fix(bazel): ng_package includes transitive .d.ts and flatModuleMetadata (#22499)

Fixes #22419

PR Close #22499

.circleci/bazel.rc

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# These options are enabled when running on CI
+# We do this by copying this file to /etc/bazel.bazelrc at the start of the build.
+# See remote cache documentation in /docs/BAZEL.md
+
+# Don't be spammy in the logs
+build --noshow_progress
+
+# Don't run manual tests
+test --test_tag_filters=-manual
+
+# Enable experimental CircleCI bazel remote cache proxy
+# See remote cache documentation in /docs/BAZEL.md
+build --experimental_remote_spawn_cache --remote_rest_cache=http://localhost:7643
+
+# Prevent unstable environment variables from tainting cache keys
+build --experimental_strict_action_env
+
+# Workaround https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/issues/3645
+# Bazel doesn't calculate the memory ceiling correctly when running under Docker.
+# Limit Bazel to consuming resources that fit in CircleCI "medium" class which is the default:
+# https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/configuration-reference/#resource_class
+build --local_resources=3072,2.0,1.0
+
+# Retry in the event of flakes, eg. https://circleci.com/gh/angular/angular/31309
+test --flaky_test_attempts=2

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -15,6 +15,13 @@
 var_1: &docker_image angular/ngcontainer:0.1.0
 var_2: &cache_key angular-{{ .Branch }}-{{ checksum "yarn.lock" }}-0.1.0
 
+# See remote cache documentation in /docs/BAZEL.md
+var_3: &setup-bazel-remote-cache
+  run:
+    name: Start up bazel remote cache proxy
+    command: ~/bazel-remote-proxy -backend circleci://
+    background: true
+
 # Settings common to each job
 anchor_1: &job_defaults
   working_directory: ~/ng
@@ -34,14 +41,16 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - checkout:
           <<: *post_checkout
-      # Check BUILD.bazel formatting before we have a node_modules directory
-      # Then we don't need any exclude pattern to avoid checking those files
-      - run: 'buildifier -mode=check $(find . -type f \( -name BUILD.bazel -or -name BUILD \)) ||
-              (echo "BUILD files not formatted. Please run ''yarn buildifier''" ; exit 1)'
-      # Run the skylark linter to check our Bazel rules
-      - run: 'find . -type f -name "*.bzl" |
-              xargs java -jar /usr/local/bin/Skylint_deploy.jar ||
+      # See remote cache documentation in /docs/BAZEL.md
+      - run: .circleci/setup_cache.sh
+      - run: sudo cp .circleci/bazel.rc /etc/bazel.bazelrc
+      - *setup-bazel-remote-cache
+
+      - run: 'yarn buildifier -mode=check ||
+              (echo -e "\nBUILD files not formatted. Please run ''yarn buildifier''" ; exit 1)'
+      - run: 'yarn skylint ||
               (echo -e "\n.bzl files have lint errors. Please run ''yarn skylint''"; exit 1)'
+
       - restore_cache:
           key: *cache_key
 
@@ -54,6 +63,11 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - checkout:
           <<: *post_checkout
+      # See remote cache documentation in /docs/BAZEL.md
+      - run: .circleci/setup_cache.sh
+      - run: sudo cp .circleci/bazel.rc /etc/bazel.bazelrc
+      - *setup-bazel-remote-cache
+
       - restore_cache:
           key: *cache_key
 
@@ -62,7 +76,16 @@ jobs:
       # Use bazel query so that we explicitly ask for all buildable targets to be built as well
       # This avoids waiting for a build command to finish before running the first test
       # See https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/issues/4257
-      - run: bazel query --output=label '//modules/... union //packages/... union //tools/...' | xargs bazel test --config=ci
+      - run: bazel query --output=label '//modules/... union //packages/... union //tools/...' | xargs bazel test
+
+      # CircleCI will allow us to go back and view/download these artifacts from past builds.
+      # Also we can use a service like https://buildsize.org/ to automatically track binary size of these artifacts.
+      - store_artifacts:
+          path: dist/bin/packages/core/test/bundling/hello_world/bundle.min.js
+          destination: packages/core/test/bundling/hello_world/bundle.min.js
+      - store_artifacts:
+          path: dist/bin/packages/core/test/bundling/hello_world/bundle.min.js.brotli
+          destination: packages/core/test/bundling/hello_world/bundle.min.js.brotli
 
       - save_cache:
           key: *cache_key

.circleci/setup_cache.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Install bazel remote cache proxy
+# This is temporary until the feature is no longer experimental on CircleCI.
+# See remote cache documentation in /docs/BAZEL.md
+
+set -u -e
+
+readonly DOWNLOAD_URL="https://5-116431813-gh.circle-artifacts.com/0/pkg/bazel-remote-proxy-$(uname -s)_$(uname -m)"
+
+curl --fail -o ~/bazel-remote-proxy "$DOWNLOAD_URL"
+chmod +x ~/bazel-remote-proxy

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ISSUES MISSING IMPORTANT INFORMATION MAY BE CLOSED WITHOUT INVESTIGATION.
 ## Minimal reproduction of the problem with instructions
 <!--
 For bug reports please provide the *STEPS TO REPRODUCE* and if possible a *MINIMAL DEMO* of the problem via
-https://plnkr.co or similar (you can use this template as a starting point: http://plnkr.co/edit/tpl:AvJOMERrnz94ekVua0u5).
+https://stackblitz.com or similar (you can use this template as a starting point: https://stackblitz.com/fork/angular-gitter).
 -->
 
 ## What is the motivation / use case for changing the behavior?

.github/angular-robot.yml

@@ -13,6 +13,30 @@ merge:
     # text to show when some checks are failing
     failureText: "The following checks are failing:"
 
+  # the g3 status will be added to your pull requests if they include files that match the patterns
+  g3Status:
+    # set to true to disable
+    disabled: false
+    # the name of the status
+    context: "google3"
+    # text to show when the status is pending
+    pendingDesc: "Googler: test this change in google3 http://go/angular-g3sync"
+    # text to show when the status is success
+    successDesc: "Does not affect google3"
+    # list of patterns to check for the files changed by the PR
+    # this list must be manually kept in sync with google3/third_party/javascript/angular2/copy.bara.sky
+    include:
+      - "BUILD.bazel"
+      - "LICENSE"
+      - "WORKSPACE"
+      - "modules/**"
+      - "packages/**"
+    # list of patterns to ignore for the files changed by the PR
+    exclude:
+      - "packages/language-service/**"
+      - "**/.gitignore"
+      - "**/.gitkeep"
+
   # comment that will be added to a PR when there is a conflict, leave empty or set to false to disable
   mergeConflictComment: "Hi @{{PRAuthor}}! This PR has merge conflicts due to recent upstream merges.
 \nPlease help to unblock it by resolving these conflicts. Thanks!"
@@ -26,13 +50,15 @@ merge:
     noConflict: true
     # list of labels that a PR needs to have, checked with a regexp (e.g. "PR target:" will work for the label "PR target: master")
     requiredLabels:
-      - "PR target:"
+      - "PR target: *"
       - "cla: yes"
 
     # list of labels that a PR shouldn't have, checked after the required labels with a regexp
     forbiddenLabels:
       - "PR target: TBD"
       - "PR action: cleanup"
+      - "PR action: review"
+      - "PR state: blocked"
       - "cla: no"
 
     # list of PR statuses that need to be successful
@@ -54,15 +80,23 @@ merge:
 
 # options for the triage plugin
 triage:
+  # number of the milestone to apply when the issue has not been triaged yet
+  needsTriageMilestone: 83,
   # number of the milestone to apply when the issue is triaged
   defaultMilestone: 82,
   # arrays of labels that determine if an issue is triaged
   triagedLabels:
     -
-      - "type: bug"
-      - "severity"
-      - "freq"
-      - "comp:"
+      - "type: bug/fix"
+      - "severity*"
+      - "freq*"
+      - "comp: *"
     -
       - "type: feature"
-      - "comp:"
+      - "comp: *"
+    -
+      - "type: refactor"
+      - "comp: *"
+    -
+      - "type: RFC / Discussion / question"
+      - "comp: *"

.pullapprove.yml

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ groups:
   all:
     users: all
     required: 1
+    rejection_value: -999
     # In this group, your self-approval does not count
     author_approval:
       auto: false

.travis.yml

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ env:
     - CI_MODE=aio
     - CI_MODE=aio_e2e AIO_SHARD=0
     - CI_MODE=aio_e2e AIO_SHARD=1
-    - CI_MODE=bazel
 
 matrix:
   fast_finish: true

BUILD.bazel

@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ filegroup(
         "typescript",
         "zone.js",
         "tsutils",
-        "@types/jasmine",
-        "@types/node",
-        "@types/source-map",
+        "@types",
         "tsickle",
         "hammerjs",
         "protobufjs",
@@ -34,6 +32,7 @@ filegroup(
         "reflect-metadata",
         "source-map-support",
         "minimist",
+        "tslib",
     ] for ext in [
         "*.js",
         "*.json",

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,198 @@
+<a name="6.0.0-beta.5"></a>
+# [6.0.0-beta.5](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/6.0.0-beta.4...6.0.0-beta.5) (2018-02-22)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **animations:** report correct totalTime value even during noOp animations ([#22225](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22225)) ([e1bf067](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/e1bf067))
+* **common:** correct mapping of Observable methods ([#20518](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20518)) ([2639b4b](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/2639b4b)), closes [#20516](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20516)
+* **common:** then and else template might be set to null ([#22298](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22298)) ([8115edc](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/8115edc))
+* **compiler-cli:** add missing entry point to package, update tsickle ([#22295](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22295)) ([28ac244](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/28ac244))
+* **core:** properly handle function without prototype in reflector ([#22284](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22284)) ([a7ebf5a](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/a7ebf5a)), closes [#19978](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/19978)
+* **core:** require factory to be provided for shakeable InjectionToken ([#22207](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22207)) ([f755db7](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/f755db7)), closes [#22205](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22205)
+* **forms:** set state before emitting a value from ngModelChange ([#21514](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21514)) ([3e6a86f](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/3e6a86f)), closes [#21513](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21513)
+* **core:** set `preserveWhitespaces` to false by default ([#22046](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22046)) ([f1a0632](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/f1a0632)), closes [#22027](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22027)
+
+### Features
+
+* **common:** better error message when non-template element used in NgIf ([#22274](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22274)) ([67cf11d](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/67cf11d)), closes [#16410](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/16410)
+* **compiler-cli:** Check unvalidated combination of ngc and TypeScript ([#22293](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22293)) ([3ceee99](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/3ceee99)), closes [#20669](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20669)
+* **core:** support metadata reflection for native class types ([#22356](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22356)) ([5c89d6b](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/5c89d6b)), closes [#21731](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21731)
+* **platform-browser:** do not throw error when Hammer.js not loaded ([#22257](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22257)) ([991300b](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/991300b)), closes [#16992](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/16992)
+* **platform-browser:** fix [#19604](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/19604), can config hammerOptions ([#21979](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21979)) ([1d571b2](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/1d571b2))
+
+### BREAKING CHANGES
+
+* **animations:** When animation is triggered within a disabled zone, the
+associated event (which an instance of AnimationEvent) will no longer
+report the totalTime as 0 (it will emit the actual time of the
+animation). To detect if an animation event is reporting a disabled
+animation then the `event.disabled` property can be used instead.
+
+* **forms:** ngModelChange is now emitted after the value/validity is updated on its control.
+
+Previously, ngModelChange was emitted before its underlying control was updated.
+This was fine if you passed through the value directly through the $event keyword, e.g.
+
+```
+<input [(ngModel)]="name" (ngModelChange)="onChange($event)">
+
+onChange(value) {
+   console.log(value);               // would log updated value
+}
+```
+
+However, if you had a handler for the ngModelChange event that checked the value through the control,
+you would get the old value rather than the updated value. e.g:
+
+```
+<input #modelDir="ngModel" [(ngModel)]="name" (ngModelChange)="onChange(modelDir)">
+
+onChange(ngModel: NgModel) {
+  console.log(ngModel.value);        // would log old value, not updated value
+}
+```
+
+Now the value and validity will be updated before the ngModelChange event is emitted,
+so the same setup will log the updated value.
+
+```
+onChange(ngModel: NgModel) {
+   console.log(ngModel.value);       // will log updated value
+}
+```
+
+We think this order will be less confusing when the control is checked directly.
+You will only need to update your app if it has relied on this bug to keep track of the old control value.
+If that is the case, you should be able to track the old value directly by saving it on your component.
+
+<a name="5.2.6"></a>
+## [5.2.6](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/5.2.5...5.2.6) (2018-02-22)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **common:** correct mapping of Observable methods ([#20518](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20518)) ([ce5e8fa](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/ce5e8fa)), closes [#20516](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20516)
+* **common:** then and else template might be set to null ([#22298](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22298)) ([af6a056](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/af6a056))
+* **compiler-cli:** add missing entry point to package, update tsickle ([#22295](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22295)) ([c5418c7](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/c5418c7))
+* **core:** properly handle function without prototype in reflector ([#22284](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22284)) ([5ec38f2](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/5ec38f2)), closes [#19978](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/19978)
+* **core:** support metadata reflection for native class types ([#22356](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22356)) ([ee91de9](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/ee91de9)), closes [#21731](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21731)
+
+<a name="6.0.0-beta.4"></a>
+# [6.0.0-beta.4](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/6.0.0-beta.3...6.0.0-beta.4) (2018-02-14)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **bazel:** allow TS to read ambient typings ([#21876](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21876)) ([b081dfe](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/b081dfe)), closes [#21872](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21872)
+* **bazel:** improve error message for missing assets ([#22096](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22096)) ([dcf64a0](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/dcf64a0)), closes [#22095](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22095)
+* **common:** add locale currency values ([#21783](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21783)) ([420cc7a](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/420cc7a)), closes [#20385](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20385)
+* **common:** round currencies based on decimal digits in `CurrencyPipe` ([#21783](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21783)) ([44154e7](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/44154e7)), closes [#10189](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/10189)
+* **common:** weaken AsyncPipe transform signature ([#22169](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22169)) ([be59c3a](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/be59c3a))
+* **compiler:** make unary plus operator consistent to JavaScript ([#22154](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22154)) ([72f8abd](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/72f8abd)), closes [#22089](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22089)
+* **core:** add stacktrace in log when error during cleanup component in TestBed ([#22162](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22162)) ([16d1700](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/16d1700))
+* **core:** ensure initial value of QueryList length ([#21980](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21980)) ([#21982](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21982)) ([e56de10](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/e56de10)), closes [#21980](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21980)
+* **core:** use appropriate inert document strategy for Firefox & Safari ([#17019](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/17019)) ([a751649](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/a751649))
+* **forms:** make Validators.email support optional controls ([#20869](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20869)) ([140e7c0](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/140e7c0))
+* **forms:** prevent event emission on enable/disable when emitEvent is false ([#12366](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/12366)) ([#21018](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21018)) ([0bcfae7](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/0bcfae7))
+* **forms:** set state before emitting a value from ngModelChange ([#21514](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21514)) ([9744a1c](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/9744a1c)), closes [#21513](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21513)
+* **language-service:** correct instructions to install the language service ([#22000](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22000)) ([b37cee3](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/b37cee3))
+* **platform-browser:** add @Injectable where it was missing ([#22005](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22005)) ([0a1a397](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/0a1a397))
+* **platform-browser:** support 0/false/null values in transfer_state ([#22179](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22179)) ([6435ecd](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/6435ecd))
+
+
+### Features
+
+* **bazel:** allow explicit specification of factories ([#22003](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22003)) ([e442881](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/e442881))
+* **compiler:** mark @NgModules in provider lists for identification at runtime ([#22005](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22005)) ([2d5e7d1](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/2d5e7d1))
+* **forms:** multiple validators for array method ([#20766](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20766)) ([941e88f](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/941e88f)), closes [#20665](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20665)
+* change @Injectable() to support tree-shakeable tokens ([#22005](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22005)) ([235a235](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/235a235))
+
+<a name="5.2.5"></a>
+## [5.2.5](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/5.2.4...5.2.5) (2018-02-14)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **aio:** update Firebase redirects and SW routes ([#21763](https://github.com/angular/angular/pull/21763)) ([#22104](https://github.com/angular/angular/pull/22104)) ([15ff7ba](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/15ff7ba)), closes [#21377](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21377)
+* **bazel:** allow TS to read ambient typings ([#21876](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21876)) ([d57fd0b](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/d57fd0b)), closes [#21872](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21872)
+* **bazel:** improve error message for missing assets ([#22096](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22096)) ([c5ec8d9](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/c5ec8d9)), closes [#22095](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22095)
+* **common:** weaken AsyncPipe transform signature ([#22169](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22169)) ([c6bdc83](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/c6bdc83))
+* **compiler:** make unary plus operator consistent to JavaScript ([#22154](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22154)) ([1b8ea10](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/1b8ea10)), closes [#22089](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22089)
+* **core:** add stacktrace in log when error during cleanup component in TestBed ([#22162](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22162)) ([c4f841f](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/c4f841f))
+* **core:** ensure initial value of QueryList length ([#21980](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21980)) ([#21982](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21982)) ([47b73fd](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/47b73fd)), closes [#21980](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21980)
+* **core:** use appropriate inert document strategy for Firefox & Safari ([#17019](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/17019)) ([47b71d9](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/47b71d9))
+* **forms:** prevent event emission on enable/disable when emitEvent is false ([#12366](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/12366)) ([#21018](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21018)) ([56b9591](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/56b9591))
+* **language-service:** correct instructions to install the language service ([#22000](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22000)) ([0b23573](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/0b23573))
+* **platform-browser:** support 0/false/null values in transfer_state ([#22179](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22179)) ([da6ab91](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/da6ab91))
+
+<a name="6.0.0-beta.3"></a>
+# [6.0.0-beta.3](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/6.0.0-beta.2...6.0.0-beta.3) (2018-02-07)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **common:** don't convert null to a string when flushing a mock request ([#21417](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21417)) ([8b14488](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/8b14488)), closes [#20744](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20744)
+* **core:** fix [#20582](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20582), don't need to wrap zone in location change listener ([#20640](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20640)) ([f791e9f](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/f791e9f))
+* **core:** fix proper propagation of subscriptions in EventEmitter ([#22016](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22016)) ([e81606c](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/e81606c)), closes [#21999](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21999)
+* **core:** should check Zone existance when scheduleMicroTask ([#20656](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20656)) ([3a86940](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/3a86940))
+* **forms:** publish missing types ([#19941](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/19941)) ([2707012](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/2707012))
+* **ivy:** generate correct interpolations ([#21946](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21946)) ([3cc1d76](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/3cc1d76))
+* **ivy:** generate lifecycle pattern ([#21865](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21865)) ([f816666](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/f816666))
+* **ivy:** improve `bindV` perf and memory usage ([#21881](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21881)) ([0846784](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/0846784))
+* **ivy:** remove unnecessary parameter of NgOnChangesFeature ([#21879](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21879)) ([65cf1ad](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/65cf1ad))
+
+
+### Features
+
+* **compiler-cli:** reflect static methods added to classes in metadata ([#21926](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21926)) ([eb8ddd2](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/eb8ddd2))
+* **ivy:** add canonical example of a pipe. ([#21834](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21834)) ([743d8bc](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/743d8bc))
+* **ivy:** add support for attributes on ng-content nodes ([#21935](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21935)) ([1aa2947](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/1aa2947))
+* **ivy:** memoize array literals in render3 ([#21973](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21973)) ([4d62be6](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/4d62be6))
+
+
+### Performance Improvements
+
+* **ivy:** improve Uglify configuration in hello world integration test ([#21985](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21985)) ([7e51e52](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/7e51e52))
+
+
+
+<a name="5.2.4"></a>
+## [5.2.4](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/5.2.3...5.2.4) (2018-02-07)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **common:** don't convert null to a string when flushing a mock request ([#21417](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21417)) ([c4fb696](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/c4fb696)), closes [#20744](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20744)
+* **core:** fix [#20582](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20582), don't need to wrap zone in location change listener ([#22007](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22007)) ([ce51ea9](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/ce51ea9))
+* **core:** fix proper propagation of subscriptions in EventEmitter ([#22016](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/22016)) ([c6645e7](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/c6645e7)), closes [#21999](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21999)
+* **core:** should check Zone existance when scheduleMicroTask ([#20656](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20656)) ([aa9ba7f](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/aa9ba7f))
+
+
+
+<a name="6.0.0-beta.2"></a>
+# [6.0.0-beta.2](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/6.0.0-beta.1...6.0.0-beta.2) (2018-01-31)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* **router:** add navigationSource and restoredState to NavigationStart event ([#21728](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21728)) ([c40ae7f](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/c40ae7f))
+* **service-worker:** add helper script which will uninstall SW ([#21863](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21863)) ([b10540a](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/b10540a))
+
+
+
+<a name="5.2.3"></a>
+## [5.2.3](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/5.2.2...5.2.3) (2018-01-31)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **common:** allow HttpInterceptors to inject HttpClient ([#19809](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/19809)) ([ed2b717](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/ed2b717)), closes [#18224](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/18224)
+* **common:** generate closure-locale data file with exported plural functions ([#21873](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21873)) ([c2f5ed5](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/c2f5ed5)), closes [#21870](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21870)
+* **core:** fix retrieving the binding name when an expression changes ([#21814](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21814)) ([81d64d6](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/81d64d6)), closes [#21735](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21735) [#21788](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21788)
+* **forms:** allow FormBuilder to create controls with any formState type ([#20917](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20917)) ([56f3e18](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/56f3e18)), closes [#20368](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/20368)
+* **forms:** inserting and removing controls should work in re-bound form arrays ([#21822](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21822)) ([fad99cc](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/fad99cc)), closes [#21501](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21501)
+* **language-service:** ensure correct paths are passed to TypeScript ([#21812](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21812)) ([250c8da](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/250c8da))
+* **language-service:** spell diagnostics correctly ([#21812](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21812)) ([778e6e7](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/778e6e7))
+* **router:** remove [@internal](https://github.com/internal) tag on ParamInheritanceType ([#21773](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21773)) ([35a0721](https://github.com/angular/angular/commit/35a0721)), closes [#21456](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/21456)
+
+
+
 <a name="6.0.0-beta.1"></a>
 # [6.0.0-beta.1](https://github.com/angular/angular/compare/6.0.0-beta.0...6.0.0-beta.1) (2018-01-25)
 

CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Contributor Code of Conduct
+## Version 0.3b-angular
+
+As contributors and maintainers of the Angular project, we pledge to respect everyone who contributes by posting issues, updating documentation, submitting pull requests, providing feedback in comments, and any other activities.
+
+Communication through any of Angular's channels (GitHub, Gitter, IRC, mailing lists, Google+, Twitter, etc.) must be constructive and never resort to personal attacks, trolling, public or private harassment, insults, or other unprofessional conduct.
+
+We promise to extend courtesy and respect to everyone involved in this project regardless of gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, disability, age, race, ethnicity, religion, or level of experience. We expect anyone contributing to the Angular project to do the same.
+
+If any member of the community violates this code of conduct, the maintainers of the Angular project may take action, removing issues, comments, and PRs or blocking accounts as deemed appropriate.
+
+If you are subject to or witness unacceptable behavior, or have any other concerns, please email us at [conduct@angular.io](mailto:conduct@angular.io).

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ and help you to craft the change so that it is successfully accepted into the pr
 
 Before you submit an issue, please search the issue tracker, maybe an issue for your problem already exists and the discussion might inform you of workarounds readily available.
 
-We want to fix all the issues as soon as possible, but before fixing a bug we need to reproduce and confirm it. In order to reproduce bugs we will systematically ask you to provide a minimal reproduction scenario using http://plnkr.co. Having a live, reproducible scenario gives us wealth of important information without going back & forth to you with additional questions like:
+We want to fix all the issues as soon as possible, but before fixing a bug we need to reproduce and confirm it. In order to reproduce bugs, we will systematically ask you to provide a minimal reproduction scenario using http://plnkr.co. Having a live, reproducible scenario gives us a wealth of important information without going back & forth to you with additional questions like:
 
 - version of Angular used
 - 3rd-party libraries and their versions
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ A minimal reproduce scenario using http://plnkr.co/ allows us to quickly confirm
 
 We will be insisting on a minimal reproduce scenario in order to save maintainers time and ultimately be able to fix more bugs. Interestingly, from our experience users often find coding problems themselves while preparing a minimal plunk. We understand that sometimes it might be hard to extract essentials bits of code from a larger code-base but we really need to isolate the problem before we can fix it.
 
-Unfortunately we are not able to investigate / fix bugs without a minimal reproduction, so if we don't hear back from you we are going to close an issue that don't have enough info to be reproduced.
+Unfortunately, we are not able to investigate / fix bugs without a minimal reproduction, so if we don't hear back from you we are going to close an issue that doesn't have enough info to be reproduced.
 
 You can file new issues by filling out our [new issue form](https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/new).
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Before you submit your Pull Request (PR) consider the following guidelines:
 1. Search [GitHub](https://github.com/angular/angular/pulls) for an open or closed PR
   that relates to your submission. You don't want to duplicate effort.
 1. Please sign our [Contributor License Agreement (CLA)](#cla) before sending PRs.
-  We cannot accept code without this.
+  We cannot accept code without this. Make sure you sign with the primary email address of the Git identity that has been granted access to the Angular repository.
 1. Fork the angular/angular repo.
 1. Make your changes in a new git branch:
 
@@ -173,12 +173,12 @@ The **header** is mandatory and the **scope** of the header is optional.
 Any line of the commit message cannot be longer 100 characters! This allows the message to be easier
 to read on GitHub as well as in various git tools.
 
-Footer should contain a [closing reference to an issue](https://help.github.com/articles/closing-issues-via-commit-messages/) if any.
+The footer should contain a [closing reference to an issue](https://help.github.com/articles/closing-issues-via-commit-messages/) if any.
 
 Samples: (even more [samples](https://github.com/angular/angular/commits/master))
 
 ```
-docs(changelog): update change log to beta.5
+docs(changelog): update changelog to beta.5
 ```
 ```
 fix(release): need to depend on latest rxjs and zone.js
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ Must be one of the following:
 * **test**: Adding missing tests or correcting existing tests
 
 ### Scope
-The scope should be the name of the npm package affected (as perceived by person reading changelog generated from commit messages.
+The scope should be the name of the npm package affected (as perceived by the person reading the changelog generated from commit messages.
 
 The following is the list of supported scopes:
 
@@ -232,10 +232,10 @@ There are currently a few exceptions to the "use package name" rule:
 * none/empty string: useful for `style`, `test` and `refactor` changes that are done across all packages (e.g. `style: add missing semicolons`)
 
 ### Subject
-The subject contains succinct description of the change:
+The subject contains a succinct description of the change:
 
 * use the imperative, present tense: "change" not "changed" nor "changes"
-* don't capitalize first letter
+* don't capitalize the first letter
 * no dot (.) at the end
 
 ### Body
@@ -259,6 +259,19 @@ changes to be accepted, the CLA must be signed. It's a quick process, we promise
 * For corporations we'll need you to
   [print, sign and one of scan+email, fax or mail the form][corporate-cla].
 
+<hr>
+
+  If you have more than one Git identity, you must make sure that you sign the CLA using the primary email address associated with the ID that has been granted access to the Angular repository. Git identities can be associated with more than one email address, and only one is primary. Here are some links to help you sort out multiple Git identities and email addresses:
+
+  * https://help.github.com/articles/setting-your-commit-email-address-in-git/
+  * https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37245303/what-does-usera-committed-with-userb-13-days-ago-on-github-mean
+  * https://help.github.com/articles/about-commit-email-addresses/
+  * https://help.github.com/articles/blocking-command-line-pushes-that-expose-your-personal-email-address/
+
+  Note that if you have more than one Git identity, it is important to verify that you are logged in with the same ID with which you signed the CLA, before you commit changes. If not, your PR will fail the CLA check.  
+
+<hr>
+
 
 [angular-group]: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/angular
 [coc]: https://github.com/angular/code-of-conduct/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

WORKSPACE

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 workspace(name = "angular")
 
-load("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:git.bzl", "git_repository")
+# Using a pre-release snapshot to pick up a commit that makes all nodejs_binary
+# programs produce source-mapped stack traces and uglify sourcemaps.
+RULES_NODEJS_VERSION = "4303cbef12e5e252ad66cc35cff1123e3a44ee83"
 
-git_repository(
+http_archive(
     name = "build_bazel_rules_nodejs",
-    remote = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_nodejs.git",
-    tag = "0.3.1",
+    url = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_nodejs/archive/%s.zip" % RULES_NODEJS_VERSION,
+    strip_prefix = "rules_nodejs-%s" % RULES_NODEJS_VERSION,
+    sha256 = "fccb9a7122f339d89c9994dc0fea33c737dd76e66281d0da0cb841da5f1edec7",
 )
 
 load("@build_bazel_rules_nodejs//:defs.bzl", "check_bazel_version", "node_repositories")
@@ -13,10 +16,13 @@ load("@build_bazel_rules_nodejs//:defs.bzl", "check_bazel_version", "node_reposi
 check_bazel_version("0.9.0")
 node_repositories(package_json = ["//:package.json"])
 
-git_repository(
+RULES_TYPESCRIPT_VERSION = "d3cc5cd72d89aee0e4c2553ae1b99c707ecbef4e"
+
+http_archive(
     name = "build_bazel_rules_typescript",
-    remote = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_typescript.git",
-    commit = "c4ea003acd7d42269b81a2d25eb832972cd24912"
+    url = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_typescript/archive/%s.zip" % RULES_TYPESCRIPT_VERSION,
+    strip_prefix = "rules_typescript-%s" % RULES_TYPESCRIPT_VERSION,
+    sha256 = "a233fcca41c3e59f639ac71c396edb30e9e9716cf8ed5fb20b51ff8910d5d895",
 )
 
 load("@build_bazel_rules_typescript//:defs.bzl", "ts_setup_workspace")
@@ -28,13 +34,16 @@ local_repository(
     path = "node_modules/rxjs/src",
 )
 
-git_repository(
+# This commit matches the version of buildifier in angular/ngcontainer
+# If you change this, also check if it matches the version in the angular/ngcontainer
+# version in /.circleci/config.yml
+BAZEL_BUILDTOOLS_VERSION = "b3b620e8bcff18ed3378cd3f35ebeb7016d71f71"
+
+http_archive(
     name = "com_github_bazelbuild_buildtools",
-    remote = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/buildtools.git",
-    # Note, this commit matches the version of buildifier in angular/ngcontainer
-    # If you change this, also check if it matches the version in the angular/ngcontainer
-    # version in /.circleci/config.yml
-    commit = "b3b620e8bcff18ed3378cd3f35ebeb7016d71f71",
+    url = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/buildtools/archive/%s.zip" % BAZEL_BUILDTOOLS_VERSION,
+    strip_prefix = "buildtools-%s" % BAZEL_BUILDTOOLS_VERSION,
+    sha256 = "dad19224258ed67cbdbae9b7befb785c3b966e5a33b04b3ce58ddb7824b97d73",
 )
 
 http_archive(
@@ -56,3 +65,23 @@ http_archive(
     strip_prefix = "bazel-9755c72b48866ed034bd28aa033e9abd27431b1e",
     sha256 = "5b8443fc3481b5fcd9e7f348e1dd93c1397f78b223623c39eb56494c55f41962",
 )
+
+# We have a source dependency on the Devkit repository, because it's built with
+# Bazel.
+# This allows us to edit sources and have the effect appear immediately without
+# re-packaging or "npm link"ing.
+# Even better, things like aspects will visit the entire graph including
+# ts_library rules in the devkit repository.
+http_archive(
+    name = "angular_devkit",
+    url = "https://github.com/angular/devkit/archive/v0.3.1.zip",
+    strip_prefix = "devkit-0.3.1",
+    sha256 = "31d4b597fe9336650acf13df053c1c84dcbe9c29c6a833bcac3819cd3fd8cad3",
+)
+
+http_archive(
+    name = "org_brotli",
+    url = "https://github.com/google/brotli/archive/v1.0.2.zip",
+    strip_prefix = "brotli-1.0.2",
+    sha256 = "b43d5d6bc40f2fa6c785b738d86c6bbe022732fe25196ebbe43b9653a025920d",
+)

aio/.angular-cli.json

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
   ],
   "e2e": {
     "protractor": {
-      "config": "./protractor.conf.js"
+      "config": "tests/e2e/protractor.conf.js"
     }
   },
   "lint": [
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@
       "project": "src/tsconfig.spec.json"
     },
     {
-      "project": "e2e/tsconfig.e2e.json"
+      "project": "tests/e2e/tsconfig.e2e.json"
     }
   ],
   "test": {
     "karma": {
-      "config": "./karma.conf.js"
+      "config": "src/karma.conf.js"
     }
   },
   "defaults": {

aio/README.md

@@ -105,8 +105,7 @@ The general setup is as follows:
 * Open a terminal, ensure the dependencies are installed; run an initial doc generation; then start the doc-viewer:
 
