.json` | Default [TypeScript](https://www.typescriptlang.org/) configuration for projects in the workspace. |
| `tslint.json` | Default [TSLint](https://palantir.github.io/tslint/) configuration for projects in the workspace. |
@ -55,7 +54,7 @@ This initial root-level application is the *default app* for CLI commands (unles
<div class="alert is-helpful">
Besides using the CLI on the command line, you can also manipulate files directly in the app's source folder and configuration files.
Besides using the CLI on the command line, you can also use an interactive development environment like [Angular Console](https://angularconsole.com/), or manipulate files directly in the app's source folder and configuration files.
</div>
@ -78,12 +77,6 @@ Files at the top level of `src/` support testing and running your application. S
| `styles.sass` | Lists CSS files that supply styles for a project. The extension reflects the style preprocessor you have configured for the project. |
| `test.ts` | The main entry point for your unit tests, with some Angular-specific configuration. You don't typically need to edit this file. |
<div class="alert is-helpful">
If you create an application using Angular's strict mode, you will also have an additional `package.json` file in the `src/app` directory. For more information, see [Strict mode](/guide/strict-mode).
</div>
{@a app-src}
Inside the `src/` folder, the `app/` folder contains your project's logic and data.
@ -96,14 +89,13 @@ Angular components, templates, and styles go here.
| `app/app.component.css` | Defines the base CSS stylesheet for the root `AppComponent`. |
| `app/app.component.spec.ts` | Defines a unit test for the root `AppComponent`. |
| `app/app.module.ts` | Defines the root module, named `AppModule`, that tells Angular how to assemble the application. Initially declares only the `AppComponent`. As you add more components to the app, they must be declared here. |
| `app/package.json` | This file is generated only in applications created using `--strict` mode. This file is not used by package managers. It is used to tell the tools and bundlers whether the code under this directory is free of non-local [side-effects](guide/strict-mode#side-effect). |
### Application configuration files
The application-specific configuration files for the root application reside at the workspace root level.
For a multi-project workspace, project-specific configuration files are in the project root, under `projects/project-name/`.
Project-specific [TypeScript](https://www.typescriptlang.org/) configuration files inherit from the workspace-wide `tsconfig.base.json`, and project-specific [TSLint](https://palantir.github.io/tslint/) configuration files inherit from the workspace-wide `tslint.json`.
Project-specific [TypeScript](https://www.typescriptlang.org/) configuration files inherit from the workspace-wide `tsconfig.json`, and project-specific [TSLint](https://palantir.github.io/tslint/) configuration files inherit from the workspace-wide `tslint.json`.
| APPLICATION-SPECIFIC CONFIG FILES | PURPOSE |
| :--------------------- | :------------------------------------------|

View File

@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ As users change values and make selections through the view, the new values must
Similarly, when the program logic changes values in the data model, those values must be reflected in the view.
Reactive and template-driven forms differ in how they handle data flowing from the user or from programmatic changes.
The following diagrams illustrate both kinds of data flow for each type of form, using the favorite-color input field defined above.
The following diagrams illustrate both kinds of data flow for each type of form, using the a favorite-color input field defined above.
### Data flow in reactive forms

View File

@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ This tutorial teaches you how to do the following:
* Use `ngModel` to create two-way data bindings for reading and writing input-control values.
* Provide visual feedback using special CSS classes that track the state of the controls.
* Display validation errors to users and enable or disable form controls based on the form status.
* Share information across HTML elements using [template reference variables](guide/template-reference-variables).
* Share information across HTML elements using [template reference variables](guide/template-syntax#template-reference-variables-var).
## Prerequisites
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ In the course of this tutorial, you bind a sample form to data and handle user i
* Add custom CSS to provide visual feedback on the status.
* Show and hide validation-error messages.
4. Respond to a native HTML button-click event by adding to the model data.
5. Handle form submission using the [`ngSubmit`](api/forms/NgForm#properties) output property of the form.
5. Handle form submission using the [`ngSubmit`(api/forms/NgForm#properties)] output property of the form.
* Disable the **Submit** button until the form is valid.
* After submit, swap out the finished form for different content on the page.
@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ The note reminds you to remove the diagnostic lines when you have finished obser
When you imported the `FormsModule` in your component, Angular automatically created and attached an [NgForm](api/forms/NgForm "API reference for NgForm") directive to the `<form>` tag in the template (because `NgForm` has the selector `form` that matches `<form>` elements).
To get access to the `NgForm` and the overall form status, declare a [template reference variable](guide/template-reference-variables).
To get access to the `NgForm` and the overall form status, declare a [template reference variable](guide/template-syntax#template-reference-variables-var).
1. Edit the template file `hero-form.component.html`.
@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ You will bind the form property that indicates its overall validity to the **Sub
3. Run the application now. Notice that the button is enabled&mdash;although
it doesn't do anything useful yet.
4. Delete the **Name** value. This violates the "required" rule, so it displays the error message&mdash;and notice that it also disables the **Submit** button.
4. Delete the **Name** value. This violates the "required" rule, so it displays the error message&emdash;and notice that it also disables the **Submit** button.
You didn't have to explicitly wire the button's enabled state to the form's validity.

