angular/modules/@angular/compiler/src/i18n/extractor_merger.ts

/**
 * @license
 * Copyright Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
 * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
 */

import * as html from '../ml_parser/ast';
import {InterpolationConfig} from '../ml_parser/interpolation_config';
import {ParseTreeResult} from '../ml_parser/parser';

import * as i18n from './i18n_ast';
import {createI18nMessageFactory} from './i18n_parser';
import {I18nError} from './parse_util';
import {TranslationBundle} from './translation_bundle';

const _I18N_ATTR = 'i18n';
const _I18N_ATTR_PREFIX = 'i18n-';
const _I18N_COMMENT_PREFIX_REGEXP = /^i18n:?/;

/**
 * Extract translatable messages from an html AST
 */
export function extractMessages(
    nodes: html.Node[], interpolationConfig: InterpolationConfig, implicitTags: string[],
    implicitAttrs: {[k: string]: string[]}): ExtractionResult {
  const visitor = new _Visitor(implicitTags, implicitAttrs);
  return visitor.extract(nodes, interpolationConfig);
}

export function mergeTranslations(
    nodes: html.Node[], translations: TranslationBundle, interpolationConfig: InterpolationConfig,
    implicitTags: string[], implicitAttrs: {[k: string]: string[]}): ParseTreeResult {
  const visitor = new _Visitor(implicitTags, implicitAttrs);
  return visitor.merge(nodes, translations, interpolationConfig);
}

export class ExtractionResult {
  constructor(public messages: i18n.Message[], public errors: I18nError[]) {}
}

enum _VisitorMode {
  Extract,
  Merge
}

/**
 * This Visitor is used:
 * 1. to extract all the translatable strings from an html AST (see `extract()`),
 * 2. to replace the translatable strings with the actual translations (see `merge()`)
 *
 * @internal
 */
class _Visitor implements html.Visitor {
  // <el i18n>...</el>
  private _inI18nNode: boolean;
  private _depth: number;
  private _inImplicitNode: boolean;

  // <!--i18n-->...<!--/i18n-->
  private _blockMeaningAndDesc: string;
  private _blockChildren: html.Node[];
  private _blockStartDepth: number;
  private _inI18nBlock: boolean;

  // {<icu message>}
  private _inIcu: boolean;

  private _msgCountAtSectionStart: number;
  private _errors: I18nError[];
  private _mode: _VisitorMode;

  // _VisitorMode.Extract only
  private _messages: i18n.Message[];

  // _VisitorMode.Merge only
  private _translations: TranslationBundle;
  private _createI18nMessage:
      (msg: html.Node[], meaning: string, description: string) => i18n.Message;


  constructor(private _implicitTags: string[], private _implicitAttrs: {[k: string]: string[]}) {}

  /**
   * Extracts the messages from the tree
   */
  extract(nodes: html.Node[], interpolationConfig: InterpolationConfig): ExtractionResult {
    this._init(_VisitorMode.Extract, interpolationConfig);

    nodes.forEach(node => node.visit(this, null));

    if (this._inI18nBlock) {
      this._reportError(nodes[nodes.length - 1], 'Unclosed block');
    }

    return new ExtractionResult(this._messages, this._errors);
  }

  /**
   * Returns a tree where all translatable nodes are translated
   */
  merge(
      nodes: html.Node[], translations: TranslationBundle,
      interpolationConfig: InterpolationConfig): ParseTreeResult {
    this._init(_VisitorMode.Merge, interpolationConfig);
    this._translations = translations;

    // Construct a single fake root element
    const wrapper = new html.Element('wrapper', [], nodes, null, null, null);

    const translatedNode = wrapper.visit(this, null);

    if (this._inI18nBlock) {
      this._reportError(nodes[nodes.length - 1], 'Unclosed block');
    }

    return new ParseTreeResult(translatedNode.children, this._errors);
  }

  visitExpansionCase(icuCase: html.ExpansionCase, context: any): any {
    // Parse cases for translatable html attributes
    const expression = html.visitAll(this, icuCase.expression, context);

    if (this._mode === _VisitorMode.Merge) {
      return new html.ExpansionCase(
          icuCase.value, expression, icuCase.sourceSpan, icuCase.valueSourceSpan,
          icuCase.expSourceSpan);
    }
  }