 ```bash
-yarn
-yarn docs
+yarn setup
 yarn start
 ```
 

aio/content/examples/component-styles/src/app/hero-details.component.css

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /* #docregion import */
-@import 'hero-details-box.css';
+/* The AOT compiler needs the `./` to show that this is local */
+@import './hero-details-box.css';
 /* #enddocregion import */
 
 /* #docregion host */

aio/content/examples/component-styles/src/app/hero-team.component.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ import { Hero } from './hero';
 @Component({
   selector: 'app-hero-team',
   template: `
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/hero-team.component.css">
+    <!-- We must use a relative URL so that the AOT compiler can find the stylesheet -->
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../assets/hero-team.component.css">
     <h3>Team</h3>
     <ul>
       <li *ngFor="let member of hero.team">

aio/content/examples/dynamic-component-loader/src/app/ad-banner.component.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 // #docregion
-import { Component, Input, AfterViewInit, ViewChild, ComponentFactoryResolver, OnDestroy } from '@angular/core';
+import { Component, Input, OnInit, ViewChild, ComponentFactoryResolver, OnDestroy } from '@angular/core';
 
 import { AdDirective } from './ad.directive';
 import { AdItem }      from './ad-item';
 import { AdComponent } from './ad.component';
 
 @Component({
-  selector: 'app-add-banner',
+  selector: 'app-ad-banner',
   // #docregion ad-host
   template: `
               <div class="ad-banner">
@@ -17,16 +17,15 @@ import { AdComponent } from './ad.component';
   // #enddocregion ad-host
 })
 // #docregion class
-export class AdBannerComponent implements AfterViewInit, OnDestroy {
+export class AdBannerComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy {
   @Input() ads: AdItem[];
-  currentAddIndex: number = -1;
+  currentAdIndex: number = -1;
   @ViewChild(AdDirective) adHost: AdDirective;
-  subscription: any;
   interval: any;
 
   constructor(private componentFactoryResolver: ComponentFactoryResolver) { }
 
-  ngAfterViewInit() {
+  ngOnInit() {
     this.loadComponent();
     this.getAds();
   }
@@ -36,8 +35,8 @@ export class AdBannerComponent implements AfterViewInit, OnDestroy {
   }
 
   loadComponent() {
-    this.currentAddIndex = (this.currentAddIndex + 1) % this.ads.length;
-    let adItem = this.ads[this.currentAddIndex];
+    this.currentAdIndex = (this.currentAdIndex + 1) % this.ads.length;
+    let adItem = this.ads[this.currentAdIndex];
 
     let componentFactory = this.componentFactoryResolver.resolveComponentFactory(adItem.component);
 

aio/content/examples/dynamic-component-loader/src/app/app.component.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { AdItem }            from './ad-item';
   selector: 'app-root',
   template: `
     <div>
-      <app-add-banner [ads]="ads"></app-add-banner>
+      <app-ad-banner [ads]="ads"></app-ad-banner>
     </div>
   `
 })

aio/content/examples/form-validation/e2e/app.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ describe('Form Validation Tests', function () {
     });
 
     tests('Template-Driven Form');
+    bobTests();
   });
 
   describe('Reactive form', () => {

aio/content/examples/form-validation/src/app/shared/forbidden-name.directive.ts

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export function forbiddenNameValidator(nameRe: RegExp): ValidatorFn {
   // #enddocregion directive-providers
 })
 export class ForbiddenValidatorDirective implements Validator {
-  @Input() forbiddenName: string;
+  @Input('appForbiddenName') forbiddenName: string;
 
   validate(control: AbstractControl): {[key: string]: any} {
     return this.forbiddenName ? forbiddenNameValidator(new RegExp(this.forbiddenName, 'i'))(control)

aio/content/examples/form-validation/src/app/template/hero-form-template.component.html

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
         <!-- #docregion name-with-error-msg -->
         <!-- #docregion name-input -->
         <input id="name" name="name" class="form-control"
-               required minlength="4" forbiddenName="bob"
+               required minlength="4" appForbiddenName="bob"
                [(ngModel)]="hero.name" #name="ngModel" >
         <!-- #enddocregion name-input -->
 

aio/content/examples/http/e2e-spec.ts

@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-'use strict'; // necessary for es6 output in node
-
-import { browser, element, by } from 'protractor';
-
-describe('Server Communication', function () {
-
-  beforeAll(function () {
-    browser.get('');
-  });
-
-  describe('Tour of Heroes (Observable)', function () {
-
-    let initialHeroCount = 4;
-    let newHeroName = 'Mr. IQ';
-    let heroCountAfterAdd = 5;
-
-    let heroListComp = element(by.tagName('hero-list'));
-    let addButton = heroListComp.element(by.tagName('button'));
-    let heroTags = heroListComp.all(by.tagName('li'));
-    let heroNameInput = heroListComp.element(by.tagName('input'));
-
-    it('should exist', function() {
-      expect(heroListComp).toBeDefined('<hero-list> must exist');
-    });
-
-    it('should display ' + initialHeroCount + ' heroes after init', function () {
-      expect(heroTags.count()).toBe(initialHeroCount);
-    });
-
-    it('should not add hero with empty name', function () {
-      expect(addButton).toBeDefined('"Add Hero" button must be defined');
-      addButton.click().then(function() {
-        expect(heroTags.count()).toBe(initialHeroCount, 'No new hero should be added');
-      });
-    });
-
-    it('should add a new hero to the list', function () {
-      expect(heroNameInput).toBeDefined('<input> for hero name must exist');
-      expect(addButton).toBeDefined('"Add Hero" button must be defined');
-      heroNameInput.sendKeys(newHeroName);
-      addButton.click().then(function() {
-        expect(heroTags.count()).toBe(heroCountAfterAdd, 'A new hero should be added');
-        let newHeroInList = heroTags.get(heroCountAfterAdd - 1).getText();
-        expect(newHeroInList).toBe(newHeroName, 'The hero should be added to the end of the list');
-      });
-    });
-  });
-
-  describe('Wikipedia Demo', function () {
-
-    it('should initialize the demo with empty result list', function () {
-      let myWikiComp = element(by.tagName('my-wiki'));
-      expect(myWikiComp).toBeDefined('<my-wiki> must exist');
-      let resultList = myWikiComp.all(by.tagName('li'));
-      expect(resultList.count()).toBe(0, 'result list must be empty');
-    });
-
-    describe('Fetches after each keystroke', function () {
-      it('should fetch results after "B"', function(done: any) {
-        testForRefreshedResult('B', done);
-      });
-
-      it('should fetch results after "Ba"', function(done: any) {
-        testForRefreshedResult('a', done);
-      });
-
-      it('should fetch results after "Bas"', function(done: any) {
-        testForRefreshedResult('s', done);
-      });
-
-      it('should fetch results after "Basic"', function(done: any) {
-        testForRefreshedResult('ic', done);
-      });
-    });
-
-    function testForRefreshedResult(keyPressed: string, done: () => void) {
-      testForResult('my-wiki', keyPressed, false, done);
-    }
-  });
-
-  describe('Smarter Wikipedia Demo', function () {
-
-    it('should initialize the demo with empty result list', function () {
-      let myWikiSmartComp = element(by.tagName('my-wiki-smart'));
-      expect(myWikiSmartComp).toBeDefined('<my-wiki-smart> must exist');
-      let resultList = myWikiSmartComp.all(by.tagName('li'));
-      expect(resultList.count()).toBe(0, 'result list must be empty');
-    });
-
-    it('should fetch results after "Java"', function(done: any) {
-      testForNewResult('Java', done);
-    });
-
-    it('should fetch results after "JavaS"', function(done: any) {
-      testForStaleResult('S', done);
-    });
-
-    it('should fetch results after "JavaSc"', function(done: any) {
-      testForStaleResult('c', done);
-    });
-
-    it('should fetch results after "JavaScript"', function(done: any) {
-      testForStaleResult('ript', done);
-    });
-
-
-    function testForNewResult(keyPressed: string, done: () => void) {
-      testForResult('my-wiki-smart', keyPressed, false, done);
-    }
-
-    function testForStaleResult(keyPressed: string, done: () => void) {
-      testForResult('my-wiki-smart', keyPressed, true, done);
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  function testForResult(componentTagName: string, keyPressed: string, hasListBeforeSearch: boolean, done: () => void) {
-    let searchWait = 1000; // Wait for wikipedia but not so long that tests timeout
-    let wikiComponent = element(by.tagName(componentTagName));
-    expect(wikiComponent).toBeDefined('<' + componentTagName + '> must exist');
-    let searchBox = wikiComponent.element(by.tagName('input'));
-    expect(searchBox).toBeDefined('<input> for search must exist');
-
-    searchBox.sendKeys(keyPressed).then(function () {
-      let resultList = wikiComponent.all(by.tagName('li'));
-
-      if (hasListBeforeSearch) {
-        expect(resultList.count()).toBeGreaterThan(0, 'result list should not be empty before search');
-      }
-
-      setTimeout(function() {
-        expect(resultList.count()).toBeGreaterThan(0, 'result list should not be empty after search');
-        done();
-      }, searchWait);
-    });
-  }
-
-});

aio/content/examples/http/e2e/app.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import { browser, element, by, ElementFinder } from 'protractor';
+import { resolve } from 'path';
+
+const page = {
+  configClearButton: element.all(by.css('app-config > div button')).get(2),
+  configErrorButton: element.all(by.css('app-config > div button')).get(3),
+  configErrorMessage: element(by.css('app-config p')),
+  configGetButton: element.all(by.css('app-config > div button')).get(0),
+  configGetResponseButton: element.all(by.css('app-config > div button')).get(1),
+  configSpan: element(by.css('app-config span')),
+  downloadButton: element.all(by.css('app-downloader button')).get(0),
+  downloadClearButton: element.all(by.css('app-downloader button')).get(1),
+  downloadMessage: element(by.css('app-downloader p')),
+  heroesListAddButton: element.all(by.css('app-heroes > div button')).get(0),
+  heroesListInput: element(by.css('app-heroes > div input')),
+  heroesListSearchButton: element.all(by.css('app-heroes > div button')).get(1),
+  heroesListItems: element.all(by.css('app-heroes ul li')),
+  logClearButton: element(by.css('app-messages button')),
+  logList: element(by.css('app-messages ol')),
+  logListItems: element.all(by.css('app-messages ol li')),
+  searchInput: element(by.css('app-package-search input#name')),
+  searchListItems: element.all(by.css('app-package-search li')),
+  uploadInput: element(by.css('app-uploader input')),
+  uploadMessage: element(by.css('app-uploader p'))
+};
+
+let checkLogForMessage = (message: string) => {
+  expect(page.logList.getText()).toContain(message);
+};
+
+describe('Http Tests', function() {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    browser.get('');
+  });
+
+  describe('Heroes', () => {
+    it('retrieves the list of heroes at startup', () => {
+      expect(page.heroesListItems.count()).toBe(4);
+      expect(page.heroesListItems.get(0).getText()).toContain('Mr. Nice');
+      checkLogForMessage('GET "api/heroes"');
+    });
+
+    it('makes a POST to add a new hero', () => {
+      page.heroesListInput.sendKeys('Magneta');
+      page.heroesListAddButton.click();
+      expect(page.heroesListItems.count()).toBe(5);
+      checkLogForMessage('POST "api/heroes"');
+    });
+
+    it('makes a GET to search for a hero', () => {
+      page.heroesListInput.sendKeys('Celeritas');
+      page.heroesListSearchButton.click();
+      checkLogForMessage('GET "api/heroes?name=Celeritas"');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Messages', () => {
+    it('can clear the logs', () => {
+      expect(page.logListItems.count()).toBe(1);
+      page.logClearButton.click();
+      expect(page.logListItems.count()).toBe(0);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Configuration', () => {
+    it('can fetch the configuration JSON file', () => {
+      page.configGetButton.click();
+      checkLogForMessage('GET "assets/config.json"');
+      expect(page.configSpan.getText()).toContain('Heroes API URL is "api/heroes"');
+      expect(page.configSpan.getText()).toContain('Textfile URL is "assets/textfile.txt"');
+    });
+
+    it('can fetch the configuration JSON file with headers', () => {
+      page.configGetResponseButton.click();
+      checkLogForMessage('GET "assets/config.json"');
+      expect(page.configSpan.getText()).toContain('Response headers:');
+      expect(page.configSpan.getText()).toContain('content-type: application/json; charset=UTF-8');
+    });
+
+    it('can clear the configuration log', () => {
+      page.configGetResponseButton.click();
+      expect(page.configSpan.getText()).toContain('Response headers:');
+      page.configClearButton.click();
+      expect(page.configSpan.isPresent()).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+
+    it('throws an error for a non valid url', () => {
+      page.configErrorButton.click();
+      checkLogForMessage('GET "not/a/real/url"');
+      expect(page.configErrorMessage.getText()).toContain('"Something bad happened; please try again later."');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Download', () => {
+    it('can download a txt file and show it', () => {
+      page.downloadButton.click();
+      checkLogForMessage('DownloaderService downloaded "assets/textfile.txt"');
+      checkLogForMessage('GET "assets/textfile.txt"');
+      expect(page.downloadMessage.getText()).toContain('Contents: "This is the downloaded text file "');
+    });
+
+    it('can clear the log of the download', () => {
+      page.downloadButton.click();
+      expect(page.downloadMessage.getText()).toContain('Contents: "This is the downloaded text file "');
+      page.downloadClearButton.click();
+      expect(page.downloadMessage.isPresent()).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Upload', () => {
+    it('can upload a file', () => {
+      const filename = 'app.po.ts';
+      const url = resolve(__dirname, filename);
+      page.uploadInput.sendKeys(url);
+      checkLogForMessage('POST "/upload/file" succeeded in');
+      expect(page.uploadMessage.getText()).toContain(
+        `File "${filename}" was completely uploaded!`);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('PackageSearch', () => {
+    it('can search for npm package and find in cache', () => {
+      const packageName = 'angular';
+      page.searchInput.sendKeys(packageName);
+      checkLogForMessage(
+        'Caching response from "https://npmsearch.com/query?q=angular"');
+      expect(page.searchListItems.count()).toBeGreaterThan(1, 'angular items');
+
+      page.searchInput.clear();
+      page.searchInput.sendKeys(' ');
+      expect(page.searchListItems.count()).toBe(0, 'search empty');
+
+      page.searchInput.clear();
+      page.searchInput.sendKeys(packageName);
+      checkLogForMessage(
+        'Found cached response for "https://npmsearch.com/query?q=angular"');
+    });
+  });
+});

aio/content/examples/http/example-config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "projectType": "testing"
+}

aio/content/examples/http/specs.stackblitz.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "description": "Http Guide Testing",
+  "files":[
+    "src/app/heroes/heroes.service.ts",
+    "src/app/heroes/heroes.service.spec.ts",
+
+    "src/app/http-error-handler.service.ts",
+    "src/app/message.service.ts",
+    "src/testing/*.ts",
+
+    "src/styles.css",
+    "src/test.css",
+    "src/main-specs.ts",
+    "src/index-specs.html"
+  ],
+  "main": "src/index-specs.html",
+  "tags": ["http", "testing"]
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/app.component.html

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<h1>HTTP Sample</h1>
+<div>
+  <input type="checkbox" id="heroes" [checked]="toggleHeroes" (click)="toggleHeroes()">
+  <label for="heroes">Heroes</label>
+
+  <input type="checkbox" id="config" [checked]="showConfig" (click)="toggleConfig()">
+  <label for="config">Config</label>
+
+  <input type="checkbox" id="downloader" [checked]="showDownloader" (click)="toggleDownloader()">
+  <label for="downloader">Downloader</label>
+
+  <input type="checkbox" id="uploader" [checked]="showUploader" (click)="toggleUploader()">
+  <label for="uploader">Uploader</label>
+
+  <input type="checkbox" id="search" [checked]="showSearch" (click)="toggleSearch()">
+  <label for="search">Search</label>
+</div>
+
+<app-heroes *ngIf="showHeroes"></app-heroes>
+<app-messages></app-messages>
+<app-config *ngIf="showConfig"></app-config>
+<app-downloader *ngIf="showDownloader"></app-downloader>
+<app-uploader *ngIf="showUploader"></app-uploader>
+<app-package-search *ngIf="showSearch"></app-package-search>

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/app.component.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,19 @@
-// #docregion
-import { Component }         from '@angular/core';
+import { Component } from '@angular/core';
 
 @Component({
-  selector: 'my-app',
-  template: `
-    <hero-list></hero-list>
-    <hero-list-promise></hero-list-promise>
-    <my-wiki></my-wiki>
-    <my-wiki-smart></my-wiki-smart>
-  `
+  selector: 'app-root',
+  templateUrl: './app.component.html'
 })
-export class AppComponent { }
+export class AppComponent {
+  showHeroes = true;
+  showConfig = true;
+  showDownloader = true;
+  showUploader = true;
+  showSearch = true;
+
+  toggleHeroes() { this.showHeroes = !this.showHeroes; }
+  toggleConfig() { this.showConfig = !this.showConfig; }
+  toggleDownloader() { this.showDownloader = !this.showDownloader; }
+  toggleUploader() { this.showUploader = !this.showUploader; }
+  toggleSearch() { this.showSearch = !this.showSearch; }
+ }

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/app.module.1.ts

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-// #docregion
-import { NgModule }      from '@angular/core';
-import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
-import { FormsModule }   from '@angular/forms';
-import { HttpModule, JsonpModule } from '@angular/http';
-
-import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
-
-@NgModule({
-  imports: [
-    BrowserModule,
-    FormsModule,
-    HttpModule,