View File

@ -210,7 +210,6 @@ An Angular component class is responsible for exposing data and handling most of
Read more about component classes, templates, and views in [Introduction to Angular concepts](guide/architecture).
## configuration
See [workspace configuration](#cli-config)
@ -253,15 +252,15 @@ Data binding is an alternative to manually pushing application data values into
event listeners, pulling changed values from the screen, and
updating application data values.
Read about the following forms of binding in Angular's [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax):
Read about the following forms of binding in [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax):
* [Interpolation](guide/interpolation)
* [Property binding](guide/property-binding)
* [Event binding](guide/event-binding)
* [Attribute binding](guide/attribute-binding)
* [Class binding](guide/attribute-binding#class-binding)
* [Style binding](guide/attribute-binding#style-binding)
* [Two-way data binding with ngModel](guide/built-in-directives#ngModel)
* [Interpolation](guide/template-syntax#interpolation)
* [Property binding](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)
* [Event binding](guide/template-syntax#event-binding)
* [Attribute binding](guide/template-syntax#attribute-binding)
* [Class binding](guide/template-syntax#class-binding)
* [Style binding](guide/template-syntax#style-binding)
* [Two-way data binding with ngModel](guide/template-syntax#ngModel)
{@a declarable}
@ -473,11 +472,11 @@ Learn more about the injector hierarchy in [Hierarchical Dependency Injectors](g
## input
When defining a [directive](#directive), the `@Input()` decorator on a directive property
makes that property available as a *target* of a [property binding](guide/property-binding).
makes that property available as a *target* of a [property binding](guide/template-syntax#property-binding).
Data values flow into an input property from the data source identified
in the [template expression](#template-expression) to the right of the equal sign.
To learn more, see [input and output properties](guide/inputs-outputs).
To learn more, see [input and output properties](guide/template-syntax#inputs-outputs).
{@a interpolation}
@ -492,7 +491,7 @@ or displayed between element tags, as in this example.
```
Read more in the [Interpolation](guide/interpolation) guide.
Read more about [interpolation](guide/template-syntax#interpolation) in [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax).
{@a ivy}
@ -579,6 +578,7 @@ Angular calls these hook methods in the following order:
To learn more, see [Lifecycle Hooks](guide/lifecycle-hooks).
{@a M}
{@a module}
@ -653,11 +653,11 @@ An object passed to the `subscribe()` method for an [observable](#observable). T
## output
When defining a [directive](#directive), the `@Output{}` decorator on a directive property
makes that property available as a *target* of [event binding](guide/event-binding).
makes that property available as a *target* of [event binding](guide/template-syntax#event-binding).
Events stream *out* of this property to the receiver identified
in the [template expression](#template-expression) to the right of the equal sign.
To learn more, see [Input and Output Properties](guide/inputs-outputs).
To learn more, see [Input and Output Properties](guide/template-syntax#inputs-outputs).
{@a P}
@ -732,33 +732,13 @@ The alternative is a [template-driven form](#template-driven-forms).
When using reactive forms:
* The "source of truth", the form model, is defined in the component class.
* Validation is set up through validation functions rather than validation directives.
* Validation is set up through validation functions rather than valdation directives.
* Each control is explicitly created in the component class by creating a `FormControl` instance manually or with `FormBuilder`.
* The template input elements do *not* use `ngModel`.
* The associated Angular directives are prefixed with `form`, such as `formControl`, `formGroup`, and `formControlName`.
The alternative is a template-driven form. For an introduction and comparison of both forms approaches, see [Introduction to Angular Forms](guide/forms-overview).
{@a resolver}
## resolver
A class that implements the [Resolve](api/router/Resolve "API reference") interface (or a function with the same signature as the [resolve() method](api/router/Resolve#resolve "API reference")) that you use to produce or retrieve data that is needed before navigation to a requested route can be completed.
Resolvers run after all [route guards](#route-guard "Definition") for a route tree have been executed and have succeeded.
See an example of using a [resolve guard](guide/router-tutorial-toh#resolve-guard "Routing techniques tutorial") to retrieve dynamic data.
{@a route-guard}
## route guard
A method that controls navigation to a requested route in a routing application.
Guards determine whether a route can be activated or deactivated, and whether a lazy-loaded module can be loaded.
Learn more in the [Routing and Navigation](guide/router#preventing-unauthorized-access "Examples") guide.
{@a router}
{@a router-module}
@ -937,7 +917,7 @@ The alternative is a reactive form. For an introduction and comparison of both f
A TypeScript-like syntax that Angular evaluates within a [data binding](#data-binding).
Read about how to write template expressions in the [template expressions](guide/interpolation#template-expressions) section of the [Interpolation](guide/interpolation) guide.
Read about how to write template expressions in [Template expressions](guide/template-syntax#template-expressions).
{@a token}
@ -970,10 +950,6 @@ Many code editors and IDEs support TypeScript either natively or with plug-ins.
TypeScript is the preferred language for Angular development.
Read more about TypeScript at [typescriptlang.org](http://www.typescriptlang.org/).
## TypeScript configuration file
A file specifies the root files and the compiler options required to compile a TypeScript project. For more information, see [TypeScript configuration](/guide/typescript-configuration).
{@a U}

View File

@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ searchHeroes(term: string): Observable {
return this.http.jsonp(heroesUrl, 'callback').pipe(
catchError(this.handleError('searchHeroes', [])) // then handle the error
);
}
};
```
This request passes the `heroesURL` as the first parameter and the callback function name as the second parameter.