  visitExpansion(icu: html.Expansion, context: any): html.Expansion {
    this._mayBeAddBlockChildren(icu);

    const wasInIcu = this._inIcu;

    if (!this._inIcu) {
      // nested ICU messages should not be extracted but top-level translated as a whole
      if (this._isInTranslatableSection) {
        this._addMessage([icu]);
      }
      this._inIcu = true;
    }

    const cases = html.visitAll(this, icu.cases, context);

    if (this._mode === _VisitorMode.Merge) {
      icu = new html.Expansion(
          icu.switchValue, icu.type, cases, icu.sourceSpan, icu.switchValueSourceSpan);
    }

    this._inIcu = wasInIcu;

    return icu;
  }

  visitComment(comment: html.Comment, context: any): any {
    const isOpening = _isOpeningComment(comment);

    if (isOpening && this._isInTranslatableSection) {
      this._reportError(comment, 'Could not start a block inside a translatable section');
      return;
    }

    const isClosing = _isClosingComment(comment);

    if (isClosing && !this._inI18nBlock) {
      this._reportError(comment, 'Trying to close an unopened block');
      return;
    }

    if (!this._inI18nNode && !this._inIcu) {
      if (!this._inI18nBlock) {
        if (isOpening) {
          this._inI18nBlock = true;
          this._blockStartDepth = this._depth;
          this._blockChildren = [];
          this._blockMeaningAndDesc = comment.value.replace(_I18N_COMMENT_PREFIX_REGEXP, '').trim();
          this._openTranslatableSection(comment);
        }
      } else {
        if (isClosing) {
          if (this._depth == this._blockStartDepth) {
            this._closeTranslatableSection(comment, this._blockChildren);
            this._inI18nBlock = false;
            const message = this._addMessage(this._blockChildren, this._blockMeaningAndDesc);
            // merge attributes in sections
            const nodes = this._translateMessage(comment, message);
            return html.visitAll(this, nodes);
          } else {
            this._reportError(comment, 'I18N blocks should not cross element boundaries');
            return;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  visitText(text: html.Text, context: any): html.Text {
    if (this._isInTranslatableSection) {
      this._mayBeAddBlockChildren(text);
    }
    return text;
  }

  visitElement(el: html.Element, context: any): html.Element {
    this._mayBeAddBlockChildren(el);
    this._depth++;
    const wasInI18nNode = this._inI18nNode;
    const wasInImplicitNode = this._inImplicitNode;
    let childNodes: html.Node[];

    // Extract only top level nodes with the (implicit) "i18n" attribute if not in a block or an ICU
    // message
    const i18nAttr = _getI18nAttr(el);
    const isImplicit = this._implicitTags.some(tag => el.name === tag) && !this._inIcu &&
        !this._isInTranslatableSection;
    const isTopLevelImplicit = !wasInImplicitNode && isImplicit;
    this._inImplicitNode = this._inImplicitNode || isImplicit;

    if (!this._isInTranslatableSection && !this._inIcu) {
      if (i18nAttr) {
        // explicit translation
        this._inI18nNode = true;
        const message = this._addMessage(el.children, i18nAttr.value);
        childNodes = this._translateMessage(el, message);
      } else if (isTopLevelImplicit) {
        // implicit translation
        this._inI18nNode = true;
        const message = this._addMessage(el.children);
        childNodes = this._translateMessage(el, message);
      }

      if (this._mode == _VisitorMode.Extract) {
        const isTranslatable = i18nAttr || isTopLevelImplicit;
        if (isTranslatable) {
          this._openTranslatableSection(el);
        }
        html.visitAll(this, el.children);
        if (isTranslatable) {
          this._closeTranslatableSection(el, el.children);
        }
      }

      if (this._mode === _VisitorMode.Merge && !i18nAttr && !isTopLevelImplicit) {
        childNodes = [];
        el.children.forEach(child => {
          const visited = child.visit(this, context);
          if (visited && !this._isInTranslatableSection) {
            // Do not add the children from translatable sections (= i18n blocks here)
            // They will be added when the section is close (i.e. on `<!-- /i18n -->`)
            childNodes = childNodes.concat(visited);
          }
        });
      }
    } else {
      if (i18nAttr || isTopLevelImplicit) {
        this._reportError(
            el, 'Could not mark an element as translatable inside a translatable section');
      }