-    JsonpModule
-  ],
-  declarations: [ AppComponent ],
-  bootstrap:    [ AppComponent ]
-})
-export class AppModule {
-}
-
-
-

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/app.module.ts

@@ -1,46 +1,89 @@
 // #docplaster
-// #docregion
-import { NgModule }      from '@angular/core';
-import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
-import { FormsModule }   from '@angular/forms';
-import { HttpModule, JsonpModule } from '@angular/http';
+// #docregion sketch
+import { NgModule }         from '@angular/core';
+import { BrowserModule }    from '@angular/platform-browser';
+// #enddocregion sketch
+import { FormsModule }      from '@angular/forms';
+// #docregion sketch
+import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
+// #enddocregion sketch
+import { HttpClientXsrfModule } from '@angular/common/http';
 
+import { HttpClientInMemoryWebApiModule } from 'angular-in-memory-web-api';
+import { InMemoryDataService }  from './in-memory-data.service';
 
-import { InMemoryWebApiModule }     from 'angular-in-memory-web-api';
-import { HeroData }                 from './hero-data';
-import { requestOptionsProvider }   from './default-request-options.service';
+import { RequestCache, RequestCacheWithMap } from './request-cache.service';
 
-import { AppComponent }             from './app.component';
+import { AppComponent }         from './app.component';
+import { AuthService }          from './auth.service';
+import { ConfigComponent }      from './config/config.component';
+import { DownloaderComponent }  from './downloader/downloader.component';
+import { HeroesComponent }      from './heroes/heroes.component';
+import { HttpErrorHandler }     from './http-error-handler.service';
+import { MessageService }       from './message.service';
+import { MessagesComponent }    from './messages/messages.component';
+import { PackageSearchComponent } from './package-search/package-search.component';
+import { UploaderComponent }    from './uploader/uploader.component';
 
-import { HeroListComponent }        from './toh/hero-list.component';
-import { HeroListPromiseComponent } from './toh/hero-list.component.promise';
-
-import { WikiComponent }      from './wiki/wiki.component';
-import { WikiSmartComponent } from './wiki/wiki-smart.component';
+import { httpInterceptorProviders } from './http-interceptors/index';
+// #docregion sketch
 
 @NgModule({
+// #docregion xsrf
   imports: [
+// #enddocregion xsrf
     BrowserModule,
+// #enddocregion sketch
     FormsModule,
-    HttpModule,
-    JsonpModule,
-    // #docregion in-mem-web-api
-    InMemoryWebApiModule.forRoot(HeroData)
-    // #enddocregion in-mem-web-api
+// #docregion sketch
+    // import HttpClientModule after BrowserModule.
+// #docregion xsrf
+    HttpClientModule,
+// #enddocregion sketch
+    HttpClientXsrfModule.withOptions({
+      cookieName: 'My-Xsrf-Cookie',
+      headerName: 'My-Xsrf-Header',
+    }),
+// #enddocregion xsrf
+
+    // The HttpClientInMemoryWebApiModule module intercepts HTTP requests
+    // and returns simulated server responses.
+    // Remove it when a real server is ready to receive requests.
+    HttpClientInMemoryWebApiModule.forRoot(
+      InMemoryDataService, {
+        dataEncapsulation: false,
+        passThruUnknownUrl: true,
+        put204: false // return entity after PUT/update
+      }
+    )
+// #docregion sketch, xsrf
   ],
+// #enddocregion xsrf
   declarations: [
     AppComponent,
-    HeroListComponent,
-    HeroListPromiseComponent,
-    WikiComponent,
-    WikiSmartComponent
+// #enddocregion sketch
+    ConfigComponent,
+    DownloaderComponent,
+    HeroesComponent,
+    MessagesComponent,
+    UploaderComponent,
+    PackageSearchComponent,
+// #docregion sketch
   ],
-// #docregion provide-default-request-options
-  providers: [ requestOptionsProvider ],
-// #enddocregion provide-default-request-options
+// #enddocregion sketch
+// #docregion interceptor-providers
+  providers: [
+    // #enddocregion interceptor-providers
+    AuthService,
+    HttpErrorHandler,
+    MessageService,
+    { provide: RequestCache, useClass: RequestCacheWithMap },
+    // #docregion interceptor-providers
+    httpInterceptorProviders
+  ],
+// #enddocregion interceptor-providers
+// #docregion sketch
   bootstrap: [ AppComponent ]
 })
 export class AppModule {}
-
-
-
+// #enddocregion sketch

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/auth.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+
+/** Mock client-side authentication/authorization service */
+@Injectable()
+export class AuthService {
+  getAuthorizationToken() {
+    return 'some-auth-token';
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/config/config.component.html

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<h3>Get configuration from JSON file</h3>
+<div>
+  <button (click)="clear(); showConfig()">get</button>
+  <button (click)="clear(); showConfigResponse()">getResponse</button>
+  <button (click)="clear()">clear</button>
+  <button (click)="clear(); makeError()">error</button>
+  <span *ngIf="config">
+    <p>Heroes API URL is "{{config.heroesUrl}}"</p>
+    <p>Textfile URL is "{{config.textfile}}"</p>
+    <div *ngIf="headers">
+      Response headers:
+      <ul>
+        <li *ngFor="let header of headers">{{header}}</li>
+      </ul>
+    </div>
+  </span>
+</div>
+<p *ngIf="error" class="error">{{error | json}}</p>

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/config/config.component.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// #docplaster
+// #docregion
+import { Component } from '@angular/core';
+import { Config, ConfigService } from './config.service';
+import { MessageService } from '../message.service';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-config',
+  templateUrl: './config.component.html',
+  providers: [ ConfigService ],
+  styles: ['.error {color: red;}']
+})
+export class ConfigComponent {
+  error: any;
+  headers: string[];
+  // #docregion v2
+  config: Config;
+
+  // #enddocregion v2
+  constructor(private configService: ConfigService) {}
+
+  clear() {
+    this.config = undefined;
+    this.error = undefined;
+    this.headers = undefined;
+  }
+
+  // #docregion v1, v2, v3
+  showConfig() {
+    this.configService.getConfig()
+  // #enddocregion v1, v2
+      .subscribe(
+        data => this.config = { ...data }, // success path
+        error => this.error = error // error path
+      );
+  }
+  // #enddocregion v3
+
+  showConfig_v1() {
+    this.configService.getConfig_1()
+  // #docregion v1, v1_callback
+      .subscribe(data => this.config = {
+          heroesUrl: data['heroesUrl'],
+          textfile:  data['textfile']
+      });
+  // #enddocregion v1_callback
+  }
+  // #enddocregion v1
+
+  showConfig_v2() {
+    this.configService.getConfig()
+  // #docregion v2, v2_callback
+      // clone the data object, using its known Config shape
+      .subscribe(data => this.config = { ...data });
+  // #enddocregion v2_callback
+  }
+  // #enddocregion v2
+
+// #docregion showConfigResponse
+  showConfigResponse() {
+    this.configService.getConfigResponse()
+      // resp is of type `HttpResponse<Config>`
+      .subscribe(resp => {
+        // display its headers
+        const keys = resp.headers.keys();
+        this.headers = keys.map(key =>
+          `${key}: ${resp.headers.get(key)}`);
+
+        // access the body directly, which is typed as `Config`.
+        this.config = { ... resp.body };
+      });
+  }
+// #enddocregion showConfigResponse
+  makeError() {
+    this.configService.makeIntentionalError().subscribe(null, error => this.error = error );
+  }
+}
+// #enddocregion

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/config/config.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// #docplaster
+// #docregion , proto
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
+// #enddocregion proto
+import { HttpErrorResponse, HttpResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+// #docregion rxjs-imports
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+import { ErrorObservable } from 'rxjs/observable/ErrorObservable';
+import { catchError, retry } from 'rxjs/operators';
+// #enddocregion rxjs-imports
+
+// #docregion config-interface
+export interface Config {
+  heroesUrl: string;
+  textfile: string;
+}
+// #enddocregion config-interface
+// #docregion proto
+
+@Injectable()
+export class ConfigService {
+  // #enddocregion proto
+  // #docregion getConfig_1
+  configUrl = 'assets/config.json';
+
+  // #enddocregion getConfig_1
+  // #docregion proto
+  constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }
+  // #enddocregion proto
+
+  // #docregion getConfig, getConfig_1, getConfig_2, getConfig_3
+  getConfig() {
+  // #enddocregion getConfig_1, getConfig_2, getConfig_3
+    return this.http.get<Config>(this.configUrl)
+      .pipe(
+        retry(3), // retry a failed request up to 3 times
+        catchError(this.handleError) // then handle the error
+      );
+  }
+  // #enddocregion getConfig
+
+  getConfig_1() {
+  // #docregion getConfig_1
+    return this.http.get(this.configUrl);
+  }
+  // #enddocregion getConfig_1
+
+  getConfig_2() {
+    // #docregion getConfig_2
+    // now returns an Observable of Config
+    return this.http.get<Config>(this.configUrl);
+  }
+  // #enddocregion getConfig_2
+
+  getConfig_3() {
+    // #docregion getConfig_3
+    return this.http.get<Config>(this.configUrl)
+      .pipe(
+        catchError(this.handleError)
+      );
+  }
+  // #enddocregion getConfig_3
+
+  // #docregion getConfigResponse
+  getConfigResponse(): Observable<HttpResponse<Config>> {
+    return this.http.get<Config>(
+      this.configUrl, { observe: 'response' });
+  }
+  // #enddocregion getConfigResponse
+
+  // #docregion handleError
+  private handleError(error: HttpErrorResponse) {
+    if (error.error instanceof ErrorEvent) {
+      // A client-side or network error occurred. Handle it accordingly.
+      console.error('An error occurred:', error.error.message);
+    } else {
+      // The backend returned an unsuccessful response code.
+      // The response body may contain clues as to what went wrong,
+      console.error(
+        `Backend returned code ${error.status}, ` +
+        `body was: ${error.error}`);
+    }
+    // return an ErrorObservable with a user-facing error message
+    return new ErrorObservable(
+      'Something bad happened; please try again later.');
+  };
+  // #enddocregion handleError
+
+  makeIntentionalError() {
+    return this.http.get('not/a/real/url')
+      .pipe(
+        catchError(this.handleError)
+      );
+  }
+
+// #docregion proto
+}
+// #enddocregion proto

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/default-request-options.service.ts

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-// #docregion
-import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
-import { BaseRequestOptions, RequestOptions } from '@angular/http';
-
-@Injectable()
-export class DefaultRequestOptions extends BaseRequestOptions {
-
-  constructor() {
-    super();
-
-    // Set the default 'Content-Type' header
-    this.headers.set('Content-Type', 'application/json');
-  }
-}
-
-export const requestOptionsProvider = { provide: RequestOptions, useClass: DefaultRequestOptions };

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/downloader/downloader.component.html

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<h3>Download the textfile</h3>
+<button (click)="download()">Download</button>
+<button (click)="clear()">clear</button>
+<p *ngIf="contents">Contents: "{{contents}}"</p>

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/downloader/downloader.component.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { Component } from '@angular/core';
+import { DownloaderService } from './downloader.service';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-downloader',
+  templateUrl: './downloader.component.html',
+  providers: [ DownloaderService ]
+})
+export class DownloaderComponent {
+  contents: string;
+  constructor(private downloaderService: DownloaderService) {}
+
+  clear() {
+    this.contents = undefined;
+  }
+
+  // #docregion download
+  download() {
+    this.downloaderService.getTextFile('assets/textfile.txt')
+      .subscribe(results => this.contents = results);
+  }
+  // #enddocregion download
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/downloader/downloader.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { tap } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+import { MessageService } from '../message.service';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class DownloaderService {
+  constructor(
+    private http: HttpClient,
+    private messageService: MessageService) { }
+
+  // #docregion getTextFile
+  getTextFile(filename: string) {
+    // The Observable returned by get() is of type Observable<string>
+    // because a text response was specified.
+    // There's no need to pass a <string> type parameter to get().
+    return this.http.get(filename, {responseType: 'text'})
+      .pipe(
+        tap( // Log the result or error
+          data => this.log(filename, data),
+          error => this.logError(filename, error)
+        )
+      );
+  }
+  // #enddocregion getTextFile
+
+  private log(filename: string, data: string) {
+    const message = `DownloaderService downloaded "${filename}" and got "${data}".`;
+    this.messageService.add(message);
+  }
+
+  private logError(filename: string, error: any) {
+    const message = `DownloaderService failed to download "${filename}"; got error "${error.message}".`;
+    console.error(message);
+    this.messageService.add(message);
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/hero-data.ts

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-// #docregion
-import { InMemoryDbService } from 'angular-in-memory-web-api';
-export class HeroData implements InMemoryDbService {
-  createDb() {
-    let heroes = [
-      { id: 1, name: 'Windstorm' },
-      { id: 2, name: 'Bombasto' },
-      { id: 3, name: 'Magneta' },
-      { id: 4, name: 'Tornado' }
-    ];
-    return {heroes};
-  }
-}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/heroes.json

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "data": [
-    { "id": 1, "name": "Windstorm" },
-    { "id": 2, "name": "Bombasto" },
-    { "id": 3, "name": "Magneta" },
-    { "id": 4, "name": "Tornado" }
-  ]
-}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/heroes/hero.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+export interface Hero {
+  id: number;
+  name: string;
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.css

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/* HeroesComponent's private CSS styles */
+.heroes {
+  margin: 0 0 2em 0;
+  list-style-type: none;
+  padding: 0;
+  width: 15em;
+}
+.heroes li {
+  position: relative;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  background-color: #EEE;
+  margin: .5em;
+  padding: .3em 0;
+  height: 1.6em;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  width: 19em;
+}
+
+.heroes li:hover {
+  color: #607D8B;
+  background-color: #DDD;
+  left: .1em;
+}
+
+.heroes a {
+  color: #888;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  position: relative;
+  display: block;
+  width: 250px;
+}
+
+.heroes a:hover {
+  color:#607D8B;
+}
+
+.heroes .badge {
+  display: inline-block;
+  font-size: small;
+  color: white;
+  padding: 0.8em 0.7em 0 0.7em;
+  background-color: #607D8B;
+  line-height: 1em;
+  position: relative;
+  left: -1px;
+  top: -4px;
+  height: 1.8em;
+  min-width: 16px;
+  text-align: right;
+  margin-right: .8em;
+  border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
+}
+
+.button {
+  background-color: #eee;
+  border: none;
+  padding: 5px 10px;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  cursor: hand;
+  font-family: Arial;
+}
+
+button:hover {
+  background-color: #cfd8dc;
+}
+
+button.delete {
+  position: relative;
+  left: 24em;
+  top: -32px;
+  background-color: gray !important;
+  color: white;
+  display: inherit;
+  padding: 5px 8px;
+  width: 2em;
+}
+
+input {
+  font-size: 100%;
+  margin-bottom: 2px;
+  width: 11em;
+}
+
+.heroes input {
+  position: relative;
+  top: -3px;
+  width: 12em;
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.html

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<h3>Heroes</h3>
+<!-- #docregion add -->
+<div>
+  <label>Hero name:
+    <input #heroName />
+  </label>
+  <!-- (click) passes input value to add() and then clears the input -->
+  <button (click)="add(heroName.value); heroName.value=''">
+    add
+  </button>
+  <button (click)="search(heroName.value)">
+    search
+  </button>
+</div>
+<!-- #enddocregion add -->
+
+<!-- #docregion list -->
+<ul class="heroes">
+  <li *ngFor="let hero of heroes">
+    <a (click)="edit(hero)">
+      <span class="badge">{{ hero.id || -1 }}</span>
+      <span *ngIf="hero!==editHero">{{hero.name}}</span>
+      <input *ngIf="hero===editHero" [(ngModel)]="hero.name"
+        (blur)="update()" (keyup.enter)="update()">
+    </a>
+    <!-- #docregion delete -->
+    <button class="delete" title="delete hero"
+    (click)="delete(hero)">x</button>
+    <!-- #enddocregion delete -->
+  </li>
+</ul>
+<!-- #enddocregion list -->

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
+
+import { Hero } from './hero';
+import { HeroesService } from './heroes.service';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-heroes',
+  templateUrl: './heroes.component.html',
+  providers: [ HeroesService ],
+  styleUrls: ['./heroes.component.css']
+})
+export class HeroesComponent implements OnInit {
+  heroes: Hero[];
+  editHero: Hero; // the hero currently being edited
+
+  constructor(private heroesService: HeroesService) { }
+
+  ngOnInit() {
+    this.getHeroes();
+  }
+
+  getHeroes(): void {
+    this.heroesService.getHeroes()
+      .subscribe(heroes => this.heroes = heroes);
+  }
+
+  add(name: string): void {
+    this.editHero = undefined;
+    name = name.trim();
+    if (!name) { return; }
+
+    // The server will generate the id for this new hero
+    const newHero: Hero = { name } as Hero;
+    // #docregion add-hero-subscribe
+    this.heroesService.addHero(newHero)
+      .subscribe(hero => this.heroes.push(hero));
+    // #enddocregion add-hero-subscribe
+  }
+
+  delete(hero: Hero): void {
+    this.heroes = this.heroes.filter(h => h !== hero);
+    // #docregion delete-hero-subscribe
+    this.heroesService.deleteHero(hero.id).subscribe();