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

View File

@ -1,342 +0,0 @@
# `@Input()` and `@Output()` properties
`@Input()` and `@Output()` allow Angular to share data between the parent context
and child directives or components. An `@Input()` property is writable
while an `@Output()` property is observable.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
See the <live-example></live-example> for a working example containing the code snippets in this guide.
</div>
Consider this example of a child/parent relationship:
```html
<parent-component>
<child-component></child-component>
</parent-component>
```
Here, the `<child-component>` selector, or child directive, is embedded
within a `<parent-component>`, which serves as the child's context.
`@Input()` and `@Output()` act as
the API, or application programming interface, of the child
component in that they allow the child to
communicate with the parent. Think of `@Input()` and `@Output()` like ports
or doorways&mdash;`@Input()` is the doorway into the component allowing data
to flow in while `@Output()` is the doorway out of the component, allowing the
child component to send data out.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
#### `@Input()` and `@Output()` are independent
Though `@Input()` and `@Output()` often appear together in apps, you can use
them separately. If the nested
component is such that it only needs to send data to its parent, you wouldn't
need an `@Input()`, only an `@Output()`. The reverse is also true in that if the
child only needs to receive data from the parent, you'd only need `@Input()`.
</div>
{@a input}
## How to use `@Input()`
Use the `@Input()` decorator in a child component or directive to let Angular know
that a property in that component can receive its value from its parent component.
It helps to remember that the data flow is from the perspective of the
child component. So an `@Input()` allows data to be input _into_ the
child component from the parent component.
<div class="lightbox">
<img src="generated/images/guide/inputs-outputs/input.svg" alt="Input data flow diagram">
</div>
To illustrate the use of `@Input()`, edit these parts of your app:
* The child component class and template
* The parent component class and template
### In the child
To use the `@Input()` decorator in a child component class, first import
`Input` and then decorate the property with `@Input()`:
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/item-detail/item-detail.component.ts" region="use-input" header="src/app/item-detail/item-detail.component.ts"></code-example>
In this case, `@Input()` decorates the property <code class="no-auto-link">item</code>, which has
a type of `string`, however, `@Input()` properties can have any type, such as
`number`, `string`, `boolean`, or `object`. The value for `item` will come from the parent component, which the next section covers.
Next, in the child component template, add the following:
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/item-detail/item-detail.component.html" region="property-in-template" header="src/app/item-detail/item-detail.component.html"></code-example>
### In the parent
The next step is to bind the property in the parent component's template.
In this example, the parent component template is `app.component.html`.
First, use the child's selector, here `<app-item-detail>`, as a directive within the
parent component template. Then, use [property binding](guide/property-binding)
to bind the property in the child to the property of the parent.
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/app.component.html" region="input-parent" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Next, in the parent component class, `app.component.ts`, designate a value for `currentItem`:
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/app.component.ts" region="parent-property" header="src/app/app.component.ts"></code-example>
With `@Input()`, Angular passes the value for `currentItem` to the child so that `item` renders as `Television`.
The following diagram shows this structure:
<div class="lightbox">
<img src="generated/images/guide/inputs-outputs/input-diagram-target-source.svg" alt="Property binding diagram">
</div>
The target in the square brackets, `[]`, is the property you decorate
with `@Input()` in the child component. The binding source, the part
to the right of the equal sign, is the data that the parent
component passes to the nested component.
The key takeaway is that when binding to a child component's property in a parent component&mdash;that is, what's
in square brackets&mdash;you must
decorate the property with `@Input()` in the child component.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
### `OnChanges` and `@Input()`
To watch for changes on an `@Input()` property, use
`OnChanges`, one of Angular's [lifecycle hooks](guide/lifecycle-hooks#onchanges).
`OnChanges` is specifically designed to work with properties that have the
`@Input()` decorator. See the [`OnChanges`](guide/lifecycle-hooks#onchanges) section of the [Lifecycle Hooks](guide/lifecycle-hooks) guide for more details and examples.
</div>
{@a output}
## How to use `@Output()`
Use the `@Output()` decorator in the child component or directive to allow data to flow from
the child _out_ to the parent.
An `@Output()` property should normally be initialized to an Angular [`EventEmitter`](api/core/EventEmitter) with values flowing out of the component as [events](guide/event-binding).
<div class="lightbox">
<img src="generated/images/guide/inputs-outputs/output.svg" alt="Output diagram">
</div>
Just like with `@Input()`, you can use `@Output()`
on a property of the child component but its type should be
`EventEmitter`.
`@Output()` marks a property in a child component as a doorway
through which data can travel from the child to the parent.
The child component then has to raise an event so the
parent knows something has changed. To raise an event,
`@Output()` works hand in hand with `EventEmitter`,
which is a class in `@angular/core` that you
use to emit custom events.
When you use `@Output()`, edit these parts of your app:
* The child component class and template
* The parent component class and template
The following example shows how to set up an `@Output()` in a child
component that pushes data you enter in an HTML `<input>` to an array in the
parent component.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
The HTML element `<input>` and the Angular decorator `@Input()`
are different. This documentation is about component communication in Angular as it pertains to `@Input()` and `@Output()`. For more information on the HTML element `<input>`, see the [W3C Recommendation](https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/sec-forms.html#the-input-element).
</div>
## In the child
This example features an `<input>` where a user can enter a value and click a `<button>` that raises an event. The `EventEmitter` then relays the data to the parent component.
First, be sure to import `Output` and `EventEmitter`
in the child component class:
```js
import { Output, EventEmitter } from '@angular/core';
```
Next, still in the child, decorate a property with `@Output()` in the component class.
The following example `@Output()` is called `newItemEvent` and its type is
`EventEmitter`, which means it's an event.
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/item-output/item-output.component.ts" region="item-output" header="src/app/item-output/item-output.component.ts"></code-example>
The different parts of the above declaration are as follows:
* `@Output()`&mdash;a decorator function marking the property as a way for data to go from the child to the parent
* `newItemEvent`&mdash;the name of the `@Output()`
* `EventEmitter<string>`&mdash;the `@Output()`'s type
* `new EventEmitter<string>()`&mdash;tells Angular to create a new event emitter and that the data it emits is of type string. The type could be any type, such as `number`, `boolean`, and so on. For more information on `EventEmitter`, see the [EventEmitter API documentation](api/core/EventEmitter).
Next, create an `addNewItem()` method in the same component class:
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/item-output/item-output.component.ts" region="item-output-class" header="src/app/item-output/item-output.component.ts"></code-example>
The `addNewItem()` function uses the `@Output()`, `newItemEvent`,
to raise an event in which it emits the value the user
types into the `<input>`. In other words, when
the user clicks the add button in the UI, the child lets the parent know
about the event and gives that data to the parent.
### In the child's template
The child's template has two controls. The first is an HTML `<input>` with a
[template reference variable](guide/template-reference-variables) , `#newItem`,
where the user types in an item name. Whatever the user types
into the `<input>` gets stored in the `#newItem` variable.
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/item-output/item-output.component.html" region="child-output" header="src/app/item-output/item-output.component.html"></code-example>
The second element is a `<button>`
with an [event binding](guide/event-binding). You know it's
an event binding because the part to the left of the equal
sign is in parentheses, `(click)`.
The `(click)` event is bound to the `addNewItem()` method in the child component class which
takes as its argument whatever the value of `#newItem` is.
Now the child component has an `@Output()`
for sending data to the parent and a method for raising an event.
The next step is in the parent.
## In the parent
In this example, the parent component is `AppComponent`, but you could use
any component in which you could nest the child.
The `AppComponent` in this example features a list of `items`
in an array and a method for adding more items to the array.
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/app.component.ts" region="add-new-item" header="src/app/app.component.ts"></code-example>
The `addItem()` method takes an argument in the form of a string
and then pushes, or adds, that string to the `items` array.
### In the parent's template
Next, in the parent's template, bind the parent's
method to the child's event. Put the child selector, here `<app-item-output>`,
within the parent component's
template, `app.component.html`.
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/app.component.html" region="output-parent" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
The event binding, `(newItemEvent)='addItem($event)'`, tells
Angular to connect the event in the child, `newItemEvent`, to
the method in the parent, `addItem()`, and that the event that the child
is notifying the parent about is to be the argument of `addItem()`.
In other words, this is where the actual hand off of data takes place.
The `$event` contains the data that the user types into the `<input>`
in the child template UI.
Now, in order to see the `@Output()` working, add the following to the parent's template:
```html
<ul>
<li *ngFor="let item of items">{{item}}</li>
</ul>
```
The `*ngFor` iterates over the items in the `items` array. When you enter a value in the child's `<input>` and click the button, the child emits the event and the parent's `addItem()` method pushes the value to the `items` array and it renders in the list.
## `@Input()` and `@Output()` together
You can use `@Input()` and `@Output()` on the same child component as in the following:
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/app.component.html" region="together" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
The target, `item`, which is an `@Input()` property in the child component class, receives its value from the parent's property, `currentItem`. When you click delete, the child component raises an event, `deleteRequest`, which is the argument for the parent's `crossOffItem()` method.
The following diagram is of an `@Input()` and an `@Output()` on the same
child component and shows the different parts of each:
<div class="lightbox">
<img src="generated/images/guide/inputs-outputs/input-output-diagram.svg" alt="Input/Output diagram">
</div>
As the diagram shows, use inputs and outputs together in the same manner as using them separately. Here, the child selector is `<app-input-output>` with `item` and `deleteRequest` being `@Input()` and `@Output()`
properties in the child component class. The property `currentItem` and the method `crossOffItem()` are both in the parent component class.
To combine property and event bindings using the banana-in-a-box
syntax, `[()]`, see [Two-way Binding](guide/two-way-binding).
## `@Input()` and `@Output()` declarations
Instead of using the `@Input()` and `@Output()` decorators
to declare inputs and outputs, you can identify
members in the `inputs` and `outputs` arrays
of the directive metadata, as in this example:
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/in-the-metadata/in-the-metadata.component.ts" region="metadata" header="src/app/in-the-metadata/in-the-metadata.component.ts"></code-example>
While declaring `inputs` and `outputs` in the `@Directive` and `@Component`
metadata is possible, it is a better practice to use the `@Input()` and `@Output()`
class decorators instead, as follows:
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/input-output/input-output.component.ts" region="input-output" header="src/app/input-output/input-output.component.ts"></code-example>
See the [Decorate input and output properties](guide/styleguide#decorate-input-and-output-properties) section of the
[Style Guide](guide/styleguide) for details.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
If you get a template parse error when trying to use inputs or outputs, but you know that the
properties do indeed exist, double check
that your properties are annotated with `@Input()` / `@Output()` or that you've declared
them in an `inputs`/`outputs` array:
<code-example language="bash">
Uncaught Error: Template parse errors:
Can't bind to 'item' since it isn't a known property of 'app-item-detail'
</code-example>
</div>
{@a aliasing-io}
## Aliasing inputs and outputs
Sometimes the public name of an input/output property should be different from the internal name. While it is a best practice to avoid this situation, Angular does
offer a solution.
### Aliasing in the metadata
Alias inputs and outputs in the metadata using a colon-delimited (`:`) string with
the directive property name on the left and the public alias on the right:
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/aliasing/aliasing.component.ts" region="alias" header="src/app/aliasing/aliasing.component.ts"></code-example>
### Aliasing with the `@Input()`/`@Output()` decorator
You can specify the alias for the property name by passing the alias name to the `@Input()`/`@Output()` decorator. The internal name remains as usual.
<code-example path="inputs-outputs/src/app/aliasing/aliasing.component.ts" region="alias-input-output" header="src/app/aliasing/aliasing.component.ts"></code-example>