      if (this._mode == _VisitorMode.Extract) {
        // Descend into child nodes for extraction
        html.visitAll(this, el.children);
      }

      if (this._mode == _VisitorMode.Merge) {
        // Translate attributes in ICU messages
        childNodes = [];
        el.children.forEach(child => {
          const visited = child.visit(this, context);
          if (visited && !this._isInTranslatableSection) {
            // Do not add the children from translatable sections (= i18n blocks here)
            // They will be added when the section is close (i.e. on `<!-- /i18n -->`)
            childNodes = childNodes.concat(visited);
          }
        });
      }
    }

    this._visitAttributesOf(el);

    this._depth--;
    this._inI18nNode = wasInI18nNode;
    this._inImplicitNode = wasInImplicitNode;

    if (this._mode === _VisitorMode.Merge) {
      // There are no childNodes in translatable sections - those nodes will be replace anyway
      const translatedAttrs = this._translateAttributes(el);
      return new html.Element(
          el.name, translatedAttrs, childNodes, el.sourceSpan, el.startSourceSpan,
          el.endSourceSpan);
    }
  }

  visitAttribute(attribute: html.Attribute, context: any): any {
    throw new Error('unreachable code');
  }

  private _init(mode: _VisitorMode, interpolationConfig: InterpolationConfig): void {
    this._mode = mode;
    this._inI18nBlock = false;
    this._inI18nNode = false;
    this._depth = 0;
    this._inIcu = false;
    this._msgCountAtSectionStart = void 0;
    this._errors = [];
    this._messages = [];
    this._inImplicitNode = false;
    this._createI18nMessage = createI18nMessageFactory(interpolationConfig);
  }

  // looks for translatable attributes
  private _visitAttributesOf(el: html.Element): void {
    const explicitAttrNameToValue: {[k: string]: string} = {};
    const implicitAttrNames: string[] = this._implicitAttrs[el.name] || [];

    el.attrs.filter(attr => attr.name.startsWith(_I18N_ATTR_PREFIX))
        .forEach(
            attr => explicitAttrNameToValue[attr.name.slice(_I18N_ATTR_PREFIX.length)] =
                attr.value);

    el.attrs.forEach(attr => {
      if (attr.name in explicitAttrNameToValue) {
        this._addMessage([attr], explicitAttrNameToValue[attr.name]);
      } else if (implicitAttrNames.some(name => attr.name === name)) {
        this._addMessage([attr]);
      }
    });
  }

  // add a translatable message
  private _addMessage(ast: html.Node[], meaningAndDesc?: string): i18n.Message {
    if (ast.length == 0 ||
        ast.length == 1 && ast[0] instanceof html.Attribute && !(<html.Attribute>ast[0]).value) {
      // Do not create empty messages
      return;
    }

    const [meaning, description] = _splitMeaningAndDesc(meaningAndDesc);
    const message = this._createI18nMessage(ast, meaning, description);
    this._messages.push(message);
    return message;
  }

  // Translates the given message given the `TranslationBundle`
  // no-op when called in extraction mode (returns [])
  private _translateMessage(el: html.Node, message: i18n.Message): html.Node[] {
    if (message && this._mode === _VisitorMode.Merge) {
      const nodes = this._translations.get(message);

      if (nodes) {
        return nodes;
      }

      this._reportError(
          el, `Translation unavailable for message id="${this._translations.digest(message)}"`);
    }

    return [];
  }

  // translate the attributes of an element and remove i18n specific attributes
  private _translateAttributes(el: html.Element): html.Attribute[] {
    const attributes = el.attrs;
    const i18nAttributeMeanings: {[name: string]: string} = {};

    attributes.forEach(attr => {
      if (attr.name.startsWith(_I18N_ATTR_PREFIX)) {
        i18nAttributeMeanings[attr.name.slice(_I18N_ATTR_PREFIX.length)] =
            _splitMeaningAndDesc(attr.value)[0];
      }
    });

    const translatedAttributes: html.Attribute[] = [];