+    // #enddocregion delete-hero-subscribe
+    /*
+    // #docregion delete-hero-no-subscribe
+    // oops ... subscribe() is missing so nothing happens
+    this.heroesService.deleteHero(hero.id);
+    // #enddocregion delete-hero-no-subscribe
+    */
+  }
+
+  edit(hero) {
+    this.editHero = hero;
+  }
+
+  search(searchTerm: string) {
+    this.editHero = undefined;
+    if (searchTerm) {
+      this.heroesService.searchHeroes(searchTerm)
+        .subscribe(heroes => this.heroes = heroes);
+    }
+  }
+
+  update() {
+    if (this.editHero) {
+      this.heroesService.updateHero(this.editHero)
+        .subscribe(hero => {
+          // replace the hero in the heroes list with update from server
+          const ix = hero ? this.heroes.findIndex(h => h.id === hero.id) : -1;
+          if (ix > -1) { this.heroes[ix] = hero; }
+        });
+      this.editHero = undefined;
+    }
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/heroes/heroes.service.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+import { HttpClientTestingModule, HttpTestingController } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
+
+// Other imports
+import { TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
+import { HttpClient, HttpResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Hero } from './hero';
+import { HeroesService } from './heroes.service';
+import { HttpErrorHandler } from '../http-error-handler.service';
+import { MessageService } from '../message.service';
+
+describe('HeroesService', () => {
+  let httpClient: HttpClient;
+  let httpTestingController: HttpTestingController;
+  let heroService: HeroesService;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
+      // Import the HttpClient mocking services
+      imports: [ HttpClientTestingModule ],
+      // Provide the service-under-test and its dependencies
+      providers: [
+        HeroesService,
+        HttpErrorHandler,
+        MessageService
+      ]
+    });
+
+    // Inject the http, test controller, and service-under-test
+    // as they will be referenced by each test.
+    httpClient = TestBed.get(HttpClient);
+    httpTestingController = TestBed.get(HttpTestingController);
+    heroService = TestBed.get(HeroesService);
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    // After every test, assert that there are no more pending requests.
+    httpTestingController.verify();
+  });
+
+  /// HeroService method tests begin ///
+
+  describe('#getHeroes', () => {
+    let expectedHeroes: Hero[];
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      heroService = TestBed.get(HeroesService);
+      expectedHeroes = [
+        { id: 1, name: 'A' },
+        { id: 2, name: 'B' },
+       ] as Hero[];
+    });
+
+    it('should return expected heroes (called once)', () => {
+
+      heroService.getHeroes().subscribe(
+        heroes => expect(heroes).toEqual(expectedHeroes, 'should return expected heroes'),
+        fail
+      );
+
+      // HeroService should have made one request to GET heroes from expected URL
+      const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(heroService.heroesUrl);
+      expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET');
+
+      // Respond with the mock heroes
+      req.flush(expectedHeroes);
+    });
+
+    it('should be OK returning no heroes', () => {
+
+      heroService.getHeroes().subscribe(
+        heroes => expect(heroes.length).toEqual(0, 'should have empty heroes array'),
+        fail
+      );
+
+      const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(heroService.heroesUrl);
+      req.flush([]); // Respond with no heroes
+    });
+
+    // This service reports the error but finds a way to let the app keep going.
+    it('should turn 404 into an empty heroes result', () => {
+
+      heroService.getHeroes().subscribe(
+        heroes => expect(heroes.length).toEqual(0, 'should return empty heroes array'),
+        fail
+      );
+
+      const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(heroService.heroesUrl);
+
+      // respond with a 404 and the error message in the body
+      const msg = 'deliberate 404 error';
+      req.flush(msg, {status: 404, statusText: 'Not Found'});
+    });
+
+    it('should return expected heroes (called multiple times)', () => {
+
+      heroService.getHeroes().subscribe();
+      heroService.getHeroes().subscribe();
+      heroService.getHeroes().subscribe(
+        heroes => expect(heroes).toEqual(expectedHeroes, 'should return expected heroes'),
+        fail
+      );
+
+      const requests = httpTestingController.match(heroService.heroesUrl);
+      expect(requests.length).toEqual(3, 'calls to getHeroes()');
+
+      // Respond to each request with different mock hero results
+      requests[0].flush([]);
+      requests[1].flush([{id: 1, name: 'bob'}]);
+      requests[2].flush(expectedHeroes);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('#updateHero', () => {
+    // Expecting the query form of URL so should not 404 when id not found
+    const makeUrl = (id: number) => `${heroService.heroesUrl}/?id=${id}`;
+
+    it('should update a hero and return it', () => {
+
+      const updateHero: Hero = { id: 1, name: 'A' };
+
+      heroService.updateHero(updateHero).subscribe(
+        data => expect(data).toEqual(updateHero, 'should return the hero'),
+        fail
+      );
+
+      // HeroService should have made one request to PUT hero
+      const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(heroService.heroesUrl);
+      expect(req.request.method).toEqual('PUT');
+      expect(req.request.body).toEqual(updateHero);
+
+      // Expect server to return the hero after PUT
+      const expectedResponse = new HttpResponse(
+        { status: 200, statusText: 'OK', body: updateHero });
+      req.event(expectedResponse);
+    });
+
+    // This service reports the error but finds a way to let the app keep going.
+    it('should turn 404 error into return of the update hero', () => {
+      const updateHero: Hero = { id: 1, name: 'A' };
+
+      heroService.updateHero(updateHero).subscribe(
+        data => expect(data).toEqual(updateHero, 'should return the update hero'),
+        fail
+      );
+
+      const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(heroService.heroesUrl);
+
+      // respond with a 404 and the error message in the body
+      const msg = 'deliberate 404 error';
+      req.flush(msg, {status: 404, statusText: 'Not Found'});
+    });
+  });
+
+  // TODO: test other HeroService methods
+});

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/heroes/heroes.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// #docplaster
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import { HttpClient, HttpParams } from '@angular/common/http';
+// #docregion http-options
+import { HttpHeaders } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+// #enddocregion http-options
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+import { of } from 'rxjs/observable/of';
+import { catchError } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+import { Hero } from './hero';
+import { HttpErrorHandler, HandleError } from '../http-error-handler.service';
+
+// #docregion http-options
+const httpOptions = {
+  headers: new HttpHeaders({
+    'Content-Type':  'application/json',
+    'Authorization': 'my-auth-token'
+  })
+};
+// #enddocregion http-options
+
+@Injectable()
+export class HeroesService {
+  heroesUrl = 'api/heroes';  // URL to web api
+  private handleError: HandleError;
+
+  constructor(
+    private http: HttpClient,
+    httpErrorHandler: HttpErrorHandler) {
+    this.handleError = httpErrorHandler.createHandleError('HeroesService');
+  }
+
+  /** GET heroes from the server */
+  getHeroes (): Observable<Hero[]> {
+    return this.http.get<Hero[]>(this.heroesUrl)
+      .pipe(
+        catchError(this.handleError('getHeroes', []))
+      );
+  }
+
+    // #docregion searchHeroes
+  /* GET heroes whose name contains search term */
+  searchHeroes(term: string): Observable<Hero[]> {
+    term = term.trim();
+
+    // Add safe, URL encoded search parameter if there is a search term
+    const options = term ?
+     { params: new HttpParams().set('name', term) } : {};
+
+    return this.http.get<Hero[]>(this.heroesUrl, options)
+      .pipe(
+        catchError(this.handleError<Hero[]>('searchHeroes', []))
+      );
+  }
+  // #enddocregion searchHeroes
+
+  //////// Save methods //////////
+
+  // #docregion addHero
+  /** POST: add a new hero to the database */
+  addHero (hero: Hero): Observable<Hero> {
+    return this.http.post<Hero>(this.heroesUrl, hero, httpOptions)
+      .pipe(
+        catchError(this.handleError('addHero', hero))
+      );
+  }
+  // #enddocregion addHero
+
+  // #docregion deleteHero
+  /** DELETE: delete the hero from the server */
+  deleteHero (id: number): Observable<{}> {
+    const url = `${this.heroesUrl}/${id}`; // DELETE api/heroes/42
+    return this.http.delete(url, httpOptions)
+      .pipe(
+        catchError(this.handleError('deleteHero'))
+      );
+  }
+  // #enddocregion deleteHero
+
+  // #docregion updateHero
+  /** PUT: update the hero on the server. Returns the updated hero upon success. */
+  updateHero (hero: Hero): Observable<Hero> {
+    // #enddocregion updateHero
+    // #docregion update-headers
+    httpOptions.headers =
+      httpOptions.headers.set('Authorization', 'my-new-auth-token');
+    // #enddocregion update-headers
+
+    // #docregion updateHero
+    return this.http.put<Hero>(this.heroesUrl, hero, httpOptions)
+      .pipe(
+        catchError(this.handleError('updateHero', hero))
+      );
+  }
+  // #enddocregion updateHero
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-error-handler.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import { HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+import { of } from 'rxjs/observable/of';
+
+import { MessageService } from './message.service';
+
+/** Type of the handleError function returned by HttpErrorHandler.createHandleError */
+export type HandleError =
+  <T> (operation?: string, result?: T) => (error: HttpErrorResponse) => Observable<T>;
+
+/** Handles HttpClient errors */
+@Injectable()
+export class HttpErrorHandler {
+  constructor(private messageService: MessageService) { }
+
+  /** Create curried handleError function that already knows the service name */
+  createHandleError = (serviceName = '') => <T>
+    (operation = 'operation', result = {} as T) => this.handleError(serviceName, operation, result);
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a function that handles Http operation failures.
+   * This error handler lets the app continue to run as if no error occurred.
+   * @param serviceName = name of the data service that attempted the operation
+   * @param operation - name of the operation that failed
+   * @param result - optional value to return as the observable result
+   */
+  handleError<T> (serviceName = '', operation = 'operation', result = {} as T) {
+
+    return (error: HttpErrorResponse): Observable<T> => {
+      // TODO: send the error to remote logging infrastructure
+      console.error(error); // log to console instead
+
+      const message = (error.error instanceof ErrorEvent) ?
+        error.error.message :
+       `server returned code ${error.status} with body "${error.error}"`;
+
+      // TODO: better job of transforming error for user consumption
+      this.messageService.add(`${serviceName}: ${operation} failed: ${message}`);
+
+      // Let the app keep running by returning a safe result.
+      return of( result );
+    };
+
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-interceptors/auth-interceptor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// #docplaster
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import {
+  HttpEvent, HttpInterceptor, HttpHandler, HttpRequest
+} from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+
+// #docregion
+import { AuthService } from '../auth.service';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class AuthInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
+
+  constructor(private auth: AuthService) {}
+
+  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler) {
+    // Get the auth token from the service.
+    const authToken = this.auth.getAuthorizationToken();
+
+    // #enddocregion
+    /*
+    * The verbose way:
+    // #docregion
+    // Clone the request and replace the original headers with
+    // cloned headers, updated with the authorization.
+    const authReq = req.clone({
+      headers: req.headers.set('Authorization', authToken)
+    });
+    // #enddocregion
+    */
+    // #docregion set-header-shortcut
+    // Clone the request and set the new header in one step.
+    const authReq = req.clone({ setHeaders: { Authorization: authToken } });
+    // #enddocregion set-header-shortcut
+    // #docregion
+
+    // send cloned request with header to the next handler.
+    return next.handle(authReq);
+  }
+}
+// #enddocregion

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-interceptors/caching-interceptor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+// #docplaster
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import {
+  HttpEvent, HttpHeaders, HttpRequest, HttpResponse,
+  HttpInterceptor, HttpHandler
+} from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+import { of } from 'rxjs/observable/of';
+import { startWith, tap } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+import { RequestCache } from '../request-cache.service';
+import { searchUrl } from '../package-search/package-search.service';
+
+
+/**
+ * If request is cachable (e.g., package search) and
+ * response is in cache return the cached response as observable.
+ * If has 'x-refresh' header that is true,
+ * then also re-run the package search, using response from next(),
+ * returning an observable that emits the cached response first.
+ *
+ * If not in cache or not cachable,
+ * pass request through to next()
+ */
+// #docregion v1
+@Injectable()
+export class CachingInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
+  constructor(private cache: RequestCache) {}
+
+  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler) {
+    // continue if not cachable.
+    if (!isCachable(req)) { return next.handle(req); }
+
+    const cachedResponse = this.cache.get(req);
+    // #enddocregion v1
+    // #docregion intercept-refresh
+    // cache-then-refresh
+    if (req.headers.get('x-refresh')) {
+      const results$ = sendRequest(req, next, this.cache);
+      return cachedResponse ?
+        results$.pipe( startWith(cachedResponse) ) :
+        results$;
+    }
+    // cache-or-fetch
+    // #docregion v1
+    return cachedResponse ?
+      of(cachedResponse) : sendRequest(req, next, this.cache);
+    // #enddocregion intercept-refresh
+  }
+}
+// #enddocregion v1
+
+
+/** Is this request cachable? */
+function isCachable(req: HttpRequest<any>) {
+  // Only GET requests are cachable
+  return req.method === 'GET' &&
+    // Only npm package search is cachable in this app
+    -1 < req.url.indexOf(searchUrl);
+}
+
+// #docregion send-request
+/**
+ * Get server response observable by sending request to `next()`.
+ * Will add the response to the cache on the way out.
+ */
+function sendRequest(
+  req: HttpRequest<any>,
+  next: HttpHandler,
+  cache: RequestCache): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
+
+  // No headers allowed in npm search request
+  const noHeaderReq = req.clone({ headers: new HttpHeaders() });
+
+  return next.handle(noHeaderReq).pipe(
+    tap(event => {
+      // There may be other events besides the response.
+      if (event instanceof HttpResponse) {
+        cache.put(req, event); // Update the cache.
+      }
+    })
+  );
+}
+// #enddocregion send-request
+

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-interceptors/ensure-https-interceptor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import {
+  HttpEvent, HttpInterceptor, HttpHandler, HttpRequest
+} from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class EnsureHttpsInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
+  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
+    // #docregion excerpt
+    // clone request and replace 'http://' with 'https://' at the same time
+    const secureReq = req.clone({
+      url: req.url.replace('http://', 'https://')
+    });
+    // send the cloned, "secure" request to the next handler.
+    return next.handle(secureReq);
+    // #enddocregion excerpt
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-interceptors/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// #docplaster
+// #docregion interceptor-providers
+/* "Barrel" of Http Interceptors */
+import { HTTP_INTERCEPTORS } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+// #enddocregion interceptor-providers
+import { AuthInterceptor } from './auth-interceptor';
+import { CachingInterceptor } from './caching-interceptor';
+import { EnsureHttpsInterceptor } from './ensure-https-interceptor';
+import { LoggingInterceptor } from './logging-interceptor';
+// #docregion interceptor-providers
+import { NoopInterceptor } from './noop-interceptor';
+// #enddocregion interceptor-providers
+import { TrimNameInterceptor } from './trim-name-interceptor';
+import { UploadInterceptor } from './upload-interceptor';
+
+// #docregion interceptor-providers
+
+/** Http interceptor providers in outside-in order */
+export const httpInterceptorProviders = [
+  // #docregion noop-provider
+  { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: NoopInterceptor, multi: true },
+  // #enddocregion noop-provider, interceptor-providers
+
+  { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: EnsureHttpsInterceptor, multi: true },
+  { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: TrimNameInterceptor, multi: true },
+  { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: AuthInterceptor, multi: true },
+  { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: LoggingInterceptor, multi: true },
+  { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: UploadInterceptor, multi: true },
+  { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: CachingInterceptor, multi: true },
+
+  // #docregion interceptor-providers
+];
+// #enddocregion interceptor-providers

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-interceptors/logging-interceptor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import {
+  HttpEvent, HttpInterceptor, HttpHandler,
+  HttpRequest, HttpResponse