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@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
# Interpolation and template expressions
Interpolation allows you to incorporate calculated strings into the text
between HTML element tags and within attribute assignments. Template
expressions are what you use to calculate those strings.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
See the <live-example></live-example> for all of
the syntax and code snippets in this guide.
</div>
## Interpolation `{{...}}`
Interpolation refers to embedding expressions into marked up text.
By default, interpolation uses as its delimiter the double curly braces, `{{` and `}}`.
In the following snippet, `{{ currentCustomer }}` is an example of interpolation.
<code-example path="interpolation/src/app/app.component.html" region="interpolation-example1" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
The text between the braces is often the name of a component
property. Angular replaces that name with the
string value of the corresponding component property.
<code-example path="interpolation/src/app/app.component.html" region="component-property" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
In the example above, Angular evaluates the `title` and `itemImageUrl` properties
and fills in the blanks, first displaying some title text and then an image.
More generally, the text between the braces is a **template expression**
that Angular first **evaluates** and then **converts to a string**.
The following interpolation illustrates the point by adding two numbers:
<code-example path="interpolation/src/app/app.component.html" region="convert-string" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
The expression can invoke methods of the host component such as `getVal()` in
the following example:
<code-example path="interpolation/src/app/app.component.html" region="invoke-method" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
Angular evaluates all expressions in double curly braces,
converts the expression results to strings, and links them with neighboring literal strings. Finally,
it assigns this composite interpolated result to an **element or directive property**.
You appear to be inserting the result between element tags and assigning it to attributes.
However, interpolation is a special syntax that Angular converts into a *property binding*.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
If you'd like to use something other than `{{` and `}}`, you can
configure the interpolation delimiter via the
[interpolation](api/core/Component#interpolation)
option in the `Component` metadata.
</div>
## Template expressions
A template **expression** produces a value and appears within the double
curly braces, `{{ }}`.
Angular executes the expression and assigns it to a property of a binding target;
the target could be an HTML element, a component, or a directive.
The interpolation braces in `{{1 + 1}}` surround the template expression `1 + 1`.
In the property binding,
a template expression appears in quotes to the right of the&nbsp;`=` symbol as in `[property]="expression"`.
In terms of syntax, template expressions are similar to JavaScript.
Many JavaScript expressions are legal template expressions, with a few exceptions.
You can't use JavaScript expressions that have or promote side effects,
including:
* Assignments (`=`, `+=`, `-=`, `...`)
* Operators such as `new`, `typeof`, `instanceof`, etc.
* Chaining expressions with <code>;</code> or <code>,</code>
* The increment and decrement operators `++` and `--`
* Some of the ES2015+ operators
Other notable differences from JavaScript syntax include:
* No support for the bitwise operators such as `|` and `&`
* New [template expression operators](guide/template-expression-operators), such as `|`, `?.` and `!`
## Expression context
The *expression context* is typically the _component_ instance.
In the following snippets, the `recommended` within double curly braces and the
`itemImageUrl2` in quotes refer to properties of the `AppComponent`.
<code-example path="interpolation/src/app/app.component.html" region="component-context" header="src/app/app.component.html"></code-example>
An expression may also refer to properties of the _template's_ context
such as a template input variable,
<!-- link to built-in-directives#template-input-variables -->
`let customer`, or a template reference variable, `#customerInput`.
<!-- link to guide/template-ref-variables -->
<code-example path="interpolation/src/app/app.component.html" region="template-input-variable" header="src/app/app.component.html (template input variable)"></code-example>
<code-example path="interpolation/src/app/app.component.html" region="template-reference-variable" header="src/app/app.component.html (template reference variable)"></code-example>
The context for terms in an expression is a blend of the _template variables_,
the directive's _context_ object (if it has one), and the component's _members_.
If you reference a name that belongs to more than one of these namespaces,
the template variable name takes precedence, followed by a name in the directive's _context_,
and, lastly, the component's member names.
The previous example presents such a name collision. The component has a `customer`
property and the `*ngFor` defines a `customer` template variable.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
The `customer` in `{{customer.name}}`
refers to the template input variable, not the component's property.
Template expressions cannot refer to anything in
the global namespace, except `undefined`. They can't refer to
`window` or `document`. Additionally, they
can't call `console.log()` or `Math.max()` and they are restricted to referencing
members of the expression context.
</div>
## Expression guidelines
When using template expressions follow these guidelines:
* [Simplicity](guide/interpolation#simplicity)
* [Quick execution](guide/interpolation#quick-execution)
* [No visible side effects](guide/interpolation#no-visible-side-effects)
### Simplicity
Although it's possible to write complex template expressions, it's a better
practice to avoid them.
A property name or method call should be the norm, but an occasional Boolean negation, `!`, is OK.
Otherwise, confine application and business logic to the component,
where it is easier to develop and test.
### Quick execution
Angular executes template expressions after every change detection cycle.
Change detection cycles are triggered by many asynchronous activities such as
promise resolutions, HTTP results, timer events, key presses and mouse moves.
Expressions should finish quickly or the user experience may drag, especially on slower devices.
Consider caching values when their computation is expensive.
### No visible side effects
A template expression should not change any application state other than the value of the
target property.
This rule is essential to Angular's "unidirectional data flow" policy.
You should never worry that reading a component value might change some other displayed value.
The view should be stable throughout a single rendering pass.
An [idempotent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idempotence) expression is ideal because
it is free of side effects and improves Angular's change detection performance.
In Angular terms, an idempotent expression always returns
*exactly the same thing* until one of its dependent values changes.
Dependent values should not change during a single turn of the event loop.
If an idempotent expression returns a string or a number, it returns the same string or number when called twice in a row. If the expression returns an object, including an `array`, it returns the same object *reference* when called twice in a row.
<div class="alert is-helpful">
There is one exception to this behavior that applies to `*ngFor`. `*ngFor` has `trackBy` functionality that can deal with referential inequality of objects when iterating over them. See [*ngFor with `trackBy`](guide/built-in-directives #ngfor-with-trackby) for details.
</div>