    attributes.forEach((attr) => {
      if (attr.name === _I18N_ATTR || attr.name.startsWith(_I18N_ATTR_PREFIX)) {
        // strip i18n specific attributes
        return;
      }

      if (attr.value && attr.value != '' && i18nAttributeMeanings.hasOwnProperty(attr.name)) {
        const meaning = i18nAttributeMeanings[attr.name];
        const message: i18n.Message = this._createI18nMessage([attr], meaning, '');
        const nodes = this._translations.get(message);
        if (nodes) {
          if (nodes[0] instanceof html.Text) {
            const value = (nodes[0] as html.Text).value;
            translatedAttributes.push(new html.Attribute(attr.name, value, attr.sourceSpan));
          } else {
            this._reportError(
                el,
                `Unexpected translation for attribute "${attr.name}" (id="${this._translations.digest(message)}")`);
          }
        } else {
          this._reportError(
              el,
              `Translation unavailable for attribute "${attr.name}" (id="${this._translations.digest(message)}")`);
        }
      } else {
        translatedAttributes.push(attr);
      }
    });

    return translatedAttributes;
  }


  /**
   * Add the node as a child of the block when:
   * - we are in a block,
   * - we are not inside a ICU message (those are handled separately),
   * - the node is a "direct child" of the block
   */
  private _mayBeAddBlockChildren(node: html.Node): void {
    if (this._inI18nBlock && !this._inIcu && this._depth == this._blockStartDepth) {
      this._blockChildren.push(node);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Marks the start of a section, see `_endSection`
   */
  private _openTranslatableSection(node: html.Node): void {
    if (this._isInTranslatableSection) {
      this._reportError(node, 'Unexpected section start');
    } else {
      this._msgCountAtSectionStart = this._messages.length;
    }
  }

  /**
   * A translatable section could be:
   * - a translatable element,
   * - nodes between `<!-- i18n -->` and `<!-- /i18n -->` comments
   */
  private get _isInTranslatableSection(): boolean {
    return this._msgCountAtSectionStart !== void 0;
  }

  /**
   * Terminates a section.
   *
   * If a section has only one significant children (comments not significant) then we should not
   * keep the message from this children:
   *
   * `<p i18n="meaning|description">{ICU message}</p>` would produce two messages:
   * - one for the <p> content with meaning and description,
   * - another one for the ICU message.
   *
   * In this case the last message is discarded as it contains less information (the AST is
   * otherwise identical).
   *
   * Note that we should still keep messages extracted from attributes inside the section (ie in the
   * ICU message here)
   */
  private _closeTranslatableSection(node: html.Node, directChildren: html.Node[]): void {
    if (!this._isInTranslatableSection) {
      this._reportError(node, 'Unexpected section end');
      return;
    }

    const startIndex = this._msgCountAtSectionStart;
    const significantChildren: number = directChildren.reduce(
        (count: number, node: html.Node): number => count + (node instanceof html.Comment ? 0 : 1),
        0);

    if (significantChildren == 1) {
      for (let i = this._messages.length - 1; i >= startIndex; i--) {
        const ast = this._messages[i].nodes;
        if (!(ast.length == 1 && ast[0] instanceof i18n.Text)) {
          this._messages.splice(i, 1);
          break;
        }
      }
    }

    this._msgCountAtSectionStart = void 0;
  }

  private _reportError(node: html.Node, msg: string): void {
    this._errors.push(new I18nError(node.sourceSpan, msg));
  }
}

function _isOpeningComment(n: html.Node): boolean {
  return n instanceof html.Comment && n.value && n.value.startsWith('i18n');
}

function _isClosingComment(n: html.Node): boolean {
  return n instanceof html.Comment && n.value && n.value === '/i18n';
}

function _getI18nAttr(p: html.Element): html.Attribute {
  return p.attrs.find(attr => attr.name === _I18N_ATTR) || null;
}

function _splitMeaningAndDesc(i18n: string): [string, string] {
  if (!i18n) return ['', ''];
  const pipeIndex = i18n.indexOf('|');
  return pipeIndex == -1 ? ['', i18n] : [i18n.slice(0, pipeIndex), i18n.slice(pipeIndex + 1)];
}