+} from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+// #docregion excerpt
+import { finalize, tap } from 'rxjs/operators';
+import { MessageService } from '../message.service';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class LoggingInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
+  constructor(private messenger: MessageService) {}
+
+  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler) {
+    const started = Date.now();
+    let ok: string;
+
+    // extend server response observable with logging
+    return next.handle(req)
+      .pipe(
+        tap(
+          // Succeeds when there is a response; ignore other events
+          event => ok = event instanceof HttpResponse ? 'succeeded' : '',
+          // Operation failed; error is an HttpErrorResponse
+          error => ok = 'failed'
+        ),
+        // Log when response observable either completes or errors
+        finalize(() => {
+          const elapsed = Date.now() - started;
+          const msg = `${req.method} "${req.urlWithParams}"
+             ${ok} in ${elapsed} ms.`;
+          this.messenger.add(msg);
+        })
+      );
+  }
+}
+// #enddocregion excerpt

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-interceptors/noop-interceptor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import {
+  HttpEvent, HttpInterceptor, HttpHandler, HttpRequest
+} from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+
+/** Pass untouched request through to the next request handler. */
+@Injectable()
+export class NoopInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
+
+  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler):
+    Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
+    return next.handle(req);
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-interceptors/trim-name-interceptor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import {
+  HttpEvent, HttpInterceptor, HttpHandler, HttpRequest
+} from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class TrimNameInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
+  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
+    const body = req.body;
+    if (!body || !body.name ) {
+      return next.handle(req);
+    }
+    // #docregion excerpt
+    // copy the body and trim whitespace from the name property
+    const newBody = { ...body, name: body.name.trim() };
+    // clone request and set its body
+    const newReq = req.clone({ body: newBody });
+    // send the cloned request to the next handler.
+    return next.handle(newReq);
+    // #enddocregion excerpt
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/http-interceptors/upload-interceptor.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import {
+  HttpEvent, HttpInterceptor, HttpHandler,
+  HttpRequest, HttpResponse,
+  HttpEventType, HttpProgressEvent
+} from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+import { of } from 'rxjs/observable/of';
+
+/** Simulate server replying to file upload request */
+@Injectable()
+export class UploadInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
+  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
+    if (req.url.indexOf('/upload/file') === -1) {
+      return next.handle(req);
+    }
+    const delay = 300; // Todo: inject delay?
+    return createUploadEvents(delay);
+  }
+}
+
+/** Create simulation of upload event stream */
+function createUploadEvents(delay: number) {
+  // Simulate XHR behavior which would provide this information in a ProgressEvent
+  const chunks = 5;
+  const total = 12345678;
+  const chunkSize = Math.ceil(total / chunks);
+
+  return new Observable<HttpEvent<any>>(observer => {
+    // notify the event stream that the request was sent.
+    observer.next({type: HttpEventType.Sent});
+
+    uploadLoop(0);
+
+    function uploadLoop(loaded: number) {
+      // N.B.: Cannot use setInterval or rxjs delay (which uses setInterval)
+      // because e2e test won't complete. A zone thing?
+      // Use setTimeout and tail recursion instead.
+        setTimeout(() => {
+          loaded += chunkSize;
+
+          if (loaded >= total) {
+            const doneResponse = new HttpResponse({
+              status: 201, // OK but no body;
+            });
+            observer.next(doneResponse);
+            observer.complete();
+            return;
+          }
+
+          const progressEvent: HttpProgressEvent = {
+            type: HttpEventType.UploadProgress,
+            loaded,
+            total
+          };
+          observer.next(progressEvent);
+          uploadLoop(loaded);
+        }, delay);
+    }
+  });
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/in-memory-data.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { InMemoryDbService } from 'angular-in-memory-web-api';
+
+export class InMemoryDataService implements InMemoryDbService {
+  createDb() {
+    const heroes = [
+      { id: 11, name: 'Mr. Nice' },
+      { id: 12, name: 'Narco' },
+      { id: 13, name: 'Bombasto' },
+      { id: 14, name: 'Celeritas' },
+    ];
+    return {heroes};
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/message.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class MessageService {
+  messages: string[] = [];
+
+  add(message: string) {
+    this.messages.push(message);
+  }
+
+  clear() {
+    this.messages = [];
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/messages/messages.component.html

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<div *ngIf="messageService.messages.length">
+  <h3>Messages</h3>
+  <button class="clear" (click)="messageService.clear()">clear</button>
+  <br>
+  <ol>
+    <li *ngFor='let message of messageService.messages'> {{message}} </li>
+  </ol>
+</div>

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/messages/messages.component.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import { Component } from '@angular/core';
+import { MessageService } from '../message.service';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-messages',
+  templateUrl: './messages.component.html'
+})
+export class MessagesComponent {
+  constructor(public messageService: MessageService) {}
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/package-search/package-search.component.html

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<!-- #docplaster -->
+<h3>Search Npm Packages</h3>
+<p><i>Searches when typing stops. Caches for 30 seconds.</i></p>
+<!-- #docregion search -->
+<input (keyup)="search($event.target.value)" id="name" placeholder="Search"/>
+<!-- #enddocregion search -->
+<input type="checkbox" id="refresh" [checked]="withRefresh" (click)="toggleRefresh()">
+<label for="refresh">with refresh</label>
+<!-- #docregion search -->
+
+<ul>
+  <li *ngFor="let package of packages$ | async">
+    <b>{{package.name}} v.{{package.version}}</b> -
+    <i>{{package.description}}</i>
+  </li>
+</ul>
+<!-- #enddocregion search -->

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/package-search/package-search.component.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+import { Subject } from 'rxjs/Subject';
+import { debounceTime, distinctUntilChanged, switchMap } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+import { NpmPackageInfo, PackageSearchService } from './package-search.service';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-package-search',
+  templateUrl: './package-search.component.html',
+  providers: [ PackageSearchService ]
+})
+export class PackageSearchComponent implements OnInit {
+  // #docregion debounce
+  withRefresh = false;
+  packages$: Observable<NpmPackageInfo[]>;
+  private searchText$ = new Subject<string>();
+
+  search(packageName: string) {
+    this.searchText$.next(packageName);
+  }
+
+  ngOnInit() {
+    this.packages$ = this.searchText$.pipe(
+      debounceTime(500),
+      distinctUntilChanged(),
+      switchMap(packageName =>
+        this.searchService.search(packageName, this.withRefresh))
+    );
+  }
+
+  constructor(private searchService: PackageSearchService) { }
+
+  // #enddocregion debounce
+
+  toggleRefresh() { this.withRefresh = ! this.withRefresh; }
+
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/package-search/package-search.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import { HttpClient, HttpHeaders, HttpParams } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+import { of } from 'rxjs/observable/of';
+import { catchError, map } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+import { HttpErrorHandler, HandleError } from '../http-error-handler.service';
+
+export interface NpmPackageInfo {
+  name: string;
+  version: string;
+  description: string;
+}
+
+export const searchUrl = 'https://npmsearch.com/query';
+
+const httpOptions = {
+  headers: new HttpHeaders({
+    'x-refresh':  'true'
+  })
+};
+
+function createHttpOptions(packageName: string, refresh = false) {
+    // npm package name search api
+    // e.g., http://npmsearch.com/query?q=dom'
+    const params = new HttpParams({ fromObject: { q: packageName } });
+    const headerMap = refresh ? {'x-refresh': 'true'} : {};
+    const headers = new HttpHeaders(headerMap) ;
+    return { headers, params };
+}
+
+@Injectable()
+export class PackageSearchService {
+  private handleError: HandleError;
+
+  constructor(
+    private http: HttpClient,
+    httpErrorHandler: HttpErrorHandler) {
+    this.handleError = httpErrorHandler.createHandleError('HeroesService');
+  }
+
+  search (packageName: string, refresh = false): Observable<NpmPackageInfo[]> {
+    // clear if no pkg name
+    if (!packageName.trim()) { return of([]); }
+
+    const options = createHttpOptions(packageName, refresh);
+
+    // TODO: Add error handling
+    return this.http.get(searchUrl, options).pipe(
+      map((data: any) => {
+        return data.results.map(entry => ({
+            name: entry.name[0],
+            version: entry.version[0],
+            description: entry.description[0]
+          } as NpmPackageInfo )
+        );
+      }),
+      catchError(this.handleError('search', []))
+    );
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/request-cache.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import { HttpRequest, HttpResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { MessageService } from './message.service';
+
+export interface RequestCacheEntry {
+  url: string;
+  response: HttpResponse<any>;
+  lastRead: number;
+}
+
+// #docregion request-cache
+export abstract class RequestCache {
+  abstract get(req: HttpRequest<any>): HttpResponse<any> | undefined;
+  abstract put(req: HttpRequest<any>, response: HttpResponse<any>): void
+}
+// #enddocregion request-cache
+
+const maxAge = 30000; // maximum cache age (ms)
+
+@Injectable()
+export class RequestCacheWithMap implements RequestCache {
+
+  cache = new Map<string, RequestCacheEntry>();
+
+  constructor(private messenger: MessageService) { }
+
+  get(req: HttpRequest<any>): HttpResponse<any> | undefined {
+    const url = req.urlWithParams;
+    const cached = this.cache.get(url);
+
+    if (!cached) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+
+    const isExpired = cached.lastRead < (Date.now() - maxAge);
+    const expired = isExpired ? 'expired ' : '';
+    this.messenger.add(
+      `Found ${expired}cached response for "${url}".`);
+    return isExpired ? undefined : cached.response;
+  }
+
+  put(req: HttpRequest<any>, response: HttpResponse<any>): void {
+    const url = req.urlWithParams;
+    this.messenger.add(`Caching response from "${url}".`);
+
+    const entry = { url, response, lastRead: Date.now() };
+    this.cache.set(url, entry);
+
+    // remove expired cache entries
+    const expired = Date.now() - maxAge;
+    this.cache.forEach(entry => {
+      if (entry.lastRead < expired) {
+        this.cache.delete(entry.url);
+      }
+    });
+
+    this.messenger.add(`Request cache size: ${this.cache.size}.`);
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/toh/hero-list.component.html

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-<!-- #docregion -->
-<h1>Tour of Heroes ({{mode}})</h1>
-<h3>Heroes:</h3>
-<ul>
-  <li *ngFor="let hero of heroes">{{hero.name}}</li>
-</ul>
-
-<label>New hero name: <input #newHeroName /></label>
-<button (click)="addHero(newHeroName.value); newHeroName.value=''">Add Hero</button>
-
-<p class="error" *ngIf="errorMessage">{{errorMessage}}</p>

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/toh/hero-list.component.promise.ts

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-// #docregion
-// Promise Version
-import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
-import { Hero }              from './hero';
-import { HeroService }       from './hero.service.promise';
-
-@Component({
-  selector: 'hero-list-promise',
-  templateUrl: './hero-list.component.html',
-  providers: [ HeroService ],
-  styles: ['.error {color:red;}']
-})
-// #docregion component
-export class HeroListPromiseComponent implements OnInit {
-  errorMessage: string;
-  heroes: Hero[];
-  mode = 'Promise';
-
-  constructor (private heroService: HeroService) {}
-
-  ngOnInit() { this.getHeroes(); }
-
-  // #docregion methods
-  getHeroes() {
-    this.heroService.getHeroes()
-                     .then(
-                       heroes => this.heroes = heroes,
-                       error =>  this.errorMessage = <any>error);
-  }
-
-  addHero (name: string) {
-    if (!name) { return; }
-    this.heroService.addHero(name)
-                     .then(
-                       hero  => this.heroes.push(hero),
-                       error =>  this.errorMessage = <any>error);
-  }
-  // #enddocregion methods
-}
-// #enddocregion component

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/toh/hero-list.component.ts

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-// #docregion
-// Observable Version
-import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
-import { Hero }              from './hero';
-import { HeroService }       from './hero.service';
-
-@Component({
-  selector: 'hero-list',
-  templateUrl: './hero-list.component.html',
-  providers: [ HeroService ],
-  styles: ['.error {color:red;}']
-})
-// #docregion component
-export class HeroListComponent implements OnInit {
-  errorMessage: string;
-  heroes: Hero[];
-  mode = 'Observable';
-
-  constructor (private heroService: HeroService) {}
-
-  ngOnInit() { this.getHeroes(); }
-
-  // #docregion methods
-  // #docregion getHeroes
-  getHeroes() {
-    this.heroService.getHeroes()
-                     .subscribe(
-                       heroes => this.heroes = heroes,
-                       error =>  this.errorMessage = <any>error);
-  }
-  // #enddocregion getHeroes
-
-  // #docregion addHero
-  addHero(name: string) {
-    if (!name) { return; }
-    this.heroService.create(name)
-                     .subscribe(
-                       hero  => this.heroes.push(hero),
-                       error =>  this.errorMessage = <any>error);
-  }
-  // #enddocregion addHero
-  // #enddocregion methods
-}
-// #enddocregion component

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/toh/hero.service.promise.ts

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-// #docplaster
-// #docregion
-// Promise Version
-import { Injectable }              from '@angular/core';
-import { Http, Response }          from '@angular/http';
-import { Headers, RequestOptions } from '@angular/http';
-
-// #docregion rxjs-imports
-import 'rxjs/add/operator/toPromise';
-// #enddocregion rxjs-imports
-
-import { Hero } from './hero';
-
-@Injectable()
-export class HeroService {
-  // URL to web api
-  private heroesUrl = 'app/heroes';
-
-  constructor (private http: Http) {}
-
-  // #docregion methods
-  getHeroes (): Promise<Hero[]> {
-    return this.http.get(this.heroesUrl)
-                    .toPromise()
-                    .then(this.extractData)
-                    .catch(this.handleError);
-  }
-
-  addHero (name: string): Promise<Hero> {
-    let headers = new Headers({ 'Content-Type': 'application/json' });
-    let options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });
-
-    return this.http.post(this.heroesUrl, { name }, options)
-               .toPromise()
-               .then(this.extractData)
-               .catch(this.handleError);
-  }
-
-  private extractData(res: Response) {
-    let body = res.json();
-    return body.data || { };
-  }
-
-  private handleError (error: Response | any) {
-    // In a real world app, we might use a remote logging infrastructure
-    let errMsg: string;
-    if (error instanceof Response) {
-      const body = error.json() || '';
-      const err = body.error || JSON.stringify(body);
-      errMsg = `${error.status} - ${error.statusText || ''} ${err}`;
-    } else {
-      errMsg = error.message ? error.message : error.toString();
-    }
-    console.error(errMsg);
-    return Promise.reject(errMsg);
-  }
-
-// #enddocregion methods
-}
-// #enddocregion

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/toh/hero.service.ts

@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-// #docplaster
-// #docregion
-// Observable Version
-// #docregion v1
-import { Injectable }              from '@angular/core';
-import { Http, Response }          from '@angular/http';
-// #enddocregion v1
-// #docregion import-request-options
-import { Headers, RequestOptions } from '@angular/http';
-// #enddocregion import-request-options
-// #docregion v1
-
-// #docregion rxjs-imports
-import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
-import 'rxjs/add/operator/catch';
-import 'rxjs/add/operator/map';
-// #enddocregion rxjs-imports
-
-import { Hero } from './hero';
-
-@Injectable()
-export class HeroService {
-  // #docregion endpoint
-  private heroesUrl = 'api/heroes';  // URL to web API
-  // #enddocregion endpoint
-
-  // #docregion ctor
-  constructor (private http: Http) {}
-  // #enddocregion ctor
-
-  // #docregion methods, error-handling, http-get
-  getHeroes(): Observable<Hero[]> {
-    return this.http.get(this.heroesUrl)
-                    .map(this.extractData)
-                    .catch(this.handleError);
-  }
-  // #enddocregion error-handling, http-get, v1
-
-  // #docregion create, create-sig
-  create(name: string): Observable<Hero> {
-  // #enddocregion create-sig
-    let headers = new Headers({ 'Content-Type': 'application/json' });
-    let options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });
-
-    return this.http.post(this.heroesUrl, { name }, options)
-                    .map(this.extractData)
-                    .catch(this.handleError);