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@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
The Angular team has worked hard to ensure Ivy is as backwards-compatible with the previous rendering engine ("View Engine") as possible.
However, in rare cases, minor changes were necessary to ensure that the Angular's behavior was predictable and consistent, correcting issues in the View Engine implementation.
In order to smooth the transition, we have provided [automated migrations](guide/updating-to-version-10#migrations) wherever possible so your application and library code is migrated automatically by the CLI.
In order to smooth the transition, we have provided [automated migrations](guide/updating-to-version-9#migrations) wherever possible so your application and library code is migrated automatically by the CLI.
That said, some applications will likely need to apply some manual updates.
{@a debugging}
## How to debug errors with Ivy
In version 10, [a few deprecated APIs have been removed](guide/updating-to-version-10#removals) and there are a [few breaking changes](guide/updating-to-version-10#breaking-changes) unrelated to Ivy.
In version 9, [a few deprecated APIs have been removed](guide/updating-to-version-9#removals) and there are a [few breaking changes](guide/updating-to-version-9#breaking-changes) unrelated to Ivy.
If you're seeing errors after updating to version 9, you'll first want to rule those changes out.
To do so, temporarily [turn off Ivy](guide/ivy#opting-out-of-angular-ivy) in your `tsconfig.base.json` and re-start your app.
To do so, temporarily [turn off Ivy](guide/ivy#opting-out-of-angular-ivy) in your `tsconfig.json` and re-start your app.
If you're still seeing the errors, they are not specific to Ivy. In this case, you may want to consult the [general version 10 guide](guide/updating-to-version-10). If you've opted into any of the new, stricter type-checking settings, you may also want to check out the [template type-checking guide](guide/template-typecheck).
If you're still seeing the errors, they are not specific to Ivy. In this case, you may want to consult the [general version 9 guide](guide/updating-to-version-9). If you've opted into any of the stricter type-checking settings that are new with v9, you may also want to check out the [template type-checking guide](guide/template-typecheck).
If the errors are gone, switch back to Ivy by removing the changes to the `tsconfig.base.json` and review the list of expected changes below.
If the errors are gone, switch back to Ivy by removing the changes to the `tsconfig.json` and review the list of expected changes below.
{@a payload-size-debugging}
### Payload size debugging