-  }
-  // #enddocregion create
-
-  // #docregion v1, extract-data
-  private extractData(res: Response) {
-    let body = res.json();
-    return body.data || { };
-  }
-  // #enddocregion extract-data
-  // #docregion error-handling
-
-  private handleError (error: Response | any) {
-    // In a real world app, you might use a remote logging infrastructure
-    let errMsg: string;
-    if (error instanceof Response) {
-      const body = error.json() || '';
-      const err = body.error || JSON.stringify(body);
-      errMsg = `${error.status} - ${error.statusText || ''} ${err}`;
-    } else {
-      errMsg = error.message ? error.message : error.toString();
-    }
-    console.error(errMsg);
-    return Observable.throw(errMsg);
-  }
-  // #enddocregion error-handling, methods
-}
-// #enddocregion
-
-/*
-  // #docregion endpoint-json
-  private heroesUrl = 'app/heroes.json'; // URL to JSON file
-  // #enddocregion endpoint-json
-*/

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/toh/hero.ts

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-// #docregion
-export class Hero {
-  constructor(
-    public id: number,
-    public name: string) { }
-}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/uploader/uploader.component.html

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<h3>Upload file</h3>
+<form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
+  <div>
+    <label for="picked">Choose file to upload</label>
+    <div>
+      <input type="file" id="picked" #picked
+        (click)="message=''"
+        (change)="onPicked(picked)">
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p *ngIf="message">{{message}}</p>
+</form>

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/uploader/uploader.component.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import { Component } from '@angular/core';
+import { UploaderService } from './uploader.service';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-uploader',
+  templateUrl: './uploader.component.html',
+  providers: [ UploaderService ]
+})
+export class UploaderComponent {
+  message: string;
+
+  constructor(private uploaderService: UploaderService) {}
+
+  onPicked(input: HTMLInputElement) {
+    const file = input.files[0];
+    if (file) {
+      this.uploaderService.upload(file).subscribe(
+        msg => {
+          input.value = null;
+          this.message = msg;
+        }
+      );
+    }
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/uploader/uploader.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
+import {
+  HttpClient, HttpEvent, HttpEventType, HttpProgressEvent,
+  HttpRequest, HttpResponse, HttpErrorResponse
+} from '@angular/common/http';
+
+import { of } from 'rxjs/observable/of';
+import { catchError, last, map, tap } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+import { MessageService } from '../message.service';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class UploaderService {
+  constructor(
+    private http: HttpClient,
+    private messenger: MessageService) {}
+
+  // If uploading multiple files, change to:
+  // upload(files: FileList) {
+  //   const formData = new FormData();
+  //   files.forEach(f => formData.append(f.name, f));
+  //   new HttpRequest('POST', '/upload/file', formData, {reportProgress: true});
+  //   ...
+  // }
+
+  upload(file: File) {
+    if (!file) { return; }
+
+    // COULD HAVE WRITTEN:
+    // return this.http.post('/upload/file', file, {
+    //   reportProgress: true,
+    //   observe: 'events'
+    // }).pipe(
+
+    // Create the request object that POSTs the file to an upload endpoint.
+    // The `reportProgress` option tells HttpClient to listen and return
+    // XHR progress events.
+    // #docregion upload-request
+    const req = new HttpRequest('POST', '/upload/file', file, {
+      reportProgress: true
+    });
+    // #enddocregion upload-request
+
+    // #docregion upload-body
+    // The `HttpClient.request` API produces a raw event stream
+    // which includes start (sent), progress, and response events.
+    return this.http.request(req).pipe(
+      map(event => this.getEventMessage(event, file)),
+      tap(message => this.showProgress(message)),
+      last(), // return last (completed) message to caller
+      catchError(this.handleError(file))
+    );
+    // #enddocregion upload-body
+  }
+
+  // #docregion getEventMessage
+  /** Return distinct message for sent, upload progress, & response events */
+  private getEventMessage(event: HttpEvent<any>, file: File) {
+    switch (event.type) {
+      case HttpEventType.Sent:
+        return `Uploading file "${file.name}" of size ${file.size}.`;
+
+      case HttpEventType.UploadProgress:
+        // Compute and show the % done:
+        const percentDone = Math.round(100 * event.loaded / event.total);
+        return `File "${file.name}" is ${percentDone}% uploaded.`;
+
+      case HttpEventType.Response:
+        return `File "${file.name}" was completely uploaded!`;
+
+      default:
+        return `File "${file.name}" surprising upload event: ${event.type}.`;
+    }
+  }
+  // #enddocregion getEventMessage
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a function that handles Http upload failures.
+   * @param file - File object for file being uploaded
+   *
+   * When no `UploadInterceptor` and no server,
+   * you'll end up here in the error handler.
+   */
+  private handleError(file: File) {
+    const userMessage = `${file.name} upload failed.`;
+
+    return (error: HttpErrorResponse) => {
+      // TODO: send the error to remote logging infrastructure
+      console.error(error); // log to console instead
+
+      const message = (error.error instanceof Error) ?
+        error.error.message :
+       `server returned code ${error.status} with body "${error.error}"`;
+
+      this.messenger.add(`${userMessage} ${message}`);
+
+      // Let app keep running but indicate failure.
+      return of(userMessage);
+    };
+  }
+
+  private showProgress(message: string) {
+    this.messenger.add(message);
+  }
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/wiki/wiki-smart.component.ts

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-/* tslint:disable: member-ordering forin */
-// #docplaster
-// #docregion
-import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
-
-// #docregion rxjs-imports
-import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
-import 'rxjs/add/operator/debounceTime';
-import 'rxjs/add/operator/distinctUntilChanged';
-import 'rxjs/add/operator/switchMap';
-
-// #docregion import-subject
-import { Subject } from 'rxjs/Subject';
-// #enddocregion import-subject
-
-import { WikipediaService } from './wikipedia.service';
-
-@Component({
-  selector: 'my-wiki-smart',
-  template: `
-    <h1>Smarter Wikipedia Demo</h1>
-    <p>Search when typing stops</p>
-    <input #term (keyup)="search(term.value)"/>
-    <ul>
-      <li *ngFor="let item of items | async">{{item}}</li>
-    </ul>`,
-  providers: [ WikipediaService ]
-})
-export class WikiSmartComponent implements OnInit {
-  items: Observable<string[]>;
-
-  constructor (private wikipediaService: WikipediaService) {}
-
-  // #docregion subject
-  private searchTermStream = new Subject<string>();
-  search(term: string) { this.searchTermStream.next(term); }
-  // #enddocregion subject
-
-  ngOnInit() {
-    // #docregion observable-operators
-    this.items = this.searchTermStream
-      .debounceTime(300)
-      .distinctUntilChanged()
-      .switchMap((term: string) => this.wikipediaService.search(term));
-    // #enddocregion observable-operators
-  }
-}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/wiki/wiki.component.ts

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-// #docregion
-import { Component }        from '@angular/core';
-import { Observable }       from 'rxjs/Observable';
-
-import { WikipediaService } from './wikipedia.service';
-
-@Component({
-  selector: 'my-wiki',
-  template: `
-    <h1>Wikipedia Demo</h1>
-    <p>Search after each keystroke</p>
-    <input #term (keyup)="search(term.value)"/>
-    <ul>
-      <li *ngFor="let item of items | async">{{item}}</li>
-    </ul>`,
-  providers: [ WikipediaService ]
-})
-export class WikiComponent {
-  items: Observable<string[]>;
-
-  constructor (private wikipediaService: WikipediaService) { }
-
-  search (term: string) {
-    this.items = this.wikipediaService.search(term);
-  }
-}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/wiki/wikipedia.service.1.ts

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-// Create the query string by hand
-// #docregion
-import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
-import { Jsonp }      from '@angular/http';
-
-import 'rxjs/add/operator/map';
-
-@Injectable()
-export class WikipediaService {
-  constructor(private jsonp: Jsonp) { }
-
-  // TODO: Add error handling
-  search(term: string) {
-
-    let wikiUrl = 'http://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php';
-
-    // #docregion query-string
-    let queryString =
-      `?search=${term}&action=opensearch&format=json&callback=JSONP_CALLBACK`;
-
-    return this.jsonp
-               .get(wikiUrl + queryString)
-               .map(response => <string[]> response.json()[1]);
-    // #enddocregion query-string
-  }
-}

aio/content/examples/http/src/app/wiki/wikipedia.service.ts

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-// #docregion
-import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
-import { Jsonp, URLSearchParams } from '@angular/http';
-
-import 'rxjs/add/operator/map';
-
-@Injectable()
-export class WikipediaService {
-  constructor(private jsonp: Jsonp) {}
-
-  search (term: string) {
-
-    let wikiUrl = 'http://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php';
-
-    // #docregion search-parameters
-    let params = new URLSearchParams();
-    params.set('search', term); // the user's search value
-    params.set('action', 'opensearch');
-    params.set('format', 'json');
-    params.set('callback', 'JSONP_CALLBACK');
-    // #enddocregion search-parameters
-
-    // #docregion call-jsonp
-    // TODO: Add error handling
-    return this.jsonp
-               .get(wikiUrl, { search: params })
-               .map(response => <string[]> response.json()[1]);
-    // #enddocregion call-jsonp
-  }
-}

aio/content/examples/http/src/assets/config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "heroesUrl": "api/heroes",
+  "textfile": "assets/textfile.txt"
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/assets/textfile.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+This is the downloaded text file

aio/content/examples/http/src/browser-test-shim.js

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+// BROWSER TESTING SHIM
+// Keep it in-sync with what karma-test-shim does
+// #docregion
+/*global jasmine, __karma__, window*/
+(function () {
+
+  Error.stackTraceLimit = 0; // "No stacktrace"" is usually best for app testing.
+
+  // Uncomment to get full stacktrace output. Sometimes helpful, usually not.
+  // Error.stackTraceLimit = Infinity; //
+
+  jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL = 3000;
+
+  var baseURL = document.baseURI;
+  baseURL = baseURL + baseURL[baseURL.length-1] ? '' : '/';
+
+  System.config({
+    baseURL: baseURL,
+    // Extend usual application package list with test folder
+    packages: { 'testing': { main: 'index.js', defaultExtension: 'js' } },
+
+    // Assume npm: is set in `paths` in systemjs.config
+    // Map the angular testing umd bundles
+    map: {
+      '@angular/core/testing': 'npm:@angular/core/bundles/core-testing.umd.js',
+      '@angular/common/testing': 'npm:@angular/common/bundles/common-testing.umd.js',
+      '@angular/common/http/testing': 'npm:@angular/common/bundles/common-http-testing.umd.js',
+      '@angular/compiler/testing': 'npm:@angular/compiler/bundles/compiler-testing.umd.js',
+      '@angular/platform-browser/testing': 'npm:@angular/platform-browser/bundles/platform-browser-testing.umd.js',
+      '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/testing': 'npm:@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/bundles/platform-browser-dynamic-testing.umd.js',
+      '@angular/http/testing': 'npm:@angular/http/bundles/http-testing.umd.js',
+      '@angular/router/testing': 'npm:@angular/router/bundles/router-testing.umd.js',
+      '@angular/forms/testing': 'npm:@angular/forms/bundles/forms-testing.umd.js',
+    },
+  });
+
+  System.import('systemjs.config.js')
+    // .then(importSystemJsExtras) // not in this project
+    .then(initTestBed)
+    .then(initTesting);
+
+  /** Optional SystemJS configuration extras. Keep going w/o it */
+  function importSystemJsExtras(){
+    return System.import('systemjs.config.extras.js')
+    .catch(function(reason) {
+      console.log(
+        'Note: System.import could not load "systemjs.config.extras.js" where you might have added more configuration. It is an optional file so we will continue without it.'
+      );
+      console.log(reason);
+    });
+  }
+
+  function initTestBed(){
+    return Promise.all([
+      System.import('@angular/core/testing'),
+      System.import('@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/testing')
+    ])
+
+    .then(function (providers) {
+      var coreTesting    = providers[0];
+      var browserTesting = providers[1];
+
+      coreTesting.TestBed.initTestEnvironment(
+        browserTesting.BrowserDynamicTestingModule,
+        browserTesting.platformBrowserDynamicTesting());
+    })
+  }
+
+  // Import all spec files defined in the html (__spec_files__)
+  // and start Jasmine testrunner
+  function initTesting () {
+    console.log('loading spec files: '+__spec_files__.join(', '));
+    return Promise.all(
+      __spec_files__.map(function(spec) {
+        return System.import(spec);
+      })
+    )
+    //  After all imports load,  re-execute `window.onload` which
+    //  triggers the Jasmine test-runner start or explain what went wrong
+    .then(success, console.error.bind(console));
+
+    function success () {
+      console.log('Spec files loaded; starting Jasmine testrunner');
+      window.onload();
+    }
+  }
+
+  })();

aio/content/examples/http/src/index-specs.html

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<!--
+  Intentionally empty placeholder for Stackblitz.
+  Do not need index.html in zip-download either as you should run tests with `npm test`
+ -->

aio/content/examples/http/src/index.html

@@ -1,27 +1,14 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<!-- #docregion -->
+<!doctype html>
 <html lang="en">
-  <head>
-    <title>Angular Http Demo</title>
-    <base href="/">
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
-
-    <!-- Polyfills -->
-    <script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
-
-    <script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
-    <script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
-
-    <script src="systemjs.config.js"></script>
-    <script>
-      System.import('main.js').catch(function(err){ console.error(err); });
-    </script>
-  </head>
-
-  <body>
-      <my-app></my-app>
-  </body>
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <title>HttpClient Demo</title>
+  <base href="/">
 
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico">
+</head>
+<body>
+  <app-root></app-root>
+</body>
 </html>

aio/content/examples/http/src/main-specs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import './testing/global-jasmine';
+import 'jasmine-core/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine-html.js';
+import 'jasmine-core/lib/jasmine-core/boot.js';
+
+declare var jasmine;
+
+import './polyfills';
+
+import 'zone.js/dist/async-test';
+import 'zone.js/dist/fake-async-test';
+import 'zone.js/dist/long-stack-trace-zone';
+import 'zone.js/dist/proxy.js';
+import 'zone.js/dist/sync-test';
+import 'zone.js/dist/jasmine-patch';
+
+import { getTestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
+import {
+  BrowserDynamicTestingModule,
+  platformBrowserDynamicTesting
+} from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/testing';
+
+// Import spec files individually for Stackblitz
+import './app/heroes/heroes.service.spec.ts';
+import './testing/http-client.spec.ts';
+
+//
+bootstrap();
+
+//
+function bootstrap () {
+  if (window['jasmineRef']) {
+    location.reload();
+    return;
+  } else {
+    window.onload(undefined);
+    window['jasmineRef'] = jasmine.getEnv();
+  }
+
+  // First, initialize the Angular testing environment.
+  getTestBed().initTestEnvironment(
+    BrowserDynamicTestingModule,
+    platformBrowserDynamicTesting()
+  );
+}

aio/content/examples/http/src/test.css

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+@import "~jasmine-core/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine.css"

aio/content/examples/http/src/testing/global-jasmine.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import jasmineRequire from 'jasmine-core/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine.js';
+
+window['jasmineRequire'] = jasmineRequire;

aio/content/examples/http/src/testing/http-client.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+// #docplaster
+// #docregion imports
+// Http testing module and mocking controller
+import { HttpClientTestingModule, HttpTestingController } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
+
+// Other imports
+import { TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
+import { HttpClient, HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+// #enddocregion imports
+import { HttpHeaders } from '@angular/common/http';
+
+interface Data {
+  name: string;
+}
+
+const testUrl = '/data';
+
+// #docregion setup
+describe('HttpClient testing', () => {
+  let httpClient: HttpClient;
+  let httpTestingController: HttpTestingController;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
+      imports: [ HttpClientTestingModule ]
+    });
+
+    // Inject the http service and test controller for each test
+    httpClient = TestBed.get(HttpClient);
+    httpTestingController = TestBed.get(HttpTestingController);
+  });
+  // #enddocregion setup
+  // #docregion afterEach
+  afterEach(() => {
+    // After every test, assert that there are no more pending requests.
+    httpTestingController.verify();
+  });
+  // #enddocregion afterEach
+  // #docregion setup
+  /// Tests begin ///
+  // #enddocregion setup
+  // #docregion get-test
+  it('can test HttpClient.get', () => {
+    const testData: Data = {name: 'Test Data'};
+