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@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ ngOnInit() {
}
</code-example>
For more information with a working example, see the [routing tutorial section on preloading](guide/router-tutorial-toh#preloading-background-loading-of-feature-areas).
For more information with a working example, see the [routing tutorial section on preloading](guide/router#preloading-background-loading-of-feature-areas).
<hr>

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@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ for one turn of the browser's JavaScript cycle, which triggers a new change-dete
#### Write lean hook methods to avoid performance problems
When you run the *AfterView* sample, notice how frequently Angular calls `AfterViewChecked()`-often when there are no changes of interest.
When you run the *AfterView* sample, notice how frequently Angular calls `AfterViewChecked()`$emdash;often when there are no changes of interest.
Be very careful about how much logic or computation you put into one of these methods.
<div class="lightbox">

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# Optimizing client app size with lightweight injection tokens
This page provides a conceptual overview of a dependency injection technique that is recommended for library developers.
Designing your library with *lightweight injection tokens* helps optimize the bundle size of client applications that use your library.
You can manage the dependency structure among your components and injectable services to optimize bundle size by using [tree-shakable providers](guide/dependency-injection-providers#tree-shakable-providers).
This normally ensures that if a provided component or service is never actually used by the app, the compiler can eliminate its code from the bundle.
However, due to the way Angular stores injection tokens, it is possible that such an unused component or service can end up in the bundle anyway.
This page describes a dependency-injection design pattern that supports proper tree-shaking by using lightweight injection tokens.
The lightweight injection token design pattern is especially important for library developers. It ensures that when an application uses only some of your library's capabilities, the unused code can be eliminated from the client's app bundle.
When an application uses your library, there might be some services that your library supplies which the client app doesn't use.
In this case, the app developer should expect that service to be tree-shaken, and not contribute to the size of the compiled app.
Because the application developer cannot know about or remedy a tree-shaking problem in the library, it is the responsibility of the library developer to do so.
To prevent the retention of unused components, your library should use the lightweight injection token design pattern.
## When tokens are retained
To better explain the condition under which token retention occurs, consider a library that provides a library-card component, which contains a body and can contain an optional header.
```
<lib-card>
<lib-header>...</lib-header>
</lib-card>
```
In a likely implementation, the `<lib-card>` component uses `@ContentChild()` or `@ContentChildren()` to obtain `<lib-header>` and `<lib-body>`, as in the following.
```
@Component({
selector: 'lib-header',
...,
})
class LibHeaderComponent {}
@Component({
selector: 'lib-card',
...,
})
class LibCardComponent {
@ContentChild(LibHeaderComponent)
header: LibHeaderComponent|null = null;
}
```
Because `<lib-header>` is optional, the element can appear in the template in its minimal form,
`<lib-card></lib-card>`.
In this case, `<lib-header>` is not used and you would expect it to be tree-shaken, but that is not what happens.
This is because `LibCardComponent` actually contains two references to the `LibHeaderComponent`.
`@ContentChild(LibHeaderComponent) header: LibHeaderComponent;`
* One of these reference is in the *type position*-- that is, it specifies `LibHeaderComponent` as a type: `header: LibHeaderComponent;`.
* The other reference is in the *value position*-- that is, LibHeaderComponent is the value of the `@ContentChild()` parameter decorator: `@ContentChild(LibHeaderComponent)`.
The compiler handles token references in these positions differently.
* The compiler erases *type position* references after conversion from TypeScript, so they have no impact on tree-shaking.
* The compiler must retain *value position* references at runtime, which prevents the component from being tree-shaken.
In the example, the compiler retains the `LibHeaderComponent` token that occurs in the value position, which prevents the referenced component from being tree-shaken, even if the application developer does not actually use `<lib-header>` anywhere.
If `LibHeaderComponent` is large (code, template, and styles), including it unnecessarily can significantly increase the size of the client application.
## When to use the lightweight injection token pattern
The tree-shaking problem arises when a component is used as an injection token.
There are two cases when that can happen.
* The token is used in the value position of a [content query](guide/lifecycle-hooks#using-aftercontent-hooks "See more about using content queries.").
* The token is used as a type specifier for constructor injection.
In the following example, both uses of the `OtherComponent` token cause retention of `OtherComponent` (that is, prevent it from being tree-shaken when it is not used).
```
class MyComponent {
constructor(@Optional() other: OtherComponent) {}
@ContentChild(OtherComponent)
other: OtherComponent|null;
}
```
Although tokens used only as type specifiers are removed when converted to JavaScript, all tokens used for dependency injection are needed at runtime.
These effectively change `constructor(@Optional() other: OtherComponent)` to `constructor(@Optional() @Inject(OtherComponent) other)`. The token is now in a value position, and causes the tree shaker to retain the reference.
<div class="alert is helpful">
For all services, a library should use [tree-shakable providers](guide/dependency-injection-providers#tree-shakable-providers), providing dependencies at the root level rather than in component constructors.
</div>
## Using lightweight injection tokens
The lightweight injection token design pattern consists of using a small abstract class as an injection token, and providing the actual implementation at a later stage.
The abstract class is retained (not tree-shaken), but it is small and has no material impact on the application size.
The following example shows how this works for the `LibHeaderComponent`.
```
abstract class LibHeaderToken {}
@Component({
selector: 'lib-header',
providers: [
{provide: LibHeaderToken, useExisting: LibHeaderComponent}
]
...,
})
class LibHeaderComponent extends LibHeaderToken {}
@Component({
selector: 'lib-card',
...,
})
class LibCardComponent {
@ContentChild(LibHeaderToken) header: LibHeaderToken|null = null;
}
```
In this example, the `LibCardComponent` implementation no longer refers to `LibHeaderComponent` in either the type position or the value position.
This allows full tree shaking of `LibHeaderComponent` to take place.
The `LibHeaderToken` is retained, but it is only a class declaration, with no concrete implementation. It is small and does not materially impact the application size when retained after compilation.
Instead, `LibHeaderComponent` itself implements the abstract `LibHeaderToken` class. You can safely use that token as the provider in the component definition, allowing Angular to correctly inject the concrete type.
To summarize, the lightweight injection token pattern consists of the following.
1. A lightweight injection token that is represented as an abstract class.
2. A component definition that implements the abstract class.
3. Injection of the lightweight pattern, using ` @ContentChild()` or `@ContentChildren()`.
4. A provider in the implementation of the lightweight injection token which associates the lightweight injection token with the implementation.
### Use the lightweight injection token for API definition
A component that injects a lightweight injection token might need to invoke a method in the injected class.
Because the token is now an abstract class, and the injectable component implements that class, you must also declare an abstract method in the abstract lightweight injection token class.
The implementation of the method (with all of its code overhead) resides in the injectable component that can be tree-shaken.
This allows the parent to communicate with the child (if it is present) in a type-safe manner.
For example, the `LibCardComponent` now queries`LibHeaderToken` rather than `LibHeaderComponent`.
The following example shows how the pattern allows `LibCardComponent` to communicate with the `LibHeaderComponent` without actually referring to `LibHeaderComponent`.
```
abstract class LibHeaderToken {
abstract doSomething(): void;
}
@Component({
selector: 'lib-header',
providers: [
{provide: LibHeaderToken, useExisting: LibHeader}
]
...,
})
class LibHeaderComponent extends LibHeaderToken {
doSomething(): void {
// Concrete implementation of `doSomething`
}
}
@Component({
selector: 'lib-card',
...,
})
class LibCardComponent implement AfterContentInit {
@ContentChild(LibHeaderToken)
header: LibHeaderToken|null = null;
ngAfterContentInit(): void {
this.header && this.header.doSomething();
}
}
```
In this example the parent queries the token to obtain the child component, and stores the resulting component reference if it is present.
Before calling a method in the child, the parent component checks to see if the child component is present.
If the child component has been tree-shaken, there is no runtime reference to it, and no call to its method.
### Naming your lightweight injection token
Lightweight injection tokens are only useful with components. The Angular style guide suggests that you name components using the "Component" suffix. The example "LibHeaderComponent" follows this convention.
To maintain the relationship between the component and its token while still distinguishing between them, the recommended style is to use the component base name with the suffix "Token" to name your lightweight injection tokens: "LibHeaderToken".