+    // Make an HTTP GET request
+    httpClient.get<Data>(testUrl)
+      .subscribe(data =>
+        // When observable resolves, result should match test data
+        expect(data).toEqual(testData)
+      );
+
+    // The following `expectOne()` will match the request's URL.
+    // If no requests or multiple requests matched that URL
+    // `expectOne()` would throw.
+    const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('/data');
+
+    // Assert that the request is a GET.
+    expect(req.request.method).toEqual('GET');
+
+    // Respond with mock data, causing Observable to resolve.
+    // Subscribe callback asserts that correct data was returned.
+    req.flush(testData);
+
+    // Finally, assert that there are no outstanding requests.
+    httpTestingController.verify();
+  });
+  // #enddocregion get-test
+  it('can test HttpClient.get with matching header', () => {
+    const testData: Data = {name: 'Test Data'};
+
+    // Make an HTTP GET request with specific header
+    httpClient.get<Data>(testUrl, {
+        headers: new HttpHeaders({'Authorization': 'my-auth-token'})
+      })
+      .subscribe(data =>
+        expect(data).toEqual(testData)
+      );
+
+      // Find request with a predicate function.
+    // #docregion predicate
+    // Expect one request with an authorization header
+    const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(
+      req => req.headers.has('Authorization')
+    );
+    // #enddocregion predicate
+    req.flush(testData);
+  });
+
+  it('can test multiple requests', () => {
+    let testData: Data[] = [
+      { name: 'bob' }, { name: 'carol' },
+      { name: 'ted' }, { name: 'alice' }
+    ];
+
+    // Make three requests in a row
+    httpClient.get<Data[]>(testUrl)
+      .subscribe(d => expect(d.length).toEqual(0, 'should have no data'));
+
+    httpClient.get<Data[]>(testUrl)
+      .subscribe(d => expect(d).toEqual([testData[0]], 'should be one element array'));
+
+    httpClient.get<Data[]>(testUrl)
+      .subscribe(d => expect(d).toEqual(testData, 'should be expected data'));
+
+    // #docregion multi-request
+    // get all pending requests that match the given URL
+    const requests = httpTestingController.match(testUrl);
+    expect(requests.length).toEqual(3);
+
+    // Respond to each request with different results
+    requests[0].flush([]);
+    requests[1].flush([testData[0]]);
+    requests[2].flush(testData);
+    // #enddocregion multi-request
+  });
+
+  // #docregion 404
+  it('can test for 404 error', () => {
+    const emsg = 'deliberate 404 error';
+
+    httpClient.get<Data[]>(testUrl).subscribe(
+      data => fail('should have failed with the 404 error'),
+      (error: HttpErrorResponse) => {
+        expect(error.status).toEqual(404, 'status');
+        expect(error.error).toEqual(emsg, 'message');
+      }
+    );
+
+    const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(testUrl);
+
+    // Respond with mock error
+    req.flush(emsg, { status: 404, statusText: 'Not Found' });
+  });
+  // #enddocregion 404
+
+  // #docregion network-error
+  it('can test for network error', () => {
+    const emsg = 'simulated network error';
+
+    httpClient.get<Data[]>(testUrl).subscribe(
+      data => fail('should have failed with the network error'),
+      (error: HttpErrorResponse) => {
+        expect(error.error.message).toEqual(emsg, 'message');
+      }
+    );
+
+    const req = httpTestingController.expectOne(testUrl);
+
+    // Create mock ErrorEvent, raised when something goes wrong at the network level.
+    // Connection timeout, DNS error, offline, etc
+    const errorEvent = new ErrorEvent('so sad', {
+      message: emsg,
+      // #enddocregion network-error
+      // The rest of this is optional and not used.
+      // Just showing that you could provide this too.
+      filename: 'HeroService.ts',
+      lineno: 42,
+      colno: 21
+    // #docregion network-error
+    });
+
+    // Respond with mock error
+    req.error(errorEvent);
+  });
+  // #enddocregion network-error
+
+  it('httpTestingController.verify should fail if HTTP response not simulated', () => {
+    // Sends request
+    httpClient.get('some/api').subscribe();
+
+    // verify() should fail because haven't handled the pending request.
+    expect(() => httpTestingController.verify()).toThrow();
+
+    // Now get and flush the request so that afterEach() doesn't fail
+    const req = httpTestingController.expectOne('some/api');
+    req.flush(null);
+  });
+
+  // Proves that verify in afterEach() really would catch error
+  // if test doesn't simulate the HTTP response.
+  //
+  // Must disable this test because can't catch an error in an afterEach().
+  // Uncomment if you want to confirm that afterEach() does the job.
+  // it('afterEach() should fail when HTTP response not simulated',() => {
+  //   // Sends request which is never handled by this test
+  //   httpClient.get('some/api').subscribe();
+  // });
+// #docregion setup
+});
+// #enddocregion setup

aio/content/examples/http/stackblitz.json

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
   "files":[
     "!**/*.d.ts",
     "!**/*.js",
-    "!**/*.[1].*"
+
+    "!src/testing/*.*",
+    "!src/index-specs.html"
   ],
-  "tags": ["http", "jsonp"]
+  "tags": ["http"]
 }

aio/content/examples/observables-in-angular/src/main.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+
+import { Component, Output, OnInit, EventEmitter, NgModule } from '@angular/core';
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+
+// #docregion eventemitter
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'zippy',
+  template: `
+  <div class="zippy">
+    <div (click)="toggle()">Toggle</div>
+    <div [hidden]="!visible">
+      <ng-content></ng-content>
+    </div>
+  </div>`})
+
+export class ZippyComponent {
+  visible = true;
+  @Output() open = new EventEmitter<any>();
+  @Output() close = new EventEmitter<any>();
+
+  toggle() {
+    this.visible = !this.visible;
+    if (this.visible) {
+      this.open.emit(null);
+    } else {
+      this.close.emit(null);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// #enddocregion eventemitter
+
+// #docregion pipe
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'async-observable-pipe',
+  template: `<div><code>observable|async</code>:
+       Time: {{ time | async }}</div>`
+})
+export class AsyncObservablePipeComponent {
+  time = new Observable(observer =>
+    setInterval(() => observer.next(new Date().toString()), 1000)
+  );
+}
+
+// #enddocregion pipe
+
+// #docregion router
+
+import { Router, NavigationStart } from '@angular/router';
+import { filter } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-routable',
+  templateUrl: './routable.component.html',
+  styleUrls: ['./routable.component.css']
+})
+export class Routable1Component implements OnInit {
+
+  navStart: Observable<NavigationStart>;
+
+  constructor(private router: Router) {
+    // Create a new Observable the publishes only the NavigationStart event
+    this.navStart = router.events.pipe(
+      filter(evt => evt instanceof NavigationStart)
+    ) as Observable<NavigationStart>;
+  }
+
+  ngOnInit() {
+    this.navStart.subscribe(evt => console.log('Navigation Started!'));
+  }
+}
+
+// #enddocregion router
+
+
+// #docregion activated_route
+
+import { ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'app-routable',
+  templateUrl: './routable.component.html',
+  styleUrls: ['./routable.component.css']
+})
+export class Routable2Component implements OnInit {
+  constructor(private activatedRoute: ActivatedRoute) {}
+
+  ngOnInit() {
+    this.activatedRoute.url
+      .subscribe(url => console.log('The URL changed to: ' + url));
+  }
+}
+
+// #enddocregion activated_route
+
+
+// #docregion forms
+
+import { FormGroup } from '@angular/forms';
+
+@Component({
+  selector: 'my-component',
+  template: 'MyComponent Template'
+})
+export class MyComponent implements OnInit {
+  nameChangeLog: string[] = [];
+  heroForm: FormGroup;
+
+  ngOnInit() {
+    this.logNameChange();
+  }
+  logNameChange() {
+    const nameControl = this.heroForm.get('name');
+    nameControl.valueChanges.forEach(
+      (value: string) => this.nameChangeLog.push(value)
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+// #enddocregion forms
+
+
+
+@NgModule({
+  declarations:
+      [ZippyComponent, AsyncObservablePipeComponent, Routable1Component, Routable2Component, MyComponent]
+})
+export class AppModule {
+}

aio/content/examples/observables/src/creating.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+
+// #docregion subscriber
+
+// This function runs when subscribe() is called
+function sequenceSubscriber(observer) {
+  // synchronously deliver 1, 2, and 3, then complete
+  observer.next(1);
+  observer.next(2);
+  observer.next(3);
+  observer.complete();
+
+  // unsubscribe function doesn't need to do anything in this
+  // because values are delivered synchronously
+  return {unsubscribe() {}};
+}
+
+// Create a new Observable that will deliver the above sequence
+const sequence = new Observable(sequenceSubscriber);
+
+// execute the Observable and print the result of each notification
+sequence.subscribe({
+  next(num) { console.log(num); },
+  complete() { console.log('Finished sequence'); }
+});
+
+// Logs:
+// 1
+// 2
+// 3
+// Finished sequence
+
+// #enddocregion subscriber
+
+// #docregion fromevent
+
+function fromEvent(target, eventName) {
+  return new Observable((observer) => {
+    const handler = (e) => observer.next(e);
+
+    // Add the event handler to the target
+    target.addEventListener(eventName, handler);
+
+    return () => {
+      // Detach the event handler from the target
+      target.removeEventListener(eventName, handler);
+    };
+  });
+}
+
+// #enddocregion fromevent
+
+// #docregion fromevent_use
+
+const ESC_KEY = 27;
+const nameInput = document.getElementById('name') as HTMLInputElement;
+
+const subscription = fromEvent(nameInput, 'keydown')
+  .subscribe((e: KeyboardEvent) => {
+    if (e.keyCode === ESC_KEY) {
+      nameInput.value = '';
+    }
+  });
+
+// #enddocregion fromevent_use

aio/content/examples/observables/src/geolocation.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+
+// #docregion
+
+// Create an Observable that will start listening to geolocation updates
+// when a consumer subscribes.
+const locations = new Observable((observer) => {
+  // Get the next and error callbacks. These will be passed in when
+  // the consumer subscribes.
+  const {next, error} = observer;
+  let watchId;
+
+  // Simple geolocation API check provides values to publish
+  if ('geolocation' in navigator) {
+    watchId = navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(next, error);
+  } else {
+    error('Geolocation not available');
+  }
+
+  // When the consumer unsubscribes, clean up data ready for next subscription.
+  return {unsubscribe() { navigator.geolocation.clearWatch(watchId); }};
+});
+
+// Call subscribe() to start listening for updates.
+const locationsSubscription = locations.subscribe({
+  next(position) { console.log('Current Position: ', position); },
+  error(msg) { console.log('Error Getting Location: ', msg); }
+});
+
+// Stop listening for location after 10 seconds
+setTimeout(() => { locationsSubscription.unsubscribe(); }, 10000);
+// #enddocregion

aio/content/examples/observables/src/main.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+
+import './geolocation';
+import './subscribing';
+import './creating';
+import './multicasting';

aio/content/examples/observables/src/multicasting.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+
+// #docregion delay_sequence
+
+function sequenceSubscriber(observer) {
+  const seq = [1, 2, 3];
+  let timeoutId;
+
+  // Will run through an array of numbers, emitting one value
+  // per second until it gets to the end of the array.
+  function doSequence(arr, idx) {
+    timeoutId = setTimeout(() => {
+      observer.next(arr[idx]);
+      if (idx === arr.length - 1) {
+        observer.complete();
+      } else {
+        doSequence(arr, idx++);
+      }
+    }, 1000);
+  }
+
+  doSequence(seq, 0);
+
+  // Unsubscribe should clear the timeout to stop execution
+  return {unsubscribe() {
+    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+  }};
+}
+
+// Create a new Observable that will deliver the above sequence
+const sequence = new Observable(sequenceSubscriber);
+
+sequence.subscribe({
+  next(num) { console.log(num); },
+  complete() { console.log('Finished sequence'); }
+});
+
+// Logs:
+// (at 1 second): 1
+// (at 2 seconds): 2
+// (at 3 seconds): 3
+// (at 3 seconds): Finished sequence
+
+// #enddocregion delay_sequence
+
+// #docregion subscribe_twice
+
+// Subscribe starts the clock, and will emit after 1 second
+sequence.subscribe({
+  next(num) { console.log('1st subscribe: ' + num); },
+  complete() { console.log('1st sequence finished.'); }
+});
+
+// After 1/2 second, subscribe again.
+setTimeout(() => {
+  sequence.subscribe({
+    next(num) { console.log('2nd subscribe: ' + num); },
+    complete() { console.log('2nd sequence finished.'); }
+  });
+}, 500);
+
+// Logs:
+// (at 1 second): 1st subscribe: 1
+// (at 1.5 seconds): 2nd subscribe: 1
+// (at 2 seconds): 1st subscribe: 2
+// (at 2.5 seconds): 2nd subscribe: 2
+// (at 3 seconds): 1st subscribe: 3
+// (at 3 seconds): 1st sequence finished
+// (at 3.5 seconds): 2nd subscribe: 3
+// (at 3.5 seconds): 2nd sequence finished
+
+// #enddocregion subscribe_twice
+
+// #docregion multicast_sequence
+
+function multicastSequenceSubscriber() {
+  const seq = [1, 2, 3];
+  // Keep track of each observer (one for every active subscription)
+  const observers = [];
+  // Still a single timeoutId because there will only ever be one
+  // set of values being generated, multicasted to each subscriber
+  let timeoutId;
+
+  // Return the subscriber function (runs when subscribe()
+  // function is invoked)
+  return (observer) => {
+    observers.push(observer);
+    // When this is the first subscription, start the sequence
+    if (observers.length === 1) {
+      timeoutId = doSequence({
+        next(val) {
+          // Iterate through observers and notify all subscriptions
+          observers.forEach(obs => obs.next(val));
+        },
+        complete() {
+          // Notify all complete callbacks
+          observers.forEach(obs => obs.complete());
+        }
+      }, seq, 0);
+    }
+
+    return {
+      unsubscribe() {
+        // Remove from the observers array so it's no longer notified
+        observers.splice(observers.indexOf(observer), 1);
+        // If there's no more listeners, do cleanup
+        if (observers.length === 0) {
+          clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+        }
+      }
+    };
+  };
+}
+
+// Run through an array of numbers, emitting one value
+// per second until it gets to the end of the array.
+function doSequence(observer, arr, idx) {
+  return setTimeout(() => {
+    observer.next(arr[idx]);
+    if (idx === arr.length - 1) {
+      observer.complete();
+    } else {
+      doSequence(observer, arr, idx++);
+    }
+  }, 1000);
+}
+
+// Create a new Observable that will deliver the above sequence
+const multicastSequence = new Observable(multicastSequenceSubscriber);
+
+// Subscribe starts the clock, and begins to emit after 1 second
+multicastSequence.subscribe({
+  next(num) { console.log('1st subscribe: ' + num); },
+  complete() { console.log('1st sequence finished.'); }
+});
+
+// After 1 1/2 seconds, subscribe again (should "miss" the first value).
+setTimeout(() => {
+  multicastSequence.subscribe({
+    next(num) { console.log('2nd subscribe: ' + num); },
+    complete() { console.log('2nd sequence finished.'); }
+  });
+}, 1500);
+
+// Logs:
+// (at 1 second): 1st subscribe: 1
+// (at 2 seconds): 1st subscribe: 2
+// (at 2 seconds): 2nd subscribe: 2
+// (at 3 seconds): 1st subscribe: 3
+// (at 3 seconds): 1st sequence finished
+// (at 3 seconds): 2nd subscribe: 3
+// (at 3 seconds): 2nd sequence finished
+
+// #enddocregion multicast_sequence

aio/content/examples/observables/src/subscribing.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+
+import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
+import 'rxjs/add/observable/of';
+
+// #docregion observer
+
+// Create simple observable that emits three values
+const myObservable = Observable.of(1, 2, 3);
+
+// Create observer object
+const myObserver = {
+  next: x => console.log('Observer got a next value: ' + x),
+  error: err => console.error('Observer got an error: ' + err),
+  complete: () => console.log('Observer got a complete notification'),
+};
+
+// Execute with the observer object
+myObservable.subscribe(myObserver);
+// Logs:
+// Observer got a next value: 1
+// Observer got a next value: 2
+// Observer got a next value: 3
+// Observer got a complete notification
+
+// #enddocregion observer
+
+// #docregion sub_fn
+myObservable.subscribe(
+  x => console.log('Observer got a next value: ' + x),
+  err => console.error('Observer got an error: ' + err),
+  () => console.log('Observer got a complete notification')
+);
+// #enddocregion sub_fn

aio/content/examples/practical-observable-usage/src/backoff.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+
+import { ajax } from 'rxjs/observable/dom/ajax';
+import { range } from 'rxjs/observable/range';
+import { timer } from 'rxjs/observable/timer';
+import { pipe } from 'rxjs/util/pipe';
+import { retryWhen, zip, map, mergeMap } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+function backoff(maxTries, ms) {
+ return pipe(
+   retryWhen(attempts => range(1, maxTries)
+     .pipe(
+       zip(attempts, (i) => i),
+       map(i => i * i),
+       mergeMap(i =>  timer(i * ms))
+     )
+   )
+ );
+}
+
+ajax('/api/endpoint')
+  .pipe(backoff(3, 250))
+  .subscribe(data => handleData(data));
+
+function handleData(data) {
+  // ...
+}

aio/content/examples/practical-observable-usage/src/typeahead.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+import { fromEvent } from 'rxjs/observable/fromEvent';
+import { ajax } from 'rxjs/observable/dom/ajax';
+import { map, filter, debounceTime, distinctUntilChanged, switchMap } from 'rxjs/operators';
+
+const searchBox = document.getElementById('search-box');
+
+const typeahead = fromEvent(searchBox, 'input').pipe(
+  map((e: KeyboardEvent) => e.target.value),
+  filter(text => text.length > 2),
+  debounceTime(10),
+  distinctUntilChanged(),
+  switchMap(() => ajax('/api/endpoint'))
+);
+
+typeahead.subscribe(data => {
+ // Handle the data from the API
+});