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# Solution-style `tsconfig.json` migration
## What does this migration do?
This migration adds support to existing projects for TypeScript's new ["solution-style" tsconfig feature](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/typescript/announcing-typescript-3-9/#solution-style-tsconfig).
Support is added by making two changes:
1. Renaming the workspace-level `tsconfig.json` to `tsconfig.base.json`.
All project [TypeScript configuration files](guide/typescript-configuration) will extend from this base which contains the common options used throughout the workspace.
2. Adding the solution `tsconfig.json` file at the root of the workspace.
This `tsconfig.json` file will only contain references to project-level TypeScript configuration files and is only used by editors/IDEs.
As an example, the solution `tsconfig.json` for a new project is as follows:
```json
// This is a "Solution Style" tsconfig.json file, and is used by editors and TypeScripts language server to improve development experience.
// It is not intended to be used to perform a compilation.
{
"files": [],
"references": [
{
"path": "./tsconfig.app.json"
},
{
"path": "./tsconfig.spec.json"
},
{
"path": "./e2e/tsconfig.json"
}
]
}
```
## Why is this migration necessary?
Solution-style `tsconfig.json` files provide an improved editing experience and fix several long-standing defects when editing files in an IDE.
IDEs that leverage the TypeScript language service (for example, [Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com)), will only use TypeScript configuration files that are named `tsconfig.json`.
In complex projects, there may be more than one compilation unit and each of these units may have different settings and options.
With the Angular CLI, a project will have application code that will target a browser.
It will also have unit tests that should not be included within the built application and that also need additional type information present (`jasmine` in this case).
Both parts of the project also share some but not all of the code within the project.
As a result, two separate TypeScript configuration files (`tsconfig.app.json` and `tsconfig.spec.json`) are needed to ensure that each part of the application is configured properly and that the right types are used for each part.
Also if web workers are used within a project, an additional tsconfig (`tsconfig.worker.json`) is needed.
Web workers use similar but incompatible types to the main browser application.
This requires the additional configuration file to ensure that the web worker files use the appropriate types and will build successfully.
While the Angular build system knows about all of these TypeScript configuration files, an IDE using TypeScript's language service does not.
Because of this, an IDE will not be able to properly analyze the code from each part of the project and may generate false errors or make suggestions that are incorrect for certain files.
By leveraging the new solution-style tsconfig, the IDE can now be aware of the configuration of each part of a project.
This allows each file to be treated appropriately based on its tsconfig.
IDE features such as error/warning reporting and auto-suggestion will operate more effectively as well.
The TypeScript 3.9 release [blog post](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/typescript/announcing-typescript-3-9/#solution-style-tsconfig) also contains some additional information regarding this new feature.

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# `tslib` direct dependency migration
## What does this migration do?
If you have any libraries within your workspace, this migration will convert `tslib` peer dependencies to direct dependencies for the libraries.
TypeScript uses the `tslib` package to provide common helper functions used in compiled TypeScript code.
The `tslib` version is also updated to `2.0.0` to support TypeScript 3.9.
Before:
```json
{
"name": "my-lib",
"version": "0.0.1",
"peerDependencies": {
"@angular/common": "^9.0.0",
"@angular/core": "^9.0.0",
"tslib": "^1.12.0"
}
}
```
After:
```json
{
"name": "my-lib",
"version": "0.0.1",
"peerDependencies": {
"@angular/common": "^9.0.0",
"@angular/core": "^9.0.0"
},
"dependencies": {
"tslib": "^2.0.0"
}
}
```
## Why is this migration necessary?
The [`tslib`](https://github.com/Microsoft/tslib) is a runtime library for Typescript.
The version of this library is bound to the version of the TypeScript compiler used to compile a library.
Peer dependencies do not accurately represent this relationship between the runtime and the compiler.
If `tslib` remained declared as a library peer dependency, it would be possible for some Angular workspaces to get into a state where the workspace could not satisfy `tslib` peer dependency requirements for multiple libraries, resulting in build-time or run-time errors.
As of TypeScript 3.9 (used by Angular v10), `tslib` version of 2.x is required to build new applications.
However, older libraries built with previous version of TypeScript and already published to npm might need `tslib` 1.x.
This migration makes it possible for code depending on incompatible versions of the `tslib` runtime library to remain interoperable.
## Do I still need `tslib` as a dependency in my workspace `package.json`?
Yes.
The `tslib` dependency declared in the `package.json` file of the workspace is used to build applications within this workspace, as well as run unit tests for workspace libraries, and is required.

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# Update `module` and `target` compiler options migration
## What does this migration do?
This migration adjusts the [`target`](https://www.typescriptlang.org/v2/en/tsconfig#target) and [`module`](https://www.typescriptlang.org/v2/en/tsconfig#module) settings within the [TypeScript configuration files](guide/typescript-configuration) for the workspace.
The changes to each option vary based on the builder or command that uses the TypeScript configuration file.
Unless otherwise noted, changes are only made if the existing value was not changed since the project was created.
This process helps ensure that intentional changes to the options are kept in place.
TypeScript Configuration File(s) | Changed Property | Existing Value | New Value
------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | -------------
`<workspace base>/tsconfig.base.json` | `"module"` | `"esnext"` | `"es2020"`
Used in `browser` builder options (`ng build` for applications) | `"module"` | `"esnext"` | `"es2020"`
Used in `ng-packgr` builder options (`ng build` for libraries) | `"module"` | `"esnext"` | `"es2020"`
Used in `karma` builder options (`ng test` for applications) | `"module"` | `"esnext"` | `"es2020"`
Used in `server` builder options (universal) | `"module"` | `"commonjs"` | _removed_
Used in `server` builder options (universal) | `"target"` | _any_ | `"es2016"`
Used in `protractor` builder options (`ng e2e` for applications) | `"target"` | `"es5"` | `"es2018"`
## Why is this migration necessary?
This migration provides improvements to the long-term supportability of projects by updating the projects to use recommended best practice compilation options.
For the functionality that executes on Node.js, such as Universal and Protractor, the new settings provide performance and troubleshooting benefits as well.
The minimum Node.js version for the Angular CLI (v10.13) supports features in ES2018 and earlier.
By targeting later ES versions, the compiler transforms less code and can use newer features directly.
Since zone.js does not support native `async` and `await`, the universal builds still target ES2016.
## Why `"es2020"` instead of `"esnext"`?
In TypeScript 3.9, the behavior of the TypeScript compiler controlled by `module` is the same with both `"esnext"` and `"es2020"` values.
This behavior can change in the future, because the `"esnext"` option could evolve in a backwards incompatible ways, resulting in build-time or run-time errors during a TypeScript update.
As a result, code can become unstable. Using the `"es2020"` option mitigates this risk.

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@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ Package name | Description
[**@angular&#8209;devkit/<br />build&#8209;angular**](https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/) | The Angular build tools.
[**@angular/cli**](https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/) | The Angular CLI tools.
**@angular/<br />compiler&#8209;cli** | The Angular compiler, which is invoked by the Angular CLI's `ng build` and `ng serve` commands.
**@angular/<br />language&#8209;service** | The [Angular language service](guide/language-service) analyzes component templates and provides type and error information that TypeScript-aware editors can use to improve the developer's experience. For example, see the [Angular language service extension for VS Code](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=Angular.ng-template).
**@types/... ** | TypeScript definition files for 3rd party libraries such as Jasmine and Node.js.
[**codelyzer**](https://www.npmjs.com/package/codelyzer) | A linter for Angular apps whose rules conform to the Angular [style guide](guide/styleguide).
**jasmine/... ** | Packages to support the [Jasmine](https://jasmine.github.io/) test library.
@ -134,4 +135,3 @@ Package name | Description
* [Building and serving](guide/build) describes how packages come together to create a development build.
* [Deployment](guide/deployment) describes how packages come together to create a production build.

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@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
Angular makes use of observables as an interface to handle a variety of common asynchronous operations. For example:
* You can define [custom events](guide/event-binding#custom-events-with-eventemitter) that send observable output data from a child to a parent component.
* You can define [custom events](guide/template-syntax#custom-events-with-eventemitter) that send observable output data from a child to a parent component.
* The HTTP module uses observables to handle AJAX requests and responses.
* The Router and Forms modules use observables to listen for and respond to user-input events.
## Transmitting data between components
Angular provides an `EventEmitter` class that is used when publishing values from a component through the [`@Output()` decorator](guide/inputs-outputs#how-to-use-output).
Angular provides an `EventEmitter` class that is used when publishing values from a component through the [`@Output()` decorator](guide/template-syntax#how-to-use-output).
`EventEmitter` extends [RxJS `Subject`](https://rxjs.dev/api/index/class/Subject), adding an `emit()` method so it can send arbitrary values.
When you call `emit()`, it passes the emitted value to the `next()` method of any subscribed observer.

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@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ Because observables produce values asynchronously, try/catch will not effectivel
<code-example>
myObservable.subscribe({
next(num) { console.log('Next num: ' + num)},
error(err) { console.log('Received an error: ' + err)}
error(err) { console.log('Received an errror: ' + err)}
});
</code-example>